如何成为一名区块链工程师?

转自:http://blog.csdn.net/blockchain_lemon/article/details/79447639

春节前后,区块链再次刷爆我们的朋友圈,关注区块链的人正在以几何数集上升。大潮来临,一切都不同了,身怀绝技的程序员有了大展宏图的历史性机会,程序员们,是时候,毅然决然,懂点区块链技术了。

本文列举了关于区块链和数字加密技术的文章和资源,分为以下几个部分:构建区块和基础;基础(和历史);关键概念——包括特定课题(例如区块链治理);隐私和安全;扩展;共识算法、加密货币经济和投资;资金筹集和通证分布;去中心化交易所;稳定货币;加密货币经济原生产品(数字加密收藏品、管理市场、游戏)。最后,文章还提供了开发者教程、实践教程和人物事迹,以及其他资源,例如时事新闻和课程。干货满满哦!

构建区块和基础


区块链是啥?——回答其定义之前先理解它解决什么问题

Mohit Mamoria

https://hackernoon.com/wtf-is-the-blockchain-1da89ba19348


想知道比特币(和其他加密货币)的工作原理吗?

3Blue1Brown

https://youtu.be/bBC-nXj3Ng4


比特币协议的工作原理

Michael Nielsen

http://www.michaelnielsen.org/ddi/how-the-bitcoin-protocol-actually-works/


25分钟了解以太坊

Vitalik Buterin

https://youtu.be/66SaEDzlmP4


以太坊的工作原理:绕过复杂的数学解释以太坊在技术层面上的工作原理

Preethi Kasireddy

https://medium.com/@preethikasireddy/how-does-ethereum-work-anyway-22d1df506369


从比特币到区块链再到ICO,带您解开加密货币的奥秘

Alex Rampell

https://a16z.com/2017/12/08/summit-crypto-alex-rampell/


加密哈希函数:加密哈希函数的定义、属性……

Khan Academy

https://youtu.be/0WiTaBI82Mc


区块链入门:账本基础知识,区块链的重要性

Chris Berg、Sinclair Davidson、and Jason Potts

https://medium.com/@cryptoeconomics/the-blockchain-economy-a-beginners-guide-to-institutional-cryptoeconomics-64bf2f2beec4


以太坊基本术语:从gas到dapps(分布式应用)

Matt Condon

https://medium.com/@mattcondon/getting-up-to-speed-on-ethereum-63ed28821bbe


区块链及加密货币基本术语库:部分术语附简短定义

https://tangelo.co/insights/blog/techs-must-have-reference-guide-to-blockchain-and-cryptocurrency


加密资产入门指南系列:从以太坊到莱特币

Linda Xie

https://medium.com/@linda.xie/beginners-guide-series-on-cryptoassets-d897535d887 



基础与历史


比特币白皮书(2009):一种点对点的电子现金系统

中本聪

https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf


以太坊白皮书(2013+):下一代智能合约和去中心化应用平台

Vitalik Buterin等人

https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper


拜占庭将军问题(1982)

Leslie Lamport、Robert Shostak、Marshall Pease

https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~luca/cs174/byzantine.pdf


Agoric论文系列(1988)

Mark Miller and K. Eric Drexler

https://e-drexler.com/d/09/00/AgoricsPapers/agoricpapers.html


智能合约理念(1997)

Nick Szabo

http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/rob/Courses/InformationInSpeech/CDROM/Literature/LOTwinterschool2006/szabo.best.vwh.net/idea.html


比特币为何如此重要(2014)

Marc Andreessen

https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2014/01/21/why-bitcoin-matters/


比特币的学术渊源(2017)

Arvind Narayanan and Jeremy Clark

https://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=3136559



重要概念


漫谈比特币泡沫

Steven Johnson

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/16/magazine/beyond-the-bitcoin-bubble.html


加密通证:开放式网络设计的一个突破

Chris Dixon

https://medium.com/@cdixon/crypto-tokens-a-breakthrough-in-open-network-design-e600975be2ef 


