win10编译mod_wsgi，基于Python3.5和Apache2.4.39

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摘要

本文记述如何在windows 10上编译mod_wsgi ( Python3.5 + Apache-2.4.39 )

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环境

• win 10
• Apache-2.4.39 - https://www.apachelounge.com/download/
• Python-3.5
• Visual Studio 2019 (含c++开发组件)
• mod_wsgi - https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/mod_wsgi [ 时效性: 本文用到的源码下载于 2019-06-15 ]

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注意 - Python >= 3.7会导致编译失败

mod_wsgi的源码中存在如下内容, 而python37.lib文件中不存在函数PyOS_AfterFork_Child()，这就会导致使用的Python版本大于等于3.7都会导致编译失败，并在链接时提示错误 ：无法解析的外部符号。
因此，本文使用Python 3.5 进行mod_wsgi的编译

    if (wsgi_python_initialized && !wsgi_python_after_fork) {
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION > 3 || (PY_MAJOR_VERSION == 3 && PY_MINOR_VERSION >= 7)
        PyOS_AfterFork_Child();
#else
        PyOS_AfterFork();
#endif
    }

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编译方法

1. 找到编译器 cl.exe， 将其位置写入用户环境变量PATH中。注意，请保证所有组件的位数一致，如均为64位，或均为32位。例如，在64位机器上编译64位程序，需要使用 …MSVC编译器目录\bin\Hostx64\x64\cl.exe

2. 在 https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/mod_wsgi 下载mod_wsgi源码，解压到当前文件夹

3. 进入目录mod_wsgi/win32/，此目录存放编译mod_wsgi需要的Makefile文件，但到2019/06/15为止，里面没有使用VS 2019和Python 3.5的Makefile，因此，接下来需要做三件事

   • 复制"ap24py34-win64-VC10.mk"，重命名为"ap24py35-win64-VC16.mk"
   • 复制"common-VC10.mk"，重命名为"common-VC16.mk"
   • 复制"build-win64-VC10.bat"，重命名为"build-win64-VC16.bat"

4. 修改ap24py35-win64-VC16.mk为如下内容

   APACHE_ROOTDIR = Apache2.4的文件夹路径
   
   PYTHON_ROOTDIR = Python3.5的文件夹路径
   PYTHON_VERSION = 35
   
   MSVC_INCLUDE = MSVC编译器的头文件路径
   MSVC_LIB = MSVC编译器的库文件路径
   
   WINSDK_INCLUDE_UM = windows sdk的um头文件路径
   WINSDK_INCLUDE_UCRT = windows sdk的ucrt头文件路径
   WINSDK_INCLUDE_SHARE = windows sdk的shared头文件路径
   
   WINSDK_LIB_UCRT = windows sdk的ucrt库文件路径
   WINSDK_LIB_UM = windows sdk的um库文件路径
   
   include common-VC16.mk
   
   

   示例:

   APACHE_ROOTDIR = D:\App-Server\Apache24.39-Win64-VS16\Apache24
   
   PYTHON_ROOTDIR = D:\Dev\Python\Python35
   PYTHON_VERSION = 35
   
   MSVC_INCLUDE = C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.20.27508\include
   MSVC_LIB = C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.20.27508\lib\x64
   
   WINSDK_INCLUDE_UM = C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.17763.0\um
   WINSDK_INCLUDE_UCRT = C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.17763.0\ucrt
   WINSDK_INCLUDE_SHARE = C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.17763.0\shared
   
   WINSDK_LIB_UCRT = C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Lib\10.0.17763.0\ucrt\x64
   WINSDK_LIB_UM = C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Lib\10.0.17763.0\um\x64
   
   include common-VC16.mk
   
   

5. 修改 common-VC16.mk为如下内容

   CPPFLAGS = \
   /DWIN32 \
   /DNDEBUG \
   /I"$(MSVC_INCLUDE)" \
   /I"$(WINSDK_INCLUDE_UM)" \
   /I"$(WINSDK_INCLUDE_UCRT)" \
   /I"$(WINSDK_INCLUDE_SHARE)" \
   /I"$(PYTHON_ROOTDIR)\include" \
   /I"$(APACHE_ROOTDIR)\include"
   
   CFLAGS = \
   /MD \
   /GF \
   /Gy \
   /O2 \
   /Wall \
   /Zc:wchar_t \
   /Zc:forScope
   
   LDFLAGS = \
   /link \
   /LIBPATH:"$(APACHE_ROOTDIR)\lib" \
   /LIBPATH:"$(PYTHON_ROOTDIR)\libs" \
   /LIBPATH:"$(MSVC_LIB)" \
   /LIBPATH:"$(WINSDK_LIB_UM)" \
   /LIBPATH:"$(WINSDK_LIB_UCRT)" \
   /OPT:REF \
   /OPT:ICF=2 \
   /RELEASE \
   /SUBSYSTEM:WINDOWS
   
   LDLIBS = \
   python$(PYTHON_VERSION).lib \
   libhttpd.lib \
   libapr-1.lib \
   libaprutil-1.lib
   
   SRCFILES = ..\src\server\*.c
   
   mod_wsgi.so : $(SRCFILES)
       cl $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(SRCFILES) /LD $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS) /OUT:$@
   
   VARIANT = py$(PYTHON_VERSION)-VC16
   
   install : mod_wsgi.so
       copy $? $(APACHE_ROOTDIR)\modules\mod_wsgi-$(VARIANT).so
       :
       :
       :
       :
       : You now need to edit $(APACHE_ROOTDIR)\conf\httpd.conf and add:
       :
       :   LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi-$(VARIANT).so
       :
       :
       :
       :
   
   clean :
       del *.obj *.so *.so.manifest *.lib *.exp
   
   

6. 修改build-win64-VC16.bat为如下内容

   nmake -f common-VC16.mk clean
   nmake -f ap24py35-win64-VC16.mk install
   nmake -f common-VC16.mk clean
   

7. 最后，在命令行中执行此文件build-win64-VC16.bat，即可编译成功, 编译成功后会自动将mod_wsgi-py??-VC??.so (本文为mod_wsgi-py35-VC16.so)复制到Apache安装目录的modules文件夹内。加载此模块仍需要自行修改Apache的配置文件。