IDEA 配合使用maven 的一些技巧

IntelliJ IDEA 配合 Maven 的一些技巧

环境

• IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1
• Maven 3.3.9
• Nexus 3.2.1

学习前提

• 了解 Maven 配置的基本用法
• 了解私有仓库，比如 nexus 的一些概念
• 强烈建议把 Maven 的 settings.xml 文件同时放在：%USER_HOME%/.m2/settings.xml 和 ${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml两个地方。避免使用终端的时候默认去调用用户目录下的

Maven 中的 profile

• Maven 中有一个概念叫做：profile，它的诞生主要是为了解决不同环境所需的不同变量、配置等问题。
• 有了 profile，可以根据激活的条件，启动不同条件下的配置信息。
• profile 是可以有多个的，也可以同时激活多个 profile，方便自由组合。
• profile 一般可以在三个地方：settings.xml，pom.xml，profiles.xml（这个不常用）
• 在 settings.xml 上，一般大家用来做仓库的选择，比如以下 settings.xml 代码：

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">

    <localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repositorylocalRepository>

    <pluginGroups>
    pluginGroups>

    <proxies>
    proxies>

    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>nexusid>
            <repositories>
                <repository>
                    <id>nexusid>
                    <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                repository>
            repositories>
            <pluginRepositories>
                <pluginRepository>
                    <id>nexusid>
                    <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                pluginRepository>
            pluginRepositories>
        profile>
        <profile>
            <id>aliyunid>
            <repositories>
                <repository>
                    <id>aliyunid>
                    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                repository>
            repositories>
            <pluginRepositories>
                <pluginRepository>
                    <id>aliyunid>
                    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                pluginRepository>
            pluginRepositories>
        profile>
    profiles>

    <activeProfiles>
        <activeProfile>nexusactiveProfile>
    activeProfiles>

settings>

• 以上代码中 profile 就做一件事：设置全局的 profile，一个是 nexus 仓库，一个是 aliyun 仓库，默认激活的是 nexus 仓库。（activeProfiles）
• 在 pom.xml 中，一般用来激活环境配置，比如以下代码：

<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>devid>
        <properties>
            <package.environment>devpackage.environment>
        properties>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>trueactiveByDefault>
        activation>
        <build>
            <resources>
                <resource>
                    <directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*include>
                    includes>
                    <filtering>truefiltering>
                resource>
                <resource>
                    <directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}directory>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*include>
                    includes>
                    <filtering>truefiltering>
                resource>
            resources>
            <finalName>${project.artifactId}finalName>
        build>
    profile>
    <profile>
        <id>productid>
        <properties>
            <package.environment>productpackage.environment>
        properties>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>falseactiveByDefault>
        activation>
        <build>
            <resources>
                <resource>
                    <directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*include>
                    includes>
                    <filtering>truefiltering>
                resource>
                <resource>
                    <directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}directory>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*include>
                    includes>
                    <filtering>truefiltering>
                resource>
            resources>
            <finalName>${project.artifactId}finalName>
        build>
    profile>
profiles>

• 以上代码中 profile 就做一件事：打包的时候，默认是 dev 模式，打包 src/main/env/dev 下的配置文件，如果选择 product 则打包 src/main/env/product 下的配置文件

IntelliJ IDEA 使用 Maven Profile 的案例

• 在 IntelliJ IDEA 上调用 profile 简单，如下图勾选对应的复选框即可，可以多选。

• 只使用 aliyun 仓库可以这样配置 settings.xml：

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">

    <localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repositorylocalRepository>

    <pluginGroups>
    pluginGroups>

    <proxies>
    proxies>

    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>aliyunid>
            <repositories>
                <repository>
                    <id>aliyunid>
                    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                repository>
            repositories>
            <pluginRepositories>
                <pluginRepository>
                    <id>aliyunid>
                    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                pluginRepository>
            pluginRepositories>
        profile>
    profiles>

    <activeProfiles>
        <activeProfile>aliyunactiveProfile>
    activeProfiles>

settings>

• 使用 nexus + aliyun 仓库可以这样配置 settings.xml：

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">

    <localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repositorylocalRepository>

    <pluginGroups>
    pluginGroups>

    <proxies>
    proxies>

    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>nexusid>
            <repositories>
                <repository>
                    <id>nexusid>
                    <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                repository>
            repositories>
            <pluginRepositories>
                <pluginRepository>
                    <id>nexusid>
                    <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                pluginRepository>
            pluginRepositories>
        profile>
        <profile>
            <id>aliyunid>
            <repositories>
                <repository>
                    <id>aliyunid>
                    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                repository>
            repositories>
            <pluginRepositories>
                <pluginRepository>
                    <id>aliyunid>
                    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>trueenabled>
                    snapshots>
                pluginRepository>
            pluginRepositories>
        profile>
    profiles>

    <activeProfiles>
        <activeProfile>nexusactiveProfile>
    activeProfiles>

settings>