MySQL Connector/Python 是 MySQL 官方提供的 Python 连接 MySQL 数据库的驱动程序了,很多初学者对于 在python中连接mysql数据库还是有点为难了,下文我们只需要了解这个MySQLConnector模块问题就可以解决了。相较于MySQLdb模块来说,其支持python3,而MySQLdb目前只支持到python2.7版本。这里就结合示例,总结下MySQL Connector模块的用法。
1、数据库连接
连接数据库的代码如下
import mysql.connector
config={'host':'127.0.0.1',#默认127.0.0.1
'user':'root',
'password':'123456',
'port':3306 ,#默认即为3306
'database':'test',
'charset':'utf8'#默认即为utf8
}
try:
cnn=mysql.connector.connect(**config)
except mysql.connector.Error as e:
print('connect fails!{}'.format(e))
2、创建表
下面我们根据上面新建的一个数据库连接创建一张名为student的表:
sql_create_table='CREATE TABLE `student` \
(`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,\
`name` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,\
`age` int(3) DEFAULT NULL,\
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) \
ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8'
cursor=cnn.cursor()
try:
cursor.execute(sql_create_table)
except mysql.connector.Error as e:
print('create table orange fails!{}'.format(e))
3、插入数据
插入数据的语法上和MySQLdb上基本上是一样的:
cursor=cnn.cursor()
try:
'第一种:直接字符串插入方式'
sql_insert1="insert into student (name, age) values ('orange', 20)"
cursor.execute(sql_insert1)
'第二种:元组连接插入方式'
sql_insert2="insert into student (name, age) values (%s, %s)"
#此处的%s为占位符,而不是格式化字符串,所以age用%s
data=('shiki',25)
cursor.execute(sql_insert2,data)
'第三种:字典连接插入方式'
sql_insert3="insert into student (name, age) values (%(name)s, %(age)s)"
data={'name':'mumu','age':30}
cursor.execute(sql_insert3,data)
#如果数据库引擎为Innodb,执行完成后需执行cnn.commit()进行事务提交
except mysql.connector.Error as e:
print('insert datas error!{}'.format(e))
finally:
cursor.close()
cnn.close()
同样,MySQL Connector也支持多次插入,同样其使用的也是cursor.executemany,示例如下:
stmt='insert into student (name, age) values (%s,%s)'
data=[
('Lucy',21),
('Tom',22),
('Lily',21)]
cursor.executemany(stmt,data)
cursor=cnn.cursor()
try:
sql_query='select id,name from student where age > %s'
cursor.execute(sql_query,(21,))
for id,name in cursor:
print ('%s\'s age is older than 25,and her/his id is %d'%(name,id))
except mysql.connector.Error as e:
print('query error!{}'.format(e))
finally:
cursor.close()
cnn.close()
cursor=cnn.cursor()
try:
sql_delete='delete from student where name = %(name)s and age < %(age)s'
data={'name':'orange','age':24}
cursor.execute(sql_delete,data)
except mysql.connector.Error as e:
print('delete error!{}'.format(e))
finally:
cursor.close()
cnn.close()