原生js和canvas实现的 柱状图、饼状图、折线图

转载来自https://blog.csdn.net/u013302113/article/details/77985744
<html>
<head lang="en">


head>


   <body>
      <canvas id="bar" width="450" height="250">
      canvas>
      <canvas id="pie" width="450" height="250">canvas>
      <br />
      <canvas id="line" width="450" height="250">canvas>
      <canvas id="curve" width="450" height="250">canvas>


<script>
window.onload = function() {

   var bar = document.getElementById("bar"),
      data = {
         label: ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"],//x轴的标题
         dataSets: [{
            bDistance: 30, //绘制的边框距离画布边框的距离
            bInterval: 20, //两个柱状图之间的距离
            values: [300, 50, 100, 50, 80, 150, 120], //对应标签的值
            fillColor: "rgba(0,0,255,0.5)" //矩形填充颜色
         }, {
            txtfont: "14px microsoft yahei",//绘制文本的字体
            txtalgin: "center",//文本对齐方式
            txtbaseline: "middle"//文本的基线
         }, {
            fillColor: "black", //矩形填充颜色
            xtitle: "订单总数(个)", //x轴标题
            ytitle: "星期几" //y轴标题
         }]
      };
   barChart(bar, data); //画柱状图




   var pie = document.getElementById("pie"),
      datasets = {
         colors: ["blue", "yellow", "black", "red", "green"], //颜色
         labels: ["第一周", "第二周", "第三周", "第四周", "第五周"], //标签
         values: [30, 60, 80, 70, 150], //值
         x: 125, //圆心x坐标
         y: 125, //圆心y坐标
         radius: 100 //半径
      };
   pieChart(pie, datasets); //画饼状图



   var line = document.getElementById("line"),
      datas = {
         labels: ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"],//标签
         values: [50, 180, 100, 150, 110, 130, 30],//值
         txtSet: {//绘制文本设置
            txtfont: "14px microsoft yahei",
            txtalgin: "center",
            txtbaseline: "middle",
            txtColor:"#000000"
         },
         bgSet:{//绘制背景线设置
            lineColor:"#C0C0C0",
            lineWidth:1,

         },
         lineColor:"#000000",//折线颜色
         circleColor:"blue",//折线上原点颜色
         yAxis:{//y轴表示什么,及绘制文本的位置
            x:50,
            y:11,
            title:"完成件数(个)"
         }
      },
      newData = {
         labels: ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"],
         values: [100, 40, 200, 50, 10, 80, 100],
         txtSet: {
            txtfont: "14px microsoft yahei",
            txtalgin: "center",
            txtbaseline: "middle",
            txtColor:"#000000"
         },
         bgSet:{
            lineColor:"#C0C0C0",
            lineWidth:1,
         },
         lineColor:"blue",
         circleColor:"red",
         yAxis:{
            x:50,
            y:11,
            title:"完成件数(个)"
         }
      };
   lineChart(line,datas);//画折线图
   //lineChart(line,newData);//在同一个canvas画第二条折线图
   //curveChart();//绘制曲线




   var bg = document.getElementById("curve")
   linedata = {
      labels: ["1月", "2月", "3月", "4月", "5月", "6月", "7月"],//标签
      datas: [115, 35, 210, 100, 300, 220, 40],//数据
      xTitle: "月份",//x轴标题
      yTitle: "产量(个)",//y轴标题
      ctxSets:{
         strokeColor:"#C0C0C0",//背景线颜色
         lineWidth:1,//线的宽度
         txtColor:"#000000",//绘制文本颜色
         txtFont:"12px microsoft yahei",//字体
         txtAlign:"center",//对齐方式
         txtBase:"middle",//基线
         lineColor:"blue",//折线颜色
         circleColor:"#FF0000"//折线上圆点颜色
      }
   };
   setBg(bg,linedata);//绘制图标背景及折线
}


