基于ROS平台的移动机器人-7-使用Kinect2建图

基于ROS平台的移动机器人-7-使用Kinect2建图

ready

此教程我将利用KinectV2得到的激光数据和Gmapping来建图（PS：这里你需要一个可以通过ＲＯＳ控制的移动底盘和一个KinectV2）

go

1.安装Gmapping包

（1）cd ~/catkin_ws/src
（2）git clone  https://github.com/ros-perception/slam_gmapping.git
（3）cd ~/catkin_ws
（4）catkin_make 
（5）rospack profile

2.在我们之前的建的bringup/launch/下新建kinect2_gmapping.launch文件

3.在我们之前的建的bringup/launch/下新建kinect2_gmapping_rviz_view.launch文件

PS：我们这里不把启动RVIZ写在kinect2_gmapping.launch里是方便以后的远程启动

4.还有在新建bringup/rviz/下新建kinect2_gmapping.rviz文件

Panels:
  - Class: rviz/Displays
    Help Height: 78
    Name: Displays
    Property Tree Widget:
      Expanded:
        - /Global Options1
        - /Status1
        - /Map1
      Splitter Ratio: 0.5
    Tree Height: 566
  - Class: rviz/Selection
    Name: Selection
  - Class: rviz/Tool Properties
    Expanded:
      - /2D Pose Estimate1
      - /2D Nav Goal1
      - /Publish Point1
    Name: Tool Properties
    Splitter Ratio: 0.588679
  - Class: rviz/Views
    Expanded:
      - /Current View1
    Name: Views
    Splitter Ratio: 0.5
  - Class: rviz/Time
    Experimental: false
    Name: Time
    SyncMode: 0
    SyncSource: LaserScan
Visualization Manager:
  Class: ""
  Displays:
    - Alpha: 0.5
      Cell Size: 1
      Class: rviz/Grid
      Color: 160; 160; 164
      Enabled: true
      Line Style:
        Line Width: 0.03
        Value: Lines
      Name: Grid
      Normal Cell Count: 0
      Offset:
        X: 0
        Y: 0
        Z: 0
      Plane: XY
      Plane Cell Count: 10
      Reference Frame: 
      Value: true
    - Class: rviz/TF
      Enabled: true
      Frame Timeout: 15
      Frames:
        All Enabled: true
        base_footprint:
          Value: true
        base_link:
          Value: true
        kinect2_depth_frame:
          Value: true
        kinect2_ir_optical_frame:
          Value: true
        kinect2_link:
          Value: true
        kinect2_rgb_optical_frame:
          Value: true
        laser:
          Value: true
        map:
          Value: true
        odom:
          Value: true
      Marker Scale: 1
      Name: TF
      Show Arrows: true
      Show Axes: true
      Show Names: true
      Tree:
        map:
          odom:
            base_footprint:
              base_link:
                kinect2_depth_frame:
                  {}
                kinect2_link:
                  kinect2_rgb_optical_frame:
                    kinect2_ir_optical_frame:
                      {}
                laser:
                  {}
      Update Interval: 0
      Value: true
    - Alpha: 1
      Autocompute Intensity Bounds: true
      Autocompute Value Bounds:
        Max Value: 1
        Min Value: 1
        Value: true
      Axis: Z
      Channel Name: intensity
      Class: rviz/LaserScan
      Color: 255; 255; 255
      Color Transformer: AxisColor
      Decay Time: 0
      Enabled: true
      Invert Rainbow: false
      Max Color: 255; 255; 255
      Max Intensity: 4096
      Min Color: 0; 0; 0
      Min Intensity: 0
      Name: LaserScan
      Position Transformer: XYZ
      Queue Size: 10
      Selectable: true
      Size (Pixels): 3
      Size (m): 0.01
      Style: Flat Squares
      Topic: /scan
      Unreliable: false
      Use Fixed Frame: true
      Use rainbow: true
      Value: true
    - Alpha: 0.7
      Class: rviz/Map
      Color Scheme: map
      Draw Behind: false
      Enabled: true
      Name: Map
      Topic: /map
      Unreliable: false
      Value: true
  Enabled: true
  Global Options:
    Background Color: 48; 48; 48
    Fixed Frame: odom
    Frame Rate: 30
  Name: root
  Tools:
    - Class: rviz/Interact
      Hide Inactive Objects: true
    - Class: rviz/MoveCamera
    - Class: rviz/Select
    - Class: rviz/FocusCamera
    - Class: rviz/Measure
    - Class: rviz/SetInitialPose
      Topic: /initialpose
    - Class: rviz/SetGoal
      Topic: /move_base_simple/goal
    - Class: rviz/PublishPoint
      Single click: true
      Topic: /clicked_point
  Value: true
  Views:
    Current:
      Class: rviz/Orbit
      Distance: 70.1093
      Enable Stereo Rendering:
        Stereo Eye Separation: 0.06
        Stereo Focal Distance: 1
        Swap Stereo Eyes: false
        Value: false
      Focal Point:
        X: 3.9777
        Y: -3.7323
        Z: -7.60875
      Name: Current View
      Near Clip Distance: 0.01
      Pitch: 0.355398
      Target Frame: 
      Value: Orbit (rviz)
      Yaw: 0.0404091
    Saved: ~
Window Geometry:
  Displays:
    collapsed: false
  Height: 846
  Hide Left Dock: false
  Hide Right Dock: true
  QMainWindow State: 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
  Selection:
    collapsed: false
  Time:
    collapsed: false
  Tool Properties:
    collapsed: false
  Views:
    collapsed: true
  Width: 1200
  X: 50
  Y: 45

5.最后我们依次启动我们的launch文件便可

(1)roslaunch kinect2_gmapping.launch
(2)roslaunch kinect2_gmapping_rviz_view.launch
(3)rosrun teleop_twist_keyboard teleop_twist_keyboard.py

这样子我们就可以愉快的控制小车移动来建图了，当你建好图后运行一下指令就可以保存地图：

rosrun map_server map_saver -f mymap

地图保存在主文件夹，两个文件，mymap.pgm 和 mymap.yaml

这是我建好的图

6.最后看一波TF树