Spring MVC

1. 典型配置

典型配置可以有xml配置方法和java class配置方法，在Spring实战中作者建议用java class方法，原因是xml的错误检查机制没有java class方式好。在这里把两种配置方法都列在下面：

1.1 xml配置方法

1.1.1 pom.xml
主要是 Maven 的配置文件，用来添加项目中依赖的jar包，包括spring-context/spring-web/spring-webmvc/commons-logging

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.mycompanygroupId>
    <artifactId>SpringMvc-1artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <packaging>warpackaging>

    <name>SpringMvc-1name>

    <properties>
        <endorsed.dir>${project.build.directory}/endorsedendorsed.dir>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
    properties>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
            <version>4.3.0.RELEASEversion>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
            <version>4.3.0.RELEASEversion>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
            <version>4.3.0.RELEASEversion>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javaxgroupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-web-apiartifactId>
            <version>7.0version>
            <scope>providedscope>
        dependency>
    dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
                <version>3.1version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7source>
                    <target>1.7target>
                    <compilerArguments>
                        <endorseddirs>${endorsed.dir}endorseddirs>
                    compilerArguments>
                configuration>
            plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-pluginartifactId>
                <version>2.3version>
                <configuration>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>falsefailOnMissingWebXml>
                configuration>
            plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-pluginartifactId>
                <version>2.6version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>validatephase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copygoal>
                        goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <outputDirectory>${endorsed.dir}outputDirectory>
                            <silent>truesilent>
                            <artifactItems>
                                <artifactItem>
                                    <groupId>javaxgroupId>
                                    <artifactId>javaee-endorsed-apiartifactId>
                                    <version>7.0version>
                                    <type>jartype>
                                artifactItem>
                            artifactItems>
                        configuration>
                    execution>
                executions>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>

project>

1.1.2 WEB-INF 文件夹
该文件夹存在的意义在于：此文件夹客户端不可直接访问，只能通过controller中返回的String由服务器间接访问，从而保证了改文件夹的安全性。
1.1.2.1 jsp 文件夹
在配置dispatcher-servlet.xml中的viewResolver的时候前缀设置为 /WEB-INF/jsp/，后缀设置为 .jsp，这样controller中返回
String会由dispatcher servlet自动添加前后缀在webapp中索引view页面渲染模型。
1.1.2.2 web.xml
webapp标准配置文件，在该文件中配置dispatcher servlet（也就是spring mvc的servlet）以及其他服务器配置，如：session有效期，application context的文件配置等。

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
     version="3.1">

    
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xmlparam-value>
    context-param>
    
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
    listener>
    
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>redirect.jspwelcome-file>
    welcome-file-list>
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherservlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>2load-on-startup>
    servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherservlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.dourl-pattern>
        <url-pattern>*.jspurl-pattern>
    servlet-mapping>
    
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>
            30
        session-timeout>
    session-config>

web-app>

1.1.2.3 dispatcher-servlet.xml
dispatcher-servlet中主要要配置扫描包，viewResolver，也可以配置url映射，但是在spring mvc4中主要是在java文件中通过@RequestMapping来进行映射的，所以在下面的xml样例中虽然有一个配置mapping的indexController但是不常用，建议用@RequestMapping来完成映射。
这里要注意：在web.xml中定义的dispatcher-servlet的name默认服务器会在同目录中搜寻【dispatcher-name】-servlet.xml的配置文件。所以当你不想费力自定义一个位置的时候就要注意dispatcher-servlet的命名方式了。

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"/>
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycompany.springmvc.controller"  />
    
    
    <bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
        <property name="mappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="login.jsp">indexControllerprop>
            props>
        property>
    bean>
    
    <bean id="viewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"
          p:suffix=".jsp" />

    
    
    <bean name="indexController"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ParameterizableViewController"
          p:viewName="login" />

beans>