//数组sort()排序传的参数为该函数(降序排列),绘制柱状图需要
function compare(value1, value2) {
      return value2 - value1;
   }
/*柱状图
 * elem:要操作的画布元素
 * data:所需格式的数据*/
function barChart(elem, data) {
      if (elem.getContext) {
         var ctx = elem.getContext("2d"),
            mywidth = elem.width, //画布的宽高
            myheight = elem.height,
            bDistance = parseInt(data.dataSets[0].bDistance), //图标边框到画布间距
            bInterval = data.dataSets[0].bInterval, //矩形间间距
            labels = data.label, //矩形对应标题
            len = labels.length,//标签/数据个数
            //矩形宽度
            bWidth = Math.floor((mywidth - bDistance * 2 - (len + 1) * bInterval) / len),
            bheight = myheight - bDistance * 2, //边框高度
            values = data.dataSets[0].values, //绘图的值
            sortValues = values.slice(0), //基于当前数组中的一个或多个项创建一个新数组(解决了该数组排序原数组也被排序的问题)
            serialValues = new Array(); //用于存储序列化后的值
         sortValues.sort(compare);
         if (sortValues[0] > bheight) {
            (function() {
               //数值超过边框高度时序列化值
               for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                  serialValues[i] = values[i] * bheight / sortValues[0];
               }
            })(); //块级作用域
         }
         //绘制边框
         ctx.beginPath(); //要绘制路径,必须先调用该方法,表示开始绘制新路径
         ctx.moveTo(bDistance, bDistance);
         ctx.lineTo(bDistance, myheight - bDistance);
         ctx.lineTo(mywidth - bDistance, myheight - bDistance);
         ctx.stroke(); //把图形绘制到画布上
         //绘制矩形,组成条形图
         ctx.fillStyle = data.dataSets[0].fillColor;
         //绘制文字
         ctx.font = data.dataSets[1].txtfont; //字体样式、大小、字体
         ctx.textAlign = data.dataSets[1].txtalgin; //文本对齐方式
         ctx.textBaseline = data.dataSets[1].txtbaseline; //文本的基线
         for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            var x = (bInterval + bDistance) + i * (bWidth + bInterval),
               y = myheight - serialValues[i] - bDistance,
               x1 = x + Math.round(bWidth / 2);
            y1 = myheight - bDistance + 15,
               y2 = y - 10;
            ctx.fillRect(x, y, bWidth, serialValues[i]); //x,y,width,height单位都为px
            ctx.fillText(labels[i], x1, y1); //绘制标题文字
            ctx.fillText(values[i], x1, y2); //绘制柱状图数据
         }
         ctx.fillStyle = data.dataSets[2].fillColor;
         ctx.fillText(data.dataSets[2].xtitle, 49, 7); //x轴代表什么
         ctx.fillText(data.dataSets[2].ytitle, mywidth - bDistance, myheight - bDistance + 15); //y轴代表什么
      }
   }
   //求和,计算百分比(画饼图时需要)

function sumFunc(data) {
      var sum = 0;
      for (var i = 0, len = data.length; i < len; i++) {
         sum += data[i];
      }
      return sum;
   }
/*饼图
 * elem:要操作的画布元素
 * data:所需格式的数据*/

function pieChart(elem, data) {
   if (elem.getContext) {
      var ctx = elem.getContext("2d"),
         vdata = data.values, //绘图数据
         sum = sumFunc(vdata), //对绘图数据求和,用于计算百分比
         startangle = 0, //绘制扇形的开始角度
         labels = data.labels, //绘图的对应文字
         x = data.x, //圆心x坐标
         y = data.y, //圆心y坐标
         rad = data.radius, //圆半径
         x1 = x + rad + 30, //绘制右侧文字和标注的x坐标
         y1 = y - rad, //绘制右侧文字和标注的y坐标
         endangle; //绘制扇形的结束角度
      for (var i = 0, len = vdata.length; i < len; i++) {
         //绘制饼图
         //计算下一次绘制扇形的结束角度,即根据绘制数据占有总数据和的比例求的弧度
         var percent = vdata[i] / sum;
         endangle = startangle + Math.PI * 2 * (percent);
         ctx.beginPath(); //开始绘制新路径
         ctx.fillStyle = data.colors[i]; //绘制颜色
         ctx.moveTo(x, y); //移动到圆心(注:画饼图一定要回到圆心,不然会有问题)
         ctx.arc(x, y, rad, startangle, endangle, false); //画扇形
         //绘制右侧文字和标注
         ctx.moveTo(x1, y1); //移动到绘制文字和标注的位置
         ctx.fillRect(x1, y1, 30, 14); //绘制矩形表示比列图
         //计算四舍五入后的扇形每份的百分比
         var perc = (percent * 100).toFixed(2) + "%"; //tofixed()自动四舍五入返回指定小数位数的字符串
         //设置绘制文字的属性
         ctx.font = "bold 12px microsoft yahei";
         ctx.txtalgin = "center";
         ctx.textBaseline = "top";
         //绘制文字
         ctx.fillText(labels[i] + ":" + perc, x1 + 35, y1);
         ctx.fill(); //指定颜色填充以上绘制
         startangle = endangle; //下一次绘制扇形的开始角度
         y1 += 20; //下一次绘制文字和标注的y坐标
      }
   }
}
/*绘制折线
 elem:操作的元素
 data:所需格式数据*/
function lineChart(elem, data) {
   if (elem.getContext) {
      var ctx = elem.getContext("2d"),
         labels = data.labels,//数值对应标签
         values = data.values,//数值
         len = labels.length,//标签/数值个数
         elemWidth = elem.width,//画布宽度
         elemHeight = elem.height,//画布高度
         gridHeight = Math.ceil(elemHeight / 5),//每行之间高度
         gridWidth = Math.floor(elemWidth / len),//每列之间看度
         actualHeight = 4 * gridHeight + 20;//绘制区域实际高度
      //设置绘制直线的属性
      ctx.strokeStyle = data.bgSet.lineColor;
      ctx.lineWidth = data.bgSet.lineWidth;
      //设置绘制文本的属性
      ctx.font = data.txtSet.txtfont;
      ctx.textAlign = data.txtSet.txtalgin;
      ctx.txtbaseline = data.txtSet.txtbaseline;
      //绘制背景
      //绘制背景横线
      ctx.beginPath();
      for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
         var hgridY = gridHeight * i + 20,
            hgridX = gridWidth * len;
         ctx.moveTo(0, hgridY);
         ctx.lineTo(hgridX, hgridY);
      }
      ctx.stroke();