加密通证和协议创新时代的到来

Albert Wenger

http://continuations.com/post/148098927445/crypto-tokens-and-the-coming-age-of-protocol 


“胖”协议

Joel Monegro

https://www.usv.com/blog/fat-protocols 


加密货币、应用货币及协议投资

Olaf Carson-Wee、Chris Dixon和Sonal Chokshi

https://a16z.com/2017/04/03/cryptocurrencies-protocols-appcoins/


让应用用于大众

Juan Benet and Chris Dixon

https://a16z.com/2017/09/14/networks-protocols-labs-tokens/


区块链:好在哪里: 包括智能合约

Ed Felten

http://freedom-to-tinker.com/2018/02/26/blockchain-what-is-it-good-for/


美国政府如何利用区块链打击诈骗

Kathryn Haun

https://youtu.be/507wn9VcSAE 


Bitcoin network effects比特币网络效应

Elad Gil

http://blog.eladgil.com/2017/12/bitcoin-network-effects_11.html


管理员:维护区块链网络的工作者如果设计合理的话,通证可以通过激励预期行为发挥驱动网络效应的作用

Ryan Zurrer

https://medium.com/@rzurrer/keepers-workers-that-maintain-blockchain-networks-a40182615b66


加密货币背后的主人:Nick Szabo对话Naval Ravikant

Tim Ferris

https://tim.blog/2017/06/04/nick-szabo/


加密通证为何重要

Fred Ehrsam、Chris Dixon

https://a16z.com/2017/09/28/cryptocurrencies-networks-tokens/


比特币为什么难以“获得”:区块链世界

Dhruv Bansal

https://blog.unchained-capital.com/blockchain-spectrum-806847e1c575


金钱、区块链和社会可扩展性

Nick Szabo

http://unenumerated.blogspot.com/2017/02/money-blockchains-and-social-scalability.html


如何理解“区块链是无情的”?

Preethi Kasireddy

https://medium.com/@preethikasireddy/eli5-what-do-we-mean-by-blockchains-are-trustless-aa420635d5f6 


去中心化为什么重要:从因特网时代到加密网络时代

Chris Dixon

https://medium.com/@cdixon/why-decentralization-matters-5e3f79f7638e


去中心化的含义:去中心化是指什么?细微差别,深度

Vitalik Buterin

https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/the-meaning-of-decentralization-a0c92b76a274


量化去中心化:我们必须在能够改进去中心化之前实现对区块链去中心化的衡量

Balaji Srinivasan、Leland Lee

https://news.earn.com/quantifying-decentralization-e39db233c28e


区块链的真相:给出区块链应用框架,帮助大企业高管理解区块链发展状态;战略投资;挑战,资源和区块链应用流程

Marco Iansiti、Karim Lakhani

https://hbr.org/2017/01/the-truth-about-blockchain


企业的慢速死亡

Nick Tomaino

https://thecontrol.co/the-slow-death-of-the-firm-1bd6cc81286b


以太坊的创造者Vitalik Buterin——思想大解放:区块链和加密货币世界的奇思妙想

Laura Shin

https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/unchained-big-ideas-from-worlds-blockchain-cryptocurrency/id1123922160


理解通证的思维模式

Nick Tomaino、Chris Dixon

https://a16z.com/2018/01/21/mental-models-tokens-crypto-trends/



区块链治理


非理性通证持有者的迷思:为什么区块链治理不属于任何现有模型

Kathleen Breitman

https://medium.com/@kathleenbreit/the-myth-of-the-irrational-token-holder-c12438709afd 


区块链治理:设计组件、方法、建议

Fred Ehrsam

https://medium.com/@FEhrsam/blockchain-governance-programming-our-future-c3bfe30f2d74


