3.RabbitMQ教程—特性demo

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官方文档资料地址

Spring地址：http://projects.spring.io/spring-amqp/

Spring提供的Demo地址：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-amqp-samples

中文文档地址：http://rabbitmq.mr-ping.com/

RabbitMQ的6个特性

1. "Hello World!"

2. Work queues（工作队列）

3. Publish/Subscribe（发布订阅）

4. Routing（路由）

5. Topics（主题交换机）

6. RPC（远程调用）

（此6特性不举例说明，请查阅上述中文文档地址和下载spring的demo理解即可）

围绕几个特点给出demo

1. 队列可恢复性，数据可恢复性

   // 生产者
   public  static  void  main(String[] args) {
       String DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME =  "queue_for_durable" ;
       String UNDURABLE_QUEUE_NAME =  "queue_for_undurable" ;
   
       ConnectionFactory factory =  new  ConnectionFactory();
       factory.setHost( "10.200.0.150" );
       factory.setPort( 5672 );
       factory.setUsername( "root" );
       factory.setPassword( "123456" );
       try  {
           Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
           Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
           // 声明两个队列，第二个参数表示该队列在rabbit服务器重启后是否自动创建
           channel.queueDeclare(DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  true ,  false ,  false ,  null );
           channel.queueDeclare(UNDURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  false ,  false ,  false ,  null );
   
           // 数据是否可恢复(声明数据为文本类型，可恢复)
           BasicProperties basicProperties = MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN;
   
           channel.basicPublish( "" , DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  null ,  "文本一" .getBytes());
           channel.basicPublish( "" , DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME, basicProperties,  "文本二" .getBytes());
           channel.basicPublish( "" , UNDURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  null ,  "文本三" .getBytes());
           channel.close();
           connection.close();
       }  catch  (IOException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }  catch  (TimeoutException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }

   执行上输代码，rabbit服务器会生成2个队列，持久化队列2条消息，临时队列1条消息；
   在linux服务器执行rabbit服务重启命令：service rabbitmq-server restart，重启后查看队列状态，此时只有1个持久化队列，且只有1条消息
     

2. ack应答机制

   // 消费者
   public  static  void  main(String[] args) {
       String DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME =  "queue_for_durable" ; // 持久化队列
   
       ConnectionFactory factory =  new  ConnectionFactory();
       factory.setHost( "10.200.0.150" );
       factory.setPort( 5672 );
       factory.setUsername( "root" );
       factory.setPassword( "123456" );
       try  {
           Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
           Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
           channel.queueDeclare(DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  true ,  false ,  false ,  null ); // 创建消费队列（防止消费者先上线无法找到队列而抛出异常）
           channel.basicQos( 1 ); // 指定当前接收消息的容量
           QueueingConsumer consumer =  new  QueueingConsumer(channel);
   
           /*
            * 第二个参数如果为true则在接收到消息的一瞬间，rabbit服务器会删除消息
            * 为false表明ack应答机制为手动响应，此时消息会存储在rabbit等待应答的队列中，在未收到应答，会重新进入准备状态
            */
           String resp = channel.basicConsume(DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  false , consumer);
           System.out.println( "======："  + resp);
   
           QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery =  null ;
           while  ( null  != (delivery = consumer.nextDelivery())) {
               String message =  new  String(delivery.getBody());
               System.out.println( "获取到消息："  + message);
   
               // channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);// 手动回应服务器，当前任务执行成功
           }
       }  catch  (IOException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }  catch  (TimeoutException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }  catch  (ShutdownSignalException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }  catch  (ConsumerCancelledException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }  catch  (InterruptedException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }

   执行程序，此时观察rabbit服务器队列状态，持久化队列中的消息处于<待应答>状态，停止程序，此时rabbit服务器队列数据状态恢复到准备状态；打开注释channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);，执行程序后观察rabbit服务器队列发现数据已被移除；

   
   
   
   

3. 消息的监听

   xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
   < beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:rabbit = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">
       < description >rabbitMQ连接服务配置 description >
   
   
       < rabbit:connection-factory  id = "connectionFactory"  addresses = "10.200.0.150:5672"  username = "root"  password = "123456"  />
       < rabbit:admin  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  />
   
       < bean  id = "gsonConverter"  class = "org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter"  />
   
       < rabbit:queue  name = "queue_for_durable"  />
       < rabbit:queue  name = "queue_for_undurable"  />
   
   
       < rabbit:template  id = "rabbitTemplate"  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  message-converter = "gsonConverter"  exchange = "directExchange"  />
   
       < rabbit:direct-exchange  name = "directExchange" >
           < rabbit:bindings >
               < rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_for_durable"  key = "queue_for_durable"  />
               < rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_for_undurable"  key = "queue_for_undurable"  />
           rabbit:bindings >
       rabbit:direct-exchange >
   
       < bean  id = "directListener"  class = "com.xiangshang.mq.listener.DirectListener"  />
       < rabbit:listener-container  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  message-converter = "gsonConverter"  concurrency = "2"  acknowledge = "auto" >
           < rabbit:listener  queues = "queue_for_durable,queue_for_undurable"  ref = "directListener"  />
       rabbit:listener-container >
   beans >

   junit加载上述文件，使用生产者向队列发送消息，此时可以看到监听器中接收到数据（提示：实现ChannelAwareMessageListener接口，listener也可以实现ack机制，此时acknowledge="manual"）

    
    

4. 发布订阅

   xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
   < beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:rabbit = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">
       < description >rabbitMQ连接服务配置 description >
   
   
       < rabbit:connection-factory  id = "connectionFactory"  addresses = "10.200.0.150:5672"  username = "root"  password = "123456"  />
       < rabbit:admin  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  />
   
       < bean  id = "gsonConverter"  class = "org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter"  />
   
       < rabbit:queue  name = "queue_for_durable"  />
       < rabbit:queue  name = "queue_for_undurable"  />
   
   
       < rabbit:template  id = "rabbitTemplate"  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  message-converter = "gsonConverter"  exchange = "fanoutExchange"  />
   
       < rabbit:fanout-exchange  name = "fanoutExchange" >
           < rabbit:bindings >
               < rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_for_durable"   />
               < rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_for_undurable"  />
           rabbit:bindings >
       rabbit:fanout-exchange >
   beans >

   junit加载上述文件，使用生产者向队列发送消息，此时在rabbit服务器可以看到发布订阅模式路由下这两个队列，均能收到一条消息
    

5. 延迟消息队列（参见下一页整合spring的demo）
6. 优先级队列（参见下一页整合spring的demo）