Linux服务器用yum安装中文包 (实际案例详细记录)
背景：报表升级后，R135版本报表的图中汉字无法正常显示。
解决方案：用yum重新安装中文包。
环境限制：无Internet链接，纯内网。报表服务器上面的OS为 RHEL 5.4。
必备的材料：RHEL_5.4的安装镜像。
过程描述：
重新安装报表服务器的中文包，配置yum源，用yum安装一下中文安装包。详细的配置过程如下：
(1)用Xftp将 D:\MySoftware\linux\linux5.4_32 目录下的 RHEL_5.4 i386 DV.iso 镜像 上传到报表服务器 /opt 目录下。
(2)进入 /mnt 目录，创建挂载点。
cd /mnt
mkdir rhel
(3)挂载镜像
mount -o loop /opt/RHEL_5.4 i386DV.iso /mnt/rhel/
挂载完后，先退出rhel，之后再进去这个目录，用 ls 查看。 里面能看到很多安装包文件。
(4)进入 /etc/yum.repos.d/ 目录， 创建 yum.repo 文件
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
vim yum.repo
向yum.repo文件中添加以下内容:
[rhel5u4]
name=rhel5u4
baseurl=file:///mnt/rhel/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
保存退出。
(5) 执行 yum clean all 命令
(6)执行 yum list 命令查看
(7)执行 yum groupinstall chinese-support -y命令。安装完成后，重启 报表服务器， 图表中的汉字可以正常显示了。
ps: 安装单个 安装包 可以用 yuminstall fonts-chinese.noarch -y
-------------------------------以下为在网上找到的yum命令----------------------------------------
yum list
yum list installed
yum list available
yum search apache
yum install httpd//安装
yum remove httpd //卸载
yum update yum//先删除老版本的yum，在安装新版本的yum
yum history //查看yum的所有操作
-------------------------------以下为在RHEL 6.5联网环境下的yum group命令----------------------------------------
Why use yum groups?
(1)Simplify installation of related packages
(2)One command installs many related packages
Prerequisite: (1) Administrator (root) access (2)Internet access
yum grouplist : to view available package groups
yum grouplist | grep web : use a grep filter to look for specific groups
yum groupinstall"Web Server" : to install a group of packages
yum groupremove -y "Web Server" : to remove the newly installed group of packages
-------------------------------以下为在Fedora环境下的yum语言支持命令----------------------------------------
To install any language support in your Fedora Desktop you need to use following command
yum groupinstall-support yum langinstall
e.g. to install simplified-chinese-support language support use
yum groupinstall simplified-chinese-support yum langinstall zh_CN
To remove any language support in your Fedora Desktop you need to use following command
yum groupremove-support yum langremove
e.g. to remove Hindi language support use
yum groupremove hindi-support yum langremove hi_IN
Yum Language Support
| Country | yum language group | locale code |
| Afrikaans(SouthAfrica) | af_ZA | |
| Albanian | sq_AL | |
| Arabic(Algeria) | arabic-support | ar_DZ |
| Arabic(Bahrain) | arabic-support | ar_BH |
| Arabic(Egypt) | arabic-support | ar_EG |
| Arabic(India) | arabic-support | ar_IN |
| Arabic(Iraq) | arabic-support | ar_IQ |
| Arabic(Jordan) | arabic-support | ar_JO |
| Arabic(Kuwait) | arabic-support | ar_KW |
| Arabic(Lebanon) | arabic-support | ar_LB |
| Arabic(LibyanArabJamahiriya) | arabic-support | ar_LY |
| Arabic(Morocco) | arabic-support | ar_MA |
| Arabic(Oman) | arabic-support | ar_OM |
| Arabic(Qatar) | arabic-support | ar_QA |
| Arabic(SaudiArabia) | arabic-support | ar_SA |
| Arabic(Sudan) | arabic-support | ar_SD |
| Arabic(SyrianArabRepublic) | arabic-support | ar_SY |
| Arabic(Tunisia) | arabic-support | ar_TN |
| Arabic(UnitedArabEmirates) | arabic-support | ar_AE |
| Arabic(Yemen) | arabic-support | ar_YE |
| Assamese(India) | assamese-support | as_IN |
| Asturian(Spain) | ast_ES | |
| Basque(Spain) | eu_ES | |
| Belarusian | be_BY | |
| Bengali(BD) | bengali-support | bn_BD |
| Bengali(India) | bengali-support | bn_IN |
| Bosnian(BosniaandHerzegowina) | bs_BA | |
| Breton(France) | br_FR | |
| Bulgarian-Български | bg_BG | |
| Catalan(Spain) | ca_ES | |
| Chinese(HongKong) | zh_HK | |
| Chinese(P.R.ofChina)-中文(简体) | simplified-chinese-support | zh_CN |
| Chinese(Taiwan)-傳統漢語 | traditional-chinese-support | zh_TW |
| Cornish(Britain) | kw_GB | |
| Croatian | hr_HR | |
| Czech-Českárepublika | cs_CZ | |
| Danish-Dansk | da_DK | |
| Dutch(Belgium) | nl_BE | |
| Dutch(Netherlands) | nl_NL | |
| English(Australia) | en_AU | |
| English(Botswana) | en_BW | |
| English(Canada) | en_CA | |
| English(Denmark) | en_DK | |
| English(GreatBritain) | en_GB | |
| English(HongKong) | en_HK | |
| English(India) | en_IN | |
| English(Ireland) | en_IE | |
| English(NewZealand) | en_NZ | |
| English(Philippines) | en_PH | |
| English(Singapore) | en_SG | |
| English(SouthAfrica) | en_ZA | |