反对链上治理:反驳(及批判)上文

Vlad Zamfir

https://medium.com/@Vlad_Zamfir/against-on-chain-governance-a4ceacd040ca


论区块链治理和网络效应

Luke Duncan

https://blog.aragon.one/thoughts-on-governance-and-network-effects-f40fda3e3f98


区块链治理笔记

Vitalik Buterin

http://vitalik.ca/general/2017/12/17/voting.html


自我进化的加密账本:Tezos论文

Arthur、Kathleen Breitman

https://www.tezos.com/static/papers/position_paper.pdf



隐私和安全


区块链的隐私问题

Vitalik Buterin

https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/01/15/privacy-on-the-blockchain/


保护智能协议(系列):Solidity的6个漏洞隐患以及如何避免

来源:Loom

https://medium.com/loom-network/how-to-secure-your-smart-contracts-6-solidity-vulnerabilities-and-how-to-avoid-them-part-1-c33048d4d17d

https://medium.com/loom-network/how-to-secure-your-smart-contracts-6-solidity-vulnerabilities-and-how-to-avoid-them-part-2-730db0aa4834


以太坊智能协议最佳实践

ConsenSys Diligence

https://consensys.github.io/smart-contract-best-practices/


Town Crier:智能协议的一个经验证的数据馈送系统

Fan Zhang、Ethan Cecchetti、Kyle Croman、Ari Juels、Elaine Shi

https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/168.pdf


Devcon3专家组对形式化验证的讨论

Phil Daian、Everett Hildenbrandt、Yoichi Hirai、Loi Luu, 主持人:Reto Trinkler

https://youtu.be/DrDIcirrhWM


zk-SNARKs是什么?

Jay Graber

https://z.cash/technology/zksnarks.html


Zk-SNARKs背后的技术(系列):掌握zk-SNARKs(全称 Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge,即"简明非交互零知识证明")的基础知识

Vitalik Buterin

https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/zk-snarks-under-the-hood-b33151a013f6


可应用于多种场景(从可验证计算到保护隐私的加密货币)的通用技术

Vitalik Buterin

https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/11/09/starks_part_1.html


可扩展、透明、后量子加密计算完整性:用透明的zk-SNARKs (zk-STARKs)解决个人隐私和机构诚信之间的冲突

Eli Ben-Sasson, Iddo Bentov, Yinon Horesh, and Michael Riabzev

https://eprint.iacr.org/2018/046.pdf


简洁非交互式零知识证明的冯诺伊曼体系结构

Eli Ben-Sasson、Alessandro Chiesa、Eran Tromer和Madars Virza

https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/879.pdf



扩展


区块链无法扩展:至少现在不能,但是有希望

Preethi Kasireddy

https://hackernoon.com/blockchains-dont-scale-not-today-at-least-but-there-s-hope-2cb43946551a


扩展不可靠计算的模型

Kyle Samani

https://multicoin.capital/2018/02/23/models-scaling-trustless-computation/


平台货币不久将被淘汰:笔者认为五年之内市值最高的加密货币将成为一种应用通证

Aleksandr Bulkin

https://blog.coinfund.io/platform-currencies-may-soon-be-obsolete-78d9b263d902


Layer 2的重要性:比特币和区块链的一个超文本传送协议(HTTP)

Elizabeth Stark

https://youtu.be/3PcR4HWJnkY


闪电网络是什么,如何用它扩展比特币?

by Elizabeth Stark

https://coincenter.org/entry/what-is-the-lightning-network


理解以太坊Layer 2的扩展方法:状态通道、Plasma和Truebit

Josh Stark

https://medium.com/l4-media/making-sense-of-ethereums-layer-2-scaling-solutions-state-channels-plasma-and-truebit-22cb40dcc2f4


扩展Tezos:用递归SNARKs(知识的简洁非交互式零知识证明)进行扩展

Arthur Breitman

https://hackernoon.com/scaling-tezo-8de241dd91bd


以太坊基金研究项目:纯研究和应用研究领域的主要课题

Ethereum Foundation

http://notes.eth.sg/CwIwZgbAjADAxgUwLQEMUIKxOCsWCcIEwShAHCgEwJj4qyVA


以太坊可扩展性研究和开发补贴计划

Vitalik Buterin

https://blog.ethereum.org/2018/01/02/ethereum-scalability-research-development-subsidy-programs/