      //绘制背景的竖线,表示每个label
      ctx.beginPath();
      for (var j = 0; j < len + 1; j++) {
         var vgridX = gridWidth * j,
            vgridY = actualHeight;
         ctx.moveTo(vgridX, vgridY);
         ctx.lineTo(vgridX, vgridY + 10);
      }
      ctx.stroke();
      //绘制标签文字
      ctx.fillStyle = data.txtSet.txtColor;
      for (var k = 0; k < len; k++) {
         var txtX = gridWidth * (k + 0.5),
            txtY = actualHeight + 15;
         ctx.fillText(labels[k], txtX, txtY);
      }
      ctx.fill();


      //获取画图数据的最大值用于序列换数据
      var maxValue = 0,
         cData = new Array();
      for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
         if (values[i] > maxValue) {
            maxValue = values[i];
         }
      }
      //当最大值大于画布可绘制区域的高度时,对数据进行转化,然后进行画图
      if ((4 * gridHeight) < maxValue) {
         for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            //转换后的数据
            cData[i] = values[i] * 4 * gridHeight / maxValue;
         }
      } else {
         cData = values;
      }
      //绘制折线
      ctx.strokeStyle = data.lineColor;
      ctx.beginPath();
      var pointX = gridWidth / 2,
         pointY = actualHeight - cData[0];
      ctx.moveTo(pointX, pointY);
      for (var i = 1; i < len; i++) {
         pointX += gridWidth;
         pointY = actualHeight - cData[i];
         ctx.lineTo(pointX, pointY);
      }
      ctx.stroke();
      //绘制坐标圆形
      ctx.beginPath();
      ctx.fillStyle = data.circleColor; //圆点的颜色
      for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
         var circleX = gridWidth / 2 + gridWidth * i,
            circleY = actualHeight - cData[i];
         ctx.moveTo(circleX, circleY); //假如不每次绘制之前确定开始绘制新路径,可以每次绘制之前移动到新的圆心
         ctx.arc(circleX, circleY, 4, 0, Math.PI * 2, false);
      }
      ctx.fill();
      //绘制坐标圆形对应的值
      ctx.beginPath();
      ctx.fillStyle = data.txtSet.txtColor;; //文本颜色
      for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
         var circleX = gridWidth / 2 + gridWidth * i,
            circleY = actualHeight - cData[i];
         ctx.fillText(values[i], circleX, circleY - 8);

      }
      ctx.fill();
      //绘制y轴代表什么
      ctx.fillText(data.yAxis.title, data.yAxis.x, data.yAxis.y);
      ctx.fill();

   }
}

function curveChart() {
      var elem = document.getElementById("curve");
      if (elem.getContext) {
         var ctx = elem.getContext("2d");
         //       ctx.lineWidth = 2;
         ctx.lineCap = "square";
         ctx.beginPath();
         ctx.moveTo(100, 70);
         ctx.bezierCurveTo(120, 150, 150, 150, 200, 60); //三次贝赛尔曲线
         ctx.moveTo(40, 100);
         ctx.quadraticCurveTo(60, 60, 100, 70); //二次贝塞尔曲线
         ctx.moveTo(200, 60);
         ctx.arcTo(240, 40, 300, 50, 50); //绘制弧线
         ctx.stroke();

