定义Model
import sequelize from 'sequelize'
var Foo = sequelize.define('foo', {
// 默认值 和 是否为空
flag: { type: Sequelize.BOOLEAN, allowNull: false, defaultValue: true},
// 默认时间为创建时间
myDate: { type: Sequelize.DATE, defaultValue: Sequelize.NOW },
// 设置allowNull为false将会在数据表中添加 NOT NULL列,如果查询时该列为null,数据库会抛出错误
// 如果你想在查询前检查该值是否为null，看一下下面的验证（validations）部分
title: { type: Sequelize.STRING, allowNull: false},
// unique 可以是boolean, 或 string.如果多个列是相同string
// 就会变成 composite unique key.
uniqueOne: { type: Sequelize.STRING, unique: 'compositeIndex'},
uniqueTwo: { type: Sequelize.INTEGER, unique: 'compositeIndex'}
// unique会创建索引
someUnique: {type: Sequelize.STRING, unique: true}
// 也可以这么创建索引
{someUnique: {type: Sequelize.STRING}},
{indexes: [{unique: true, fields: ['someUnique']}]}
// 主键
identifier: { type: Sequelize.STRING, primaryKey: true},
// 自动增量
incrementMe: { type: Sequelize.INTEGER, autoIncrement: true },
// 在MySQL and PG可以有comments
hasComment: { type: Sequelize.INTEGER, comment: "I'm a comment!" },
// 可以通过"field"属性设置特定的值
fieldWithUnderscores: { type: Sequelize.STRING, field: "field_with_underscores" },
// 创建外键
bar_id: {
type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
references: {
// This is a reference to another model
model: Bar,
// This is the column name of the referenced model
key: 'id',
// This declares when to check the foreign key constraint. PostgreSQL only.
deferrable: Sequelize.Deferrable.INITIALLY_IMMEDIATE
}
}
})就像mongoose里定义一样
import mongoose from 'mongoose'
const Schema = mongoose.Schema,
ObjectId = Schema.ObjectId
const topicSchema = new Schema({
title: String,
content: String,
addons: [String],
date: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
deleted: { type: Boolean, default: false},
author: {
id: ObjectId,
nickname: String,
avatarUrl: String
},
location: {type: [Number], index: '2d', sparse: true}, //contain 2 items,long & lat
genre: {type: String, default: 'public'}
});
export default mongoose.model('topic',topicSchema)数据类型
Sequelize.STRING // VARCHAR(255)
Sequelize.STRING(1234) // VARCHAR(1234)
Sequelize.STRING.BINARY // VARCHAR BINARY
Sequelize.TEXT // TEXT
Sequelize.TEXT('tiny') // TINYTEXT
Sequelize.INTEGER // INTEGER
Sequelize.BIGINT // BIGINT
Sequelize.BIGINT(11) // BIGINT(11)
Sequelize.FLOAT // FLOAT
Sequelize.FLOAT(11) // FLOAT(11)
Sequelize.FLOAT(11, 12) // FLOAT(11,12)
Sequelize.REAL // REAL PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.REAL(11) // REAL(11) PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.REAL(11, 12) // REAL(11,12) PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.DOUBLE // DOUBLE
Sequelize.DOUBLE(11) // DOUBLE(11)
Sequelize.DOUBLE(11, 12) // DOUBLE(11,12)
Sequelize.DECIMAL // DECIMAL
Sequelize.DECIMAL(10, 2) // DECIMAL(10,2)
Sequelize.DATE // DATETIME for mysql / sqlite, TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE for postgres
Sequelize.DATE(6) // DATETIME(6) for mysql 5.6.4+. Fractional seconds support with up to 6 digits of precision
Sequelize.DATEONLY // DATE without time.
Sequelize.BOOLEAN // TINYINT(1)
Sequelize.ENUM('value 1', 'value 2') // An ENUM with allowed values 'value 1' and 'value 2'
Sequelize.ARRAY(Sequelize.TEXT) // Defines an array. PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.JSON // JSON column. PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.JSONB // JSONB column. PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.BLOB // BLOB (bytea for PostgreSQL)
Sequelize.BLOB('tiny') // TINYBLOB (bytea for PostgreSQL. Other options are medium and long)
Sequelize.UUID // UUID datatype for PostgreSQL and SQLite, CHAR(36) BINARY for MySQL (use defaultValue: Sequelize.UUIDV1 or Sequelize.UUIDV4 to make sequelize generate the ids automatically)
Sequelize.RANGE(Sequelize.INTEGER) // Defines int4range range. PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.RANGE(Sequelize.BIGINT) // Defined int8range range. PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.RANGE(Sequelize.DATE) // Defines tstzrange range. PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.RANGE(Sequelize.DATEONLY) // Defines daterange range. PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.RANGE(Sequelize.DECIMAL) // Defines numrange range. PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.ARRAY(Sequelize.RANGE(Sequelize.DATE)) // Defines array of tstzrange ranges. PostgreSQL only.