以太坊入门指南

Tendermint

https://blog.cosmos.network/a-beginners-guide-to-ethermint-38ee15f8a6f4


plasma链0x1的构造

David Knott

https://blog.omisego.network/construction-of-a-plasma-chain-0x1-614f6ebd1612


以太坊中的账户、交易、gas和区块gas限制

Hudson Jameson

https://hudsonjameson.com/2017-06-27-accounts-transactions-gas-ethereum/


Interplanetary linked计算:将Merkle计算从区块链计算场(computational courts)中分离出来:

Simon de la Rouviere

https://media.consensys.net/interplanetary-linked-computing-separating-merkle-computing-from-blockchain-computational-courts-1ade201ecf8a


以太坊分片:概述和最终确定性

Hsiao-Wei Wang

https://medium.com/@icebearhww/ethereum-sharding-and-finality-65248951f649



共识算法


共识算法的计较:Casper vs. Tendermint;Tendermint BFT vs. EOS dPoS:

来源:Tendermint

https://blog.cosmos.network/consensus-compare-casper-vs-tendermint-6df154ad56ae

https://blog.cosmos.network/consensus-compare-tendermint-bft-vs-eos-dpos-46c5bca7204b


以太坊 Casper 101

Jon Choi

https://medium.com/@jonchoi/ethereum-casper-101-7a851a4f1eb0


Casper的历史(系列)

Vlad Zamfir

https://medium.com/@Vlad_Zamfir/the-history-of-casper-part-1-59233819c9a9


比特币和以太坊的去中心化

Adem Efe Gencer、Soumya Basu、Ittay Eyal、Robbert van Renesse、Emin Gün Sirer

http://hackingdistributed.com/2018/01/15/decentralization-bitcoin-ethereum/


在共识上寻找共识:DPOS(委任权益证明)和两将军问题

Ian Grigg

https://steemit.com/eos/@iang/seeking-consensus-on-consensus-dpos-or-delegated-proof-of-stake-and-the-two-generals-problem


状态设计理念的证明

Vitalik Buterin

https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/a-proof-of-stake-design-philosophy-506585978d51


通胀和参与基于股份的通证协议

Doug Petkanics

https://medium.com/@petkanics/inflation-and-participation-in-stake-based-token-protocols-1593688612bf



加密货币和投资


理解加密货币:术语和概念

Josh Stark

https://hackernoon.com/making-sense-of-cryptoeconomics-5edea77e4e8d


应用机制设计速成课:理解cryptoeconomic的基本技术

来源:BlockChannel

https://medium.com/blockchannel/a-crash-course-in-mechanism-design-for-cryptoeconomic-applications-a9f06ab6a976


加密资产估值:加密资产估值理论和框架

Chris Burniske

https://medium.com/@cburniske/cryptoasset-valuations-ac83479ffca7


一位(机构)投资人对加密资产的理解

John Pfeffer

https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/john-pfeffer/An+Investor%27s+Take+on+Cryptoassets+v6.pdf


对之前留言的评论:网络效应?货币的特性的可编程性

Kyle Samani

https://twitter.com/KyleSamani/status/943277077037506560


价值、velocity和货币理论:估值加密资产的一种新方法

Alex Evans

https://medium.com/blockchannel/on-value-velocity-and-monetary-theory-a-new-approach-to-cryptoasset-valuations-32c9b22e3b6f


交易媒介通证估值

Vitalik Buterin

http://vitalik.ca/general/2017/10/17/moe.html


理解通证velocity

Kyle Samani

https://multicoin.capital/2017/12/08/understanding-token-velocity/


新通证估值流程

Nick Tomaino

https://thecontrol.co/our-process-for-evaluating-new-tokens-4627ed97f500


通证分类框架:用于理解和分类加密通证的多维工具

Thomas Euler

http://www.untitled-inc.com/the-token-classification-framework-a-multi-dimensional-tool-for-understanding-and-classifying-crypto-tokens/


