Spring事务配置的五种方式

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前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。


总结如下：


Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。


DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。


具体如下图：






根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：


第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理



xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">


class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">






class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">








class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">







PROPAGATION_REQUIRED




第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类



xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">


class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">






class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">



class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init="true" abstract="true">





PROPAGATION_REQUIRED













第三种方式：使用拦截器



xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">


class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">






class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">



class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">




PROPAGATION_REQUIRED







*Dao




transactionInterceptor









第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器



xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">






class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">






class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">











expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />


第五种方式：全注解

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">









class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">






class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">




此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：


package com.bluesky.spring.dao;


import java.util.List;


import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;


@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {


public List listUsers() {
return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
}


}