在SQL中存储过程的一般语法是什么

一般分为十种情况，每种语法各不相同：

 1、 创建语法

create  proc |  procedure  pro_name
   [{@参数数据类型} [=默认值] [ output ],
    {@参数数据类型} [=默认值] [ output ],
    ....
   ]
as
   SQL_statements

2、 创建不带参数存储过程

--创建存储过程
if (exists ( select  *  from  sys.objects  where  name  =  'proc_get_student' ))
    drop  proc proc_get_student
go
create  proc proc_get_student
as
    select  *  from  student;

--调用、执行存储过程
exec  proc_get_student;

3、 修改存储过程

--修改存储过程
alter  proc proc_get_student
as
select  *  from  student;

4、 带参存储过程

--带参存储过程
if (object_id( 'proc_find_stu' ,  'P' )  is  not  null )
    drop  proc proc_find_stu
go
create  proc proc_find_stu(@startId  int , @endId  int )
as
    select  *  from  student  where  id  between  @startId  and  @endId
go

exec  proc_find_stu 2, 4;

5、 带通配符参数存储过程

--带通配符参数存储过程
if (object_id( 'proc_findStudentByName' ,  'P' )  is  not  null )
    drop  proc proc_findStudentByName
go
create  proc proc_findStudentByName(@ name  varchar (20) =  '%j%' , @nextName  varchar (20) =  '%' )
as
    select  *  from  student  where  name  like  @ name  and  name  like  @nextName;
go

exec  proc_findStudentByName;
exec  proc_findStudentByName  '%o%' ,  't%' ;

6、 带输出参数存储过程

if (object_id( 'proc_getStudentRecord' ,  'P' )  is  not  null )
    drop  proc proc_getStudentRecord
go
create  proc proc_getStudentRecord(
    @id  int ,  --默认输入参数
    @ name  varchar (20)  out ,  --输出参数
    @age  varchar (20)  output --输入输出参数
)
as
    select  @ name  =  name , @age = age   from  student  where  id = @id  and  sex = @age;
go

--
declare  @id  int ,
        @ name  varchar (20),
        @ temp  varchar (20);
set  @id = 7;
set  @ temp  = 1;
exec  proc_getStudentRecord @id, @ name  out , @ temp  output ;
select  @ name , @ temp ;
print @ name  +  '#'  + @ temp ;

7、 不缓存存储过程

--WITH RECOMPILE 不缓存
if (object_id( 'proc_temp' ,  'P' )  is  not  null )
    drop  proc proc_temp
go
create  proc proc_temp
with  recompile
as
    select  *  from  student;
go

exec  proc_temp;

8、 加密存储过程

--加密WITH ENCRYPTION
if (object_id( 'proc_temp_encryption' ,  'P' )  is  not  null )
    drop  proc proc_temp_encryption
go
create  proc proc_temp_encryption
with  encryption
as
    select  *  from  student;
go

exec  proc_temp_encryption;
exec  sp_helptext  'proc_temp' ;
exec  sp_helptext  'proc_temp_encryption' ;

9、 带游标参数存储过程

if (object_id( 'proc_cursor' ,  'P' )  is  not  null )
    drop  proc proc_cursor
go
create  proc proc_cursor
    @cur  cursor  varying  output
as
    set  @cur =  cursor  forward_only  static  for
    select  id,  name , age  from  student;
    open  @cur;
go
--调用
declare  @exec_cur  cursor ;
declare  @id  int ,
        @ name  varchar (20),
        @age  int ;
exec  proc_cursor @cur = @exec_cur  output ; --调用存储过程
fetch  next  from  @exec_cur  into  @id, @ name , @age;
while (@@fetch_status = 0)
begin
    fetch  next  from  @exec_cur  into  @id, @ name , @age;
    print  'id: '  +  convert ( varchar , @id) +  ', name: '  + @ name  +  ', age: '  +  convert ( char , @age);
end
close  @exec_cur;
deallocate  @exec_cur; --删除游标

10、 分页存储过程

---存储过程、row_number完成分页
if (object_id( 'pro_page' ,  'P' )  is  not  null )
    drop  proc proc_cursor
go
create  proc pro_page
    @startIndex  int ,
    @endIndex  int
as
    select  count (*)  from  product
;
    select  *  from  (
        select  row_number() over( order  by  pid)  as  rowId, *  from  product
    )  temp
    where  temp .rowId  between  @startIndex  and  @endIndex
go
--drop proc pro_page
exec  pro_page 1, 4
--
--分页存储过程
if (object_id( 'pro_page' ,  'P' )  is  not  null )
    drop  proc pro_stu
go
create  procedure  pro_stu(
    @pageIndex  int ,
    @pageSize  int
)
as
    declare  @startRow  int , @endRow  int
    set  @startRow = (@pageIndex - 1) * @pageSize +1
    set  @endRow = @startRow + @pageSize -1
    select  *  from  (
        select  *, row_number() over ( order  by  id  asc )  as  number  from  student
    ) t
    where  t.number  between  @startRow  and  @endRow;

exec  pro_stu 2, 2;