OS:centos6.8
Package: mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86_64
节点准备:write.test.com ipaddress: 192.168.1.1
read.test.com ipaddress: 192.168.1.2
proxy1.test.com ipaddress: 192.168.1.10
1. 在两个节点中安装好mysql,并设置主从复制。
1.1 master配置
[mysqld]
binlog-format=ROW
log-bin=/mydata/binlog/master-bin
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=1
report-port=3306
port=3306
datadir=/mydata/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
report-host=192.168.1.1
1.2 slave配置
[mysqld]
binlog-format=ROW
log-bin=/mydata/binlog/slave-bin
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=11
report-port=3306
port=3306
datadir=/mydata/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
report-host=192.168.1.2
1.3 创建用于mysql复制的用户
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO replayuser@'192.168.1.2' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
PS:如果不是使用GTID,需要在主节点查询 show master status 来确认二进制日志文件名称,以便启用slave节点时使用。
1.4 设置slave节点的复制
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.1',MASTER_USER='replayuser',
> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
> MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
PS1:没有启用GTID需要配置以下:
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.1',MASTER_USER='replayuser',
> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456' ,MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',
> MASTER_LOG_POS=401;
PS2:如使用 show slave status\G 发现slave同步错误,可以检查GTID的问题(Retrieved_Gtid_Set:)
mysql> STOP SLAVE;
mysql> RESET MASTER;
mysql> RESET SLAVE;
mysql> SET GLOBAL GTID_PURGED="1aede835-75ed-11e8-9e80-000c2955603f:1-11"
mysql> START SLAVE;
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
1.5 其他功能
1.5.1 使用半同步复制功能
# 在主从节点中分别安装相关的插件
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';
1.5.2 启动半同步复制
#在master的配置中添加: rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=ON
#在至少一个slave的配置中添加: rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=ON
#重启所有节点的mysql服务生效
#查看半同步功能是否启动
mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx';
2. 安装mysql-proxy (通用二进制包)
# groupadd -r -g 309 mysql-proxy && useradd -r -u 309 -g 309 mysql-proxy
# tar -xvf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
# ln -sv mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit mysql-proxy
#添加mysql-proxy的PATH
# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql-proxy.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin
#mysql-proxy命令使用
# mysql-proxy --help
#启动mysql-proxy
# mysql-proxy --daemon --log-level=error --log-file=/var/log/mysql-proxy.log --plugins="proxy" --proxy-backend-addresses="192.168.1.1:3306" --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses="192.168.1.2:3306" --proxy-lua-script="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua" --plugins=admin --admin-username="admin" --admin-password="123456" --admin-lua-script="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin.lua"
3. 使用SysV服务脚本来启动
# vim /etc/init.d/mysql-proxy
#!/bin/bash
#
# mysql-proxy This script starts and stops the mysql-proxy daemon
# processname: mysql-proxy
# description: mysql-proxy is a proxy daemon for mysql
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
prog="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy"
# Source networking configuration.
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/network ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/network
fi
# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
# Set default mysql-proxy configuration.
ADMIN_USER="admin"
ADMIN_PASSWD="123456"
ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin.lua"
PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon"
PROXY_PID=/var/run/mysql-proxy.pid
PROXY_USER="mysql-proxy"
# Source mysql-proxy configuration.
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy
fi
RETVAL=0
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $prog $PROXY_OPTIONS --pid-file=$PROXY_PID --proxy-address="$PROXY_ADDRESS" --user=$PROXY_USER --admin-username="$ADMIN_USER" --admin-lua-script="$ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT" --admin-password="$ADMIN_PASSWORD"
RETVAL=$?
echo
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then
touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy
fi
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $PROXY_PID -d 3 $prog
RETVAL=$?
echo
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy
rm -f $PROXY_PID
fi
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
if status -p $PROXY_PIDFILE $prog >&/dev/null; then
stop
start
fi
;;
status)
status -p $PROXY_PID $prog
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status|condrestart|try-restart}"
RETVAL=1
;;
esac
exit $RETVAL
# 设置执行权限并加入服务列表
# chmod u+x /etc/init.d/mysql-proxy
# chkconfig --add mysql-proxy
4. 为服务脚本提供配置文件
# vim /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy
# Options for mysql-proxy
ADMIN_USER="admin"
ADMIN_PASSWORD="123456"
ADMIN_ADDRESS="0.0.0.0:3306"
ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin.lua"
PROXY_ADDRESS=""
PROXY_USER="mysql-proxy"
PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon --log-level=info --log-use-syslog"
其中PROXY_OPTIONS="" 需要按照实际情况修改。proxy-backend-addresses和proxy-read-only-backend-addresses可重复使用多次,以实现指定多个读写服务器或只读服务器。例如:
PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon --log-level=info --log-use-syslog --plugins=proxy --plugins=admin --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.1.1:3306 --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.1.2:3306 --proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua"
PS:mysql-proxy的配置选项
mysql-proxy的配置选项大致可分为帮助选项、管理选项、代理选项及应用程序选项几类,
--help
--help-admin
--help-proxy
--help-all ———— 以上四个选项均用于获取帮助信息;
--proxy-address=host:port ———— 代理服务监听的地址和端口;
--admin-address=host:port ———— 管理模块监听的地址和端口;
--proxy-backend-addresses=host:port ———— 后端mysql服务器的地址和端口;
--proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=host:port ———— 后端只读mysql服务器的地址和端口;
--proxy-lua-script=file_name ———— 完成mysql代理功能的Lua脚本;
--daemon ———— 以守护进程模式启动mysql-proxy;
--keepalive ———— 在mysql-proxy崩溃时尝试重启之;
--log-file=/path/to/log_file_name ———— 日志文件名称;
--log-level=level ———— 日志级别;
--log-use-syslog ———— 基于syslog记录日志;
--plugins=plugin ———— 在mysql-proxy启动时加载的插件;
--user=user_name ———— 运行mysql-proxy进程的用户;
--defaults-file=/path/to/conf_file_name ———— 默认使用的配置文件路径;其配置段使用[mysql-proxy]标识;
--proxy-skip-profiling ———— 禁用profile;
--pid-file=/path/to/pid_file_name ———— 进程文件名;
5. 使用mysql-proxy管理功能
# server mysql-proxy start
# netstat -tnlp |grep mysql-proxy
# mysql -uadmin -p123456 -h192.168.1.10 --port=4041
mysql> SELECT * FROM backends;
+-------------+---------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| backend_ndx | address | state | type | uuid | connected_clients |
+-------------+---------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| 1 | 192.168.1.1:3306 | unknown | rw | NULL | 0 |
| 2 | 192.168.1.2:3306 | unknown | ro | NULL | 0 |
+-------------+---------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
6. 测试读写分离
# mysql -uroot -p -h192.168.1.10 -e "create database testdb1;"
# mysql -uroot -p -h192.168.1.10 -e "show databases;"
# mysql -uadmin -p123456 -h192.168.1.10 --port=4041
mysql> SELECT * FROM backends;
+-------------+---------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| backend_ndx | address | state | type | uuid | connected_clients |
+-------------+---------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| 1 | 192.168.1.1:3306 | up | rw | NULL | 0 |
| 2 | 192.168.1.2:3306 | up | ro | NULL | 0 |
+-------------+---------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+