java基础十一---Socket

一、UDP:无连接通信。

特点:1.传输效率高

           2.安全性低,不保证可到的数据传输。

开发流程:

 

发送端(客户端):
1.建立udp服务  
   DatagramSocket ds=new DatagramSocket()
2.封装数据包(DatagramPacket )
   byte[] buff="udp test" .getBytes();
   DatagramPacket dp=new DatagramPacket (buf,buf.length,InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.22"),10000);
3.发送数据:
   ds.send(dp);
4.关闭资源  close
   ds.close()


接收端(服务端):
1.定义udp服务
   DatagramSocket ds=new DatagramSocket(10000)
2.定义数据包接收数据 
   byte[] buff=new byte[1024] ;
   DatagramPacket dp=new DatagramPacket (buf,buf.length);
3.通过udp服务接收数据包 receive
   ds.receive(dp);
4.取出数据
   string ip=dp.getAddress().getHostAddress();
   int len=dp.getLength();
   String data=new String(dp.getData(),len);
5.关闭资源close
  ds.close();

服务端:

public class UdpServer extends  Thread {
    Handler handler;
    public UdpServer(Handler handler){
        this.handler=handler;
    }
    public void run(){
        recive(handler);
    }
    String TAG="UdpTest_Server";
    public void recive(Handler handler){
        DatagramSocket ds=null;
        try {
            //1. 定义udp服务,接收来自端口号为10000的数据
             ds=new DatagramSocket(1000_0);
            //2. 定义数据包接收数据
            byte[] buff=new byte[1024] ;
            DatagramPacket dp=new DatagramPacket (buff,buff.length);
            Message msg=handler.obtainMessage(1);
            msg.obj="服务已经启动准备接收数据!";
            handler.sendMessage(msg);
            while (true) {
                //3.通过udp服务接收数据,receive方法阻塞,直到接收到数据报
                ds.receive(dp);
                //4.取出数据
                String ip = dp.getAddress().getHostAddress();
                int len = dp.getLength();
                String data = new String(dp.getData(), 0, len);
                //---------和ui通讯-------------
                msg = handler.obtainMessage(1);
                msg.obj = "来自:" + ip + "的数据:" + data;
                handler.sendMessage(msg);
            }
            //------------------------------
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            Message msg=handler.obtainMessage(1);
            msg.obj="SocketException异常:"+e.toString();
            handler.sendMessage(msg);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Message msg=handler.obtainMessage(1);
            msg.obj="IOException异常:"+e.toString();
            handler.sendMessage(msg);
        }finally {
            //5.关闭资源close
            if(ds!=null)
                ds.close();
        }

    }
}

  客户端代码:

public class UdpClient extends  Thread{
    String TAG="UdpTest_Client";
    Handler handler;
    public UdpClient(Handler handler){
        this.handler=handler;
    }
    public void run(){
        sendData(handler);
    }
    public void sendData(Handler handler){
        //1.建立udp服务
        DatagramSocket  ds= null;
        Message message=handler.obtainMessage();
        try {

            ds = new DatagramSocket();
            //2.创建数据包
            byte[] buff="udp client test" .getBytes();
            InetAddress ip=InetAddress.getByName("192.168.43.1");//目的地IP
            int port=10000;// 目的地端口
            DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buff,buff.length, ip,port);
            //3.发送数据
            ds.send(dp);
            message.obj="udp 发送数据完成!";
            handler.sendMessage(message);
            //关闭资源
        } catch (SocketException e) {
             //Socket无法打开,或Socket无法绑定到指定的本地端口
            message.obj="SocketException 异常="+e.toString();
            handler.sendMessage(message);
        }catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            //IP地址是非法的长度
            message.obj="UnknownHostException 异常="+e.toString();
            handler.sendMessage(message);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // 发生I / O错误。发送失败
            message.obj="IOException 异常="+e.toString();
            handler.sendMessage(message);
        }finally {
            if (ds != null) {
                //message.obj="关闭资源";
              //  handler.sendMessage(message);
                ds.close();
            }
        }

    }
}

 

二、TCP:面向连接的通信。

特点:1.传输效率低

           2.安全性高 

开发流程:

客户端:
1.创建Socket服务,指定ip和端口
  Socket socket=new Socket("192.168.1.12",10001);
2.发送数据,获取socket输出流
  OutputStream out=socket.getOutputStream();
  out.write("tcp测试".getBytes());
3.关闭socket
  s.close();

服务端:
1.建立服务端的socket服务,监听端口
  ServerSocket  ss=new ServerSocket(10001);
2.通过accept方法获取连接过来的客户端对象
  Socket s=ss.accept();//会阻塞
3.获取客户端发过来的数据
  InputStream in=s.getInputStream();
  byte[] buf=new byte[1024];
  int len=in.read(buf);//read 会阻塞
  String data=new String(buff,0,len);
4.关闭资源

服务端代码:

public class TcpServer extends Thread {
    Handler handler=null;
    public TcpServer(Handler handler){
        this.handler=handler;
    }
    public void run(){
        recive(handler);
    }

    public void recive(Handler handler){
        ServerSocket  ss=null;
        try {
            //1.建立服务端的socket服务,监听端口10000
              ss=new ServerSocket(1000_1);
            while (true){
                showMsg("TCP服务已经开启!");
                // 2.通过accept方法获取连接过来的客户端对象
                Socket s=ss.accept();//会阻塞
                showMsg("客户端连接:"+s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress());
                //3.获取客户端发过来的数据
                InputStream in=s.getInputStream();
                byte[] buff=getData(in);
                if(buff!=null) {
                    String data = new String(buff, 0, buff.length);
                    showMsg("接收来自:"+s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress()+",的数据:"+data);
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if(ss!=null){
                try {
                    //4.关闭资源
                    ss.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    private byte[] getData(InputStream in){
        byte[] temp=new byte[1024];
        try {
            int len= in.read(temp);
            return  Arrays.copyOf(temp,len);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            showMsg("读取数据发送异常:"+e.toString());
        }
        return null;
    }
    private void showMsg(String  strMsg){
        Message msg = handler.obtainMessage();
        msg.obj = strMsg;
        handler.sendMessage(msg);
    }
}

客户端代码:

public class TcpClient extends Thread{
    Handler handle=null;
    public TcpClient(Handler handler){
        this.handle=handler;
    }
    public void run(){
        send();
    }
    public void send(){
        //1.创建Socket服务,指定ip和端口
        Socket socket= null;
        try {
            socket = new Socket("192.168.43.1",1000_1);
            //2.发送数据,获取socket输出流
            OutputStream out=socket.getOutputStream();
            out.write("tcp客户端数据".getBytes());
            showMsg("客户端发送数据成功!");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            showMsg("客户端发送数据异常:"+ e.toString());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            //3.关闭socket
            try {
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    public void showMsg(String  data){
        Message msg=handle.obtainMessage(1);
        msg.obj=data;
        handle.sendMessage(msg);
    }
}

 

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