| English(USA) | en_US | |
| English(Zimbabwe) | en_ZW | |
| Estonian | et_EE | |
| Faroese(FaroeIslands) | fo_FO | |
| Finnish | finnish-support | fi_FI |
| French(Belgium) | fr_BE | |
| French(Canada) | fr_CA | |
| French(France)-Français | fr_FR | |
| French(Luxemburg) | fr_LU | |
| French(Switzerland) | fr_CH | |
| Galician(Spain) | gl_ES | |
| German(Austria) | de_AT | |
| German(Belgium) | de_BE | |
| German(Germany)-Deutsch | de_DE | |
| LowGerman(Germany)-Deutsch | nds_DE | |
| German(Luxemburg) | de_LU | |
| German(Switzerland) | de_CH | |
| Greek | greek-support | el_GR |
| Greenlandic(Greenland) | kl_GL | |
| Gujarati(India) | gujarati-support | gu_IN |
| Hebrew(Israel) | hebrew-support | he_IL |
| Hindi(India) | hindi-support | hi_IN |
| Hungarian | hu_HU | |
| Icelandic-Íslenska | is_IS | |
| Indonesian | id_ID | |
| Irish | ga_IE | |
| Italian(Italy)Italiano | it_IT | |
| Italian(Switzerland) | it_CH | |
| Japanese-日本語 | japanese-support | ja_JP |
| Kannada(India) | kannada-support | kn_IN |
| Kashmiri(India) | kashmiri-support | ks_IN |
| Korean(RepublicofKorea)-한국어 | korean-support | ko_KR |
| Lao(Laos) | lo_LA | |
| Latvian(Latvia) | lv_LV | |
| Lithuanian | lt_LT | |
| Macedonian | mk_MK | |
| Maithili(India) | maithili-support | mai_IN |
| Malayalam(India) | malayalam-support | ml_IN |
| Malay(Malaysia) | ms_MY | |
| Maltese(malta) | mt_MT | |
| ManxGaelic(Britain) | gv_GB | |
| Marathi(India) | marathi-support | mr_IN |
| NorthernSaami(Norway) | se_NO | |
| Nepali(Nepal) | nepali-support | ne_NP |
| Norwegian-Norsk | nb_NO | |
| Norwegian,Nynorsk(Norway)-Norsk | nn_NO | |
| Occitan(France) | oc_FR | |
| Oriya(India) | oriya-support | or_IN |
| Persian(Iran) | persian-support | fa_IR |
| Polish | pl_PL | |
| Portuguese(Brasil) | pt_BR | |
| Portuguese(Portugal)-Português | pt_PT | |
| Punjabi(India) | punjabi-support | pa_IN |
| Romanian | ro_RO | |
| Russian-Русский | russian-support | ru_RU |
| Russian(Ukraine) | russian-support | ru_UA |
| Serbian | sr_RS | |
| Serbian(Latin) | sr_RS.UTF-8@latin | |
| Sinhala | sinhala-support | si_LK |
| Slovak | sk_SK | |
| Slovenian(Slovenia)-slovenščina | sl_SI | |
| Spanish(Argentina) | es_AR | |
| Spanish(Bolivia) | es_BO | |
| Spanish(Chile) | es_CL | |
| Spanish(Colombia) | es_CO | |
| Spanish(CostaRica) | es_CR | |
| Spanish(DominicanRepublic) | es_DO | |
| Spanish(ElSalvador) | es_SV | |
| Spanish(Equador) | es_EC | |
| Spanish(Guatemala) | es_GT | |
| Spanish(Honduras) | es_HN | |
| Spanish(Mexico) | es_MX | |
| Spanish(Nicaragua) | es_NI | |
| Spanish(Panama) | es_PA | |
| Spanish(Paraguay) | es_PY | |
| Spanish(Peru) | es_PE | |
| Spanish(PuertoRico) | es_PR | |
| Spanish(Spain)-Español | es_ES | |
| Spanish(USA) | es_US | |
| Spanish(Uruguay) | es_UY | |
| Spanish(Venezuela) | es_VE | |
| Swedish(Finland) | sv_FI | |
| Swedish(Sweden)-Svenska | sv_SE | |
| Tagalog(Philippines) | tl_PH | |
| Tamil(India) | tamil-support | ta_IN |
| Telugu(India) | telugu-support | te_IN |
| Thai | thai-support | th_TH |
| Turkish | tr_TR | |
| Ukrainian | uk_UA | |
| Urdu(Pakistan) | urdu-support | ur_PK |
| Uzbek(Uzbekistan) | uz_UZ | |
| Vietnamese | vi_VN | |
| Walloon(Belgium) | wa_BE@euro | |
| Welsh(GreatBritain) | cy_GB | |
| Xhosa(SouthAfrica) | xh_ZA | |
| Zulu(SouthAfrica) | zu_ZA |
-------------------------------以下为在linux下用yum安装亚洲的语言支持----------------------------------------
In newer versions of RHEL, such as RHEL 6 (CentOS 6 specifically), the language font group packages are no longer available. Instead, these releases have “groupinstall” lists which bundle multiple packages together. In order to see all language packages available through this interface, you can type the following command:
# yum grouplist
This will output all group packages, the last section of which is “Available Language Groups”. Note that some packs may already be installed, in which case, they will be visible under “Installed Language Packs” at the top of the list. In this case, “chinese-fonts” is now “Chinese Support”.
To install this package, run the following command:
# yum groupinstall "Chinese Support"
# yum groupinstall "Japanese Support" # yum groupinstall "Korean Support" # yum groupinstall "Kannada Support" # yum groupinstall "Hindi Support"