268. Missing Number -- Python

268. Missing Number

Given an array containing n distinct numbers taken from 0, 1, 2, …, n, find the one that is missing from the array.

Example 1

Input: [3,0,1]
Output: 2

Example 2

Input: [9,6,4,2,3,5,7,0,1]
Output: 8

Note:
Your algorithm should run in linear runtime complexity. Could you implement it using only constant extra space complexity?

思路:
这个题目主体是采用了之前的第 448 题的算法,然后区别是,这里给出的列表中都是不同的数字,只有少了一个数字,输出的是单个数字,而前面那题可能有重复和缺少多个数字,所以是一个列表,这里就用笨办法将列表中的数字直接取出再返回就行了。(下面也贴出了一个讨论区的代码,思路也很清楚,值得借鉴思考,但只是针对这个题目来的,如果题目有重复就不能用了)

我的代码:

class Solution:
    def missingNumber(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        L=list((set(range(0, len(nums)+1))).difference(set(nums)))
        if L==[]:
            return 1
        else:
            for i in L:
                return i

讨论区代码:

class Solution:
    def missingNumber(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        n = len(nums)
        return n * (n + 1) // 2 - sum(nums)

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