胖协议不是投资命题

Jake Brukhman

https://blog.coinfund.io/fat-protocols-are-not-an-investment-thesis-17c8837c2734


有利益在其中的比特币

Ryan Selkis

https://medium.com/tbis-weekly-bits/skin-in-the-game-coins-da0afdfdc650 



资金筹集和通证分布


对通证的思考

Balaji Srinivasan

https://news.earn.com/thoughts-on-tokens-436109aabcbe


资助区块链的进化

Fred Ehrsam

https://medium.com/@FEhrsam/funding-the-evolution-of-blockchains-87d160988481


用于众筹的比特币模型

Naval Ravikant

https://startupboy.com/2014/03/09/the-bitcoin-model-for-crowdfunding/


如何为经济网络构建 bonding curve:搭建健康社区的一种新的通证分布机制,这是一篇技术入门文章

Slava Balasanov

https://hackernoon.com/how-to-make-bonding-curves-for-continuous-token-models-3784653f8b17


将股份通证(staking token)从费用通证中分离出来:介绍Photon(Hard Spoon解释的)

Tendermint

https://blog.cosmos.network/cosmos-fee-token-introducing-the-photon-8a62b2f51aa


解释DAICOs

Vitalik Buterin

https://ethresear.ch/t/explanation-of-daicos/465


The SAFT Project

https://saftproject.com/


监管环境和考虑因素:Coin Center提供的更新和解释

https://coincenter.org/our-work



去中心化交易所


去中心化交易所的发展状态(2018)

Nathan Sexer

https://media.consensys.net/state-of-decentralized-exchanges-2018-276dad340c79


网络式资产流动性(Networked liquidity):解决“鸡生蛋蛋生鸡”问题的项目

Radar Relay

https://medium.com/radarrelay/networked-liquidity-2030d85af897


去中心化交易所名单:加密货币和通证(不包括表示去中心化程度的column)

https://github.com/PYMERVAL/decentradexchange



Stablecoins


Stablecoins:数字货币的圣杯

Nick Tomaino

https://thecontrol.co/stablecoins-a-holy-grail-in-digital-currency-b64f3371e111


Stablecoins概论

Myles Snider

https://multicoin.capital/2018/01/17/an-overview-of-stablecoins/


寻找稳定的加密货币

Vitalik Buterin

https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/11/11/search-stable-cryptocurrency/


小白入门:直白解释Dai stablecoin

Gregory DiPrisco

https://medium.com/cryptolinks/maker-for-dummies-a-plain-english-explanation-of-the-dai-stablecoin-e4481d79b90



加密货币入门


通证词典:与管理市场和加密收藏品相关的流行词

Billy Rennekamp

https://medium.com/@billyrennekamp/token-lexicon-b4ed9a4ce363


介绍管理市场:表情包(memes)和信息的交易流行度(附有代码!)

Simon de la Rouviere

https://medium.com/@simondlr/introducing-curation-markets-trade-popularity-of-memes-information-with-code-70bf6fed9881


管理市场:(系列推文)——管理市场的总结和启示

Fred Ehrsam

https://twitter.com/FEhrsam/status/958388803655184386


管理市场的初期UI(系列推文):目录和一些使用市场管理人类可阅读信息的项目

Jesse Walden

https://twitter.com/jessewldn/status/958733889643696128


通证组织注册表(Token-curated registries):对通证组织注册表的严肃看法(较少涉及数学)

Mike Goldin

https://medium.com/@ilovebagels/token-curated-registries-1-0-61a232f8dac7


在以太网区块链上构建「经济网络的Google」

Maciej Olpinski

https://blog.userfeeds.io/building-google-for-the-economic-web-on-the-ethereum-blockchain-de27cb3d23b


智能媒体通证

来源:Steemit

https://smt.steem.io/smt-whitepaper.pdf


死不了的数字宠物

Elaine Ou

https://elaineou.com/2017/12/03/digital-pets-that-dont-die/


数字加密货币会成为艺术市场的下一个宠儿吗?

