Unity3d--让我们的小坦克动起来

一、Tank的movement 源码解读

我将一些理解补充在代码的注释里了

using UnityEngine;

public class TankMovement : MonoBehaviour
{
    public int m_PlayerNumber = 1;              // Used to identify which tank belongs to which player.  This is set by this tank's manager.
    public float m_Speed = 12f;                 // How fast the tank moves forward and back.
    public float m_TurnSpeed = 180f;            // How fast the tank turns in degrees per second.
    public AudioSource m_MovementAudio;         // Reference to the audio source used to play engine sounds. NB: different to the shooting audio source.
    public AudioClip m_EngineIdling;            // Audio to play when the tank isn't moving.
    public AudioClip m_EngineDriving;           // Audio to play when the tank is moving.
    public float m_PitchRange = 0.2f;           // The amount by which the pitch of the engine noises can vary.


    private string m_MovementAxisName;          // The name of the input axis for moving forward and back.
    private string m_TurnAxisName;              // The name of the input axis for turning.
    private Rigidbody m_Rigidbody;              // Reference used to move the tank.
    private float m_MovementInputValue;         // The current value of the movement input.
    private float m_TurnInputValue;             // The current value of the turn input.
    private float m_OriginalPitch;              // The pitch of the audio source at the start of the scene.


    private void Awake()
    {
        m_Rigidbody = GetComponent();  // 一个component是所有挂载在gameobject上的属性的基类，其派生类包括 rigidbody等等，在Unity3dUI界面可以手段add a component，然后在该gameobject的脚本中调用getcomponent将设置好的信息赋给派生类实例
    }


    private void OnEnable()
    {
        // When the tank is turned on, make sure it's not kinematic.
        m_Rigidbody.isKinematic = false;  // 迅速变成布娃娃，不受外力影响，完全受控于刚体

        // Also reset the input values.
        m_MovementInputValue = 0f;
        m_TurnInputValue = 0f;
    }


    private void OnDisable()
    {
        // When the tank is turned off, set it to kinematic so it stops moving.
        m_Rigidbody.isKinematic = true;
    }


    private void Start()
    {
        // The axes names are based on player number.
        m_MovementAxisName = "Vertical" + m_PlayerNumber;
        m_TurnAxisName = "Horizontal" + m_PlayerNumber;

        // Store the original pitch of the audio source.
        m_OriginalPitch = m_MovementAudio.pitch;
    }


    private void Update()
    {
        // Store the value of both input axes.
        m_MovementInputValue = Input.GetAxis(m_MovementAxisName);
        m_TurnInputValue = Input.GetAxis(m_TurnAxisName);
        FixedUpdate ();
        EngineAudio();
    }


    private void EngineAudio()
    {
        // If there is no input (the tank is stationary)...
        if (Mathf.Abs(m_MovementInputValue) < 0.1f && Mathf.Abs(m_TurnInputValue) < 0.1f)
        {
            // ... and if the audio source is currently playing the driving clip...
            if (m_MovementAudio.clip == m_EngineDriving)
            {
                // ... change the clip to idling and play it.
                m_MovementAudio.clip = m_EngineIdling;
                m_MovementAudio.pitch = Random.Range(m_OriginalPitch - m_PitchRange, m_OriginalPitch + m_PitchRange);
                m_MovementAudio.Play();
            }
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise if the tank is moving and if the idling clip is currently playing...
            if (m_MovementAudio.clip == m_EngineIdling)
            {
                // ... change the clip to driving and play.
                m_MovementAudio.clip = m_EngineDriving;
                m_MovementAudio.pitch = Random.Range(m_OriginalPitch - m_PitchRange, m_OriginalPitch + m_PitchRange);
                m_MovementAudio.Play();
            }
        }
    }


    private void FixedUpdate()
    {
        // Adjust the rigidbodies position and orientation in FixedUpdate.
        Move();
        Turn();
    }


    private void Move()
    {
        // Create a vector in the direction the tank is facing with a magnitude based on the input, speed and the time between frames.
        Vector3 movement = transform.forward * m_MovementInputValue * m_Speed * Time.deltaTime;

        // Apply this movement to the rigidbody's position.
        m_Rigidbody.MovePosition(m_Rigidbody.position + movement);
    }


    private void Turn()
    {
        // Determine the number of degrees to be turned based on the input, speed and time between frames.
        float turn = m_TurnInputValue * m_TurnSpeed * Time.deltaTime;

        // Make this into a rotation in the y axis.
        Quaternion turnRotation = Quaternion.Euler(0f, turn, 0f);

        // Apply this rotation to the rigidbody's rotation.
        m_Rigidbody.MoveRotation(m_Rigidbody.rotation * turnRotation);
    }
}

TANK的前后运动模块主要是以下代码

m_MovementAxisName = "Vertical" + m_PlayerNumber;  //1
m_MovementInputValue = Input.GetAxis(m_MovementAxisName);  //2
Vector3 movement = transform.forward * m_MovementInputValue * m_Speed * Time.deltaTime; //3

2、Input.GetAxis();函数主要有两种用法：

这里是键盘操作类型：输入了string类型”Verticl“，这里可能就有疑问了，verticl为什么能实现ws建物体z轴上的前后移动：答案见下图：

在input的设置中预定义的，我猜测unity3d中是采取某种宏定义实现的

m_MovementInputValue为float类型的数字(-1,1)，transform.forward是一个三元向量（1，0，0）其和速度、时间、设置轴上移动的比例的积就是forward方向上移动的距离（z轴）