1.搭建开发环境
Spring2.5需要的JAR文件：
spring-framework-2.5.6\dist\spring.jar
spring-framework-2.5.6\lib\jakarta-commons\commons-logging.jar
Struts2.2需要的JAR文件
struts-2.2.1.1\lib\commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar
struts-2.2.1.1\lib\commons-io-1.3.2.jar
struts-2.2.1.1\lib\freemarker-2.3.16.jar
struts-2.2.1.1\lib\javassist-3.7.ga.jar
struts-2.2.1.1\lib\ognl-3.0.jar
struts-2.2.1.1\lib\struts2-core-2.2.1.1.jar
struts-2.2.1.1\lib\xwork-core-2.2.1.1.jar
struts-2.2.1.1\lib\struts2-spring-plugin-2.2.1.1.jar Spring整合Struts2需要的
在web.xml中做如下配：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <!-- 配置Spring监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 配置Struts2 --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
JSP页面如下：
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Source City</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="distanceAction" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>Source City</td>
<td><s:textfield name="srcCity" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destination City</td>
<td><s:textfield name="destCity" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Distance</td>
<td><font color="red">${distance }</font></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><s:submit value="Find" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
2.开发Service
a.Service接口
package com.apress.springrecipes.city;
public interface CityService {
/**
* 计算两个城市的距离
* @param srcCity 出发地
* @param destCity 目的地
* @return 两个城市之间的距离
*/
public double findDistance(String srcCity,String destCity);
}
b.开发Service的实现类
package com.apress.springrecipes.city;
import java.util.Map;
public class CityServiceImpl implements CityService {
private Map<String, Map<String, Double>> distanceMap;
public void setDistanceMap(Map<String, Map<String, Double>> distanceMap) {
this.distanceMap = distanceMap;
}
/**
* 计算两个城市的距离
* @param srcCity 出发地
* @param destCity 目的地
* @return 两个城市之间的距离
*/
@Override
public double findDistance(String srcCity, String destCity) {
Map<String, Double> destinationMap = distanceMap.get(srcCity);
if (destinationMap == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Source city not found");
}
Double distance = destinationMap.get(destCity);
if (distance == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Destination city not found");
}
return distance;
}
}
在Spring的配置文件beans.xml中配置service
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="cityService" class="com.apress.springrecipes.city.CityServiceImpl"> <property name="distanceMap"> <map> <entry key="New York"> <map> <entry key="London" value="5574" /> <entry key="BeiJing" value="10974" /> </map> </entry> </map> </property> </bean> </beans>
3.开发Action整合Spring
有两种方法：
第一种：
package com.apress.springrecipes.city.struts2;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;
import com.apress.springrecipes.city.CityService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class DistanceAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6770573934287194873L;
private String srcCity;
private String destCity;
public String getSrcCity() {
return srcCity;
}
public void setSrcCity(String srcCity) {
this.srcCity = srcCity;
}
public String getDestCity() {
return destCity;
}
public void setDestCity(String destCity) {
this.destCity = destCity;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
//获取ServletContext对象
ServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();
/**
* 在Web容器中获取Spring容器
* 此方法需要一个ServletContext对象
*/
WebApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
//取得Service对象
CityService cityService = (CityService) ctx.getBean("cityService");
//调用Service
double distance = cityService.findDistance(srcCity, destCity);
//存值
ActionContext.getContext().put("distance", distance);
return SUCCESS;
}
}
struts.xml
<struts> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple" /> <package name="default" namespace="" extends="struts-default"> <action name="distanceAction" class="com.apress.springrecipes.city.struts2.DistanceAction"> <result name="success">/distance.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
这种方法Struts2并没有托管给Spring管理，只是在Action中通过Spring的容器获取Service而已。两者还是相对独立的。觉得还不算Struts与Spring集成吧，或者集成的不彻底吧。（哈，一家之言，欢迎拍转）。
第二种方法：
package com.apress.springrecipes.city.struts2;
import com.apress.springrecipes.city.CityService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class DistanceAction2 extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6770573934287194873L;
//注入Service
private CityService cityService;
public void setCityService(CityService cityService) {
this.cityService = cityService;
}
private String srcCity;
private String destCity;
public String getSrcCity() {
return srcCity;
}
public void setSrcCity(String srcCity) {
this.srcCity = srcCity;
}
public String getDestCity() {
return destCity;
}
public void setDestCity(String destCity) {
this.destCity = destCity;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
double distance = cityService.findDistance(srcCity, destCity);
// 存值
ActionContext.getContext().put("distance", distance);
return SUCCESS;
}
}
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple" /> <package name="default" namespace="" extends="struts-default"> <!-- 这里的class="distanceAction2"只是一个“伪类” 真正的实现类在Spring的beans.xml中定义 --> <action name="distanceAction2" class="distanceAction2"> <result name="success">/distance2.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
然后，beans.xml中要加入如下配置：
<!-- 第二种方法 --> <!-- 配置scope="prototype" (推荐) 或者 scope="request" 以保证每次请求都创建一个新的Action实例 --> <bean id="distanceAction2" class="com.apress.springrecipes.city.struts2.DistanceAction2" scope="prototype"> <property name="cityService" ref="cityService" /> </bean>
这次Action的实例由Spring创建管理，而需要的Service组件，则需要提供Service的Setter方法来注入进去来得到Service，即：所有的组件都在Spring中注册了，通通交由Spring管理了。