      }
   }
   /* 绘制背景
    * elem:要操作的元素
    * data:所需格式的数据*/


function setBg(elem, data) {

   if (elem.getContext) {
      var ctx = elem.getContext("2d"),//获取元素上下文
         startX = 40,//左上角开始绘制的x坐标
         startY = 40,//左上角开始绘制的y坐标
         labels = data.labels,//对应数据的标签,即列数
         cols = labels.length,//数据个数
         datas = data.datas,//数据
         gWidth = elem.width - 80,//背景总宽度,elem.width为画布宽度
         gHeight = elem.height - 80,//背景总长度
         pgWidth = gWidth / cols,//背景每个格的宽度
         rows = 10,//背景表格行数
         pgHeight = gHeight / rows;//背景表格高度


      //绘制背景
      ctx.beginPath(); //开始绘制新路径
      ctx.strokeStyle = data.ctxSets.strokeColor;//描边颜色
      ctx.lineWidth = data.ctxSets.lineWidth;//描边线条宽度
      //绘制横线
      for (var i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
         var pY = startX + pgHeight * i;
         ctx.moveTo(startX, pY); //移动到绘制的起点
         ctx.lineTo(gWidth + startX, pY);
      }
      //最后一根横线
      var pY1 = startY + pgHeight * rows;
      ctx.moveTo(startX, pY1); //移动到绘制的起点
      ctx.lineTo(gWidth + startX + 20, pY1);
      //绘制竖线
      //第一根竖线
      ctx.moveTo(startX, startY - 20); //移动到绘制的起点
      ctx.lineTo(startX, gHeight + startY + 10);
      for (var i = 1; i < cols + 1; i++) {
         var pX = startX + pgWidth * i;
         ctx.moveTo(pX, startY); //移动到绘制的起点
         ctx.lineTo(pX, gHeight + startY + 10);
      }

      ctx.stroke();//把图形绘制到画布上
      //绘制文字
      ctx.fillStyle = data.ctxSets.txtColor;//填充颜色
      ctx.font = data.ctxSets.txtFont;//文本字体
      ctx.textAlign = data.ctxSets.txtAlign;//文本对齐方式
      ctx.textBaseline = data.ctxSets.txtBase;//文本基线
      //绘制横轴文字
      for (var i = 0; i < cols; i++) {
         var px = startX + pgWidth / 2 + pgWidth * i;
         ctx.fillText(labels[i], px, startY + gHeight + 10);
      }
      //绘制竖轴文字
      //判断最大值是否大于行高,确定每行的数值
      var maxValue = 0,
         newValues = new Array(),
         j = 0;
      for (var i = 0; i < cols; i++) {
         if (datas[i] > maxValue) {
            maxValue = datas[i];
         }
      }
      //重新计算每隔数据值及转换值
      if (maxValue > gHeight) {
         pgValues = maxValue / rows;
         for (var i = 0; i < cols; i++) {
            newValues[i] = datas[i] * gHeight / maxValue;
         }
      } else {
         pgValues = pgHeight;
         newValues = datas;
      }
      //绘制竖轴文字
      for (var i = rows; i >= 0; i--) {
         ctx.fillText(pgValues * i, 20, startY + pgHeight * j);
         j++;
      }

      //绘制标题
      //x轴标题
      ctx.fillText(data.xTitle, gWidth + startX + 15, gHeight + startY + 10);
      //y轴标题
      ctx.fillText(data.yTitle, startX + 25, startY - 10);


      //画图
      //绘制折线
      ctx.strokeStyle = data.ctxSets.lineColor;;
      ctx.beginPath();
      var pointX = pgWidth / 2 + startX,
         pointY = startY + gHeight - newValues[0];
      ctx.moveTo(pointX, pointY);
      for (var i = 1; i < cols; i++) {
         pointX += pgWidth;
         pointY = startY + gHeight - newValues[i];
         ctx.lineTo(pointX, pointY);
      }
      ctx.stroke();
      //绘制坐标圆形
      ctx.beginPath();
      ctx.fillStyle = data.ctxSets.circleColor;; //圆点的颜色
      for (var i = 0; i < cols; i++) {
         var circleX = pgWidth / 2 + startX + pgWidth * i,
            circleY = startY + gHeight - newValues[i];
         ctx.moveTo(circleX, circleY); //假如不每次绘制之前确定开始绘制新路径,可以每次绘制之前移动到新的圆心
         ctx.arc(circleX, circleY, 4, 0, Math.PI * 2, false);
      }
      ctx.fill();
      //绘制坐标圆形对应的值
      ctx.beginPath();
      ctx.fillStyle = data.ctxSets.txtColor; //文本颜色
      for (var i = 0; i < cols; i++) {
         var circleX = pgWidth / 2 + startX + pgWidth * i,
            circleY = startY + gHeight - newValues[i];
         ctx.fillText(datas[i], circleX, circleY - 10);
      }
      ctx.fill();

   }

}


script>
body>
html>

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