Scott Reyburn

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/13/arts/cryptocurrency-art-market.html


数字收藏品和“数字产品(digibles)的怪异未来”

Josh Stark

https://hackernoon.com/digital-collectibles-and-the-weird-future-of-digibles-f75f4bf0f9aa


数字收藏品是XLNT,没人知道接下来是什么

Matt Condon

https://medium.com/xlnt-art/cryptocollectibles-are-xlnt-but-nobody-knows-whats-next-a7892b311637


异想天开:当把数字加密资产与表情包和交易卡结合起来会发生什么

Fred Wilson

http://avc.com/2017/05/rare-pepe/



开发者教程、实践指南和人物事迹


通过打造你自己的游戏来学习编码以太坊去中心化应用(dapps):适合(即使从未用Solidity编程过的)Solidity初学者学习

https://cryptozombies.io/


如何在以太坊上编码你自己的数字加密宠物猫风格的游戏

James Martin Duffy

https://medium.com/loom-network/how-to-code-your-own-cryptokitties-style-game-on-ethereum-7c8ac86a4eb3


Learning Solidity — commit-reveal voting学习Solidity

Karl Floersch

https://karl.tech/learning-solidity-part-2-voting/


以太坊智能合约入门指南

Manuel Araoz

https://blog.zeppelin.solutions/the-hitchhikers-guide-to-smart-contracts-in-ethereum-848f08001f05 


用实例带你入门zk-SNARKs:从实践的角度概述zk-SNARKs

Christian Lundkvist

https://media.consensys.net/introduction-to-zksnarks-with-examples-3283b554fc3b


zkSNARKs:初学者实践指南——教你如何创造、证明、验证合约的初学者实践指南

Joseph Stockermans

https://github.com/jstoxrocky/zksnarks_example


Epicenter:多个区块链项目负责人的访谈

https://epicenter.tv/episodes/


The Ceremony ——讲述Zcash、 Morgen Peck、Peter Todd、 Peter Van Valkenburgh、 Zooko Wilcox等人的故事;主持人:Molly Webster和Matt Kielty

http://www.radiolab.org/story/ceremony/



其他资源——时事新闻


以太坊一周新闻:跟踪报道以太坊生态系统的动态

Evan Van Ness

http://www.weekinethereum.com/


The Control:致力于将控制权交给普罗大众的企业家、项目和协议

1confirmation

https://www.getrevue.co/profile/control


Token Economy :追踪报道分布式账本技术发展动态

Stefano Bernardi、 Yannick Roux

https://tokeneconomy.co/


Proof of Work:项目和加密技术的进展以及中国在这方面的看法

Eric Meltzer

https://tinyletter.com/proofofwork/archive



课程资源


数字加密货币(2018)

Susan Athey 、Kathryn Haun

http://explorecourses.stanford.edu/search?view=catalog&filter-coursestatus-Active=on&q=MGTECON%20515:%20Cryptocurrency&academicYear=20172018


比特币和数字加密货币技术(2015)

Arvind Narayan、Joseph Bonneau、Edward Felten、Andrew Miller

https://piazza.com/princeton/spring2015/btctech/home


计算机科学前沿课题:比特币和数字加密货币技术(2014)

Arvind Narayan

http://randomwalker.info/teaching/fall-2014-bitcoin/


应用数字加密货币研究生课程(2017)

Dan Boneh、Victor Shoup

http://toc.cryptobook.us/


原文作者:Sonal Chokshi, Chris Dixon, Denis Nazarov, Jesse Walden, and Ali Yahya

链接:https://a16z.com/2018/02/10/crypto-readings-resources/

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