Sequelize.GEOMETRY // Spatial column. PostgreSQL (with PostGIS) or MySQL only.
Sequelize.GEOMETRY('POINT') // Spatial column with geomerty type. PostgreSQL (with PostGIS) or MySQL only.
Sequelize.GEOMETRY('POINT', 4326) // Spatial column with geomerty type and SRID. PostgreSQL范围类型
// 默认左开右闭'["2016-01-01 00:00:00+00:00", "2016-02-01 00:00:00+00:00")'
// inclusive lower bound, exclusive upper bound
Timeline.create({ range: [new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 0, 1)), new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 1, 1))] });
// control inclusion
const range = [new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 0, 1)), new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 1, 1))];
range.inclusive = false; // '()'
range.inclusive = [false, true]; // '(]'
range.inclusive = true; // '[]'
range.inclusive = [true, false]; // '[)'
// or as a single expression
const range = [
{ value: new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 0, 1)), inclusive: false },
{ value: new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 1, 1)), inclusive: true },
];
// '("2016-01-01 00:00:00+00:00", "2016-02-01 00:00:00+00:00"]'
// composite form
const range = [
{ value: new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 0, 1)), inclusive: false },
new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 1, 1)),
];
// '("2016-01-01 00:00:00+00:00", "2016-02-01 00:00:00+00:00")'
Timeline.create({ range });特例
// empty range:
Timeline.create({ range: [] }); // range = 'empty'
// Unbounded range:
Timeline.create({ range: [null, null] }); // range = '[,)'
// range = '[,"2016-01-01 00:00:00+00:00")'
Timeline.create({ range: [null, new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 0, 1))] });
// Infinite range:
// range = '[-infinity,"2016-01-01 00:00:00+00:00")'
Timeline.create({ range: [-Infinity, new Date(Date.UTC(2016, 0, 1))] });推迟
// Defer all foreign key constraint check to the end of a transaction
Sequelize.Deferrable.INITIALLY_DEFERRED
// Immediately check the foreign key constraints
Sequelize.Deferrable.INITIALLY_IMMEDIATE
// Don't defer the checks at all
Sequelize.Deferrable.NOTGetters & setters
两种方式定义：
作为属性的一部分
var Employee = sequelize.define('employee', {
name: {
type : Sequelize.STRING,
allowNull: false,
get : function() {
var title = this.getDataValue('title');
// 'this' allows you to access attributes of the instance
return this.getDataValue('name') + ' (' + title + ')';
},
},
title: {
type : Sequelize.STRING,
allowNull: false,
set : function(val) {
this.setDataValue('title', val.toUpperCase());
}
}
});
Employee
.create({ name: 'John Doe', title: 'senior engineer' })
.then(function(employee) {
console.log(employee.get('name')); // John Doe (SENIOR ENGINEER)
console.log(employee.get('title')); // SENIOR ENGINEER
})作为model选项的一部分
var Foo = sequelize.define('foo', {
firstname: Sequelize.STRING,
lastname: Sequelize.STRING
}, {
getterMethods : {
fullName : function() { return this.firstname + ' ' + this.lastname }
},
setterMethods : {
fullName : function(value) {
var names = value.split(' ');
this.setDataValue('firstname', names.slice(0, -1).join(' '));
this.setDataValue('lastname', names.slice(-1).join(' '));
},
}
});Validations验证
var ValidateMe = sequelize.define('foo', {
foo: {
type: Sequelize.STRING,
validate: {
is: ["^[a-z]+$",'i'], // will only allow letters
is: /^[a-z]+$/i, // same as the previous example using real RegExp
not: ["[a-z]",'i'], // will not allow letters
isEmail: true, // checks for email format ([email protected])
isUrl: true, // checks for url format (http://foo.com)
isIP: true, // checks for IPv4 (129.89.23.1) or IPv6 format
isIPv4: true, // checks for IPv4 (129.89.23.1)
isIPv6: true, // checks for IPv6 format
isAlpha: true, // will only allow letters
isAlphanumeric: true, // will only allow alphanumeric characters, so "_abc" will fail
isNumeric: true, // will only allow numbers
isInt: true, // checks for valid integers
isFloat: true, // checks for valid floating point numbers
isDecimal: true, // checks for any numbers
isLowercase: true, // checks for lowercase
isUppercase: true, // checks for uppercase
notNull: true, // won't allow null
isNull: true, // only allows null
notEmpty: true, // don't allow empty strings
equals: 'specific value', // only allow a specific value
contains: 'foo', // force specific substrings
notIn: [['foo', 'bar']], // check the value is not one of these
isIn: [['foo', 'bar']], // check the value is one of these
notContains: 'bar', // don't allow specific substrings
len: [2,10], // only allow values with length between 2 and 10
isUUID: 4, // only allow uuids
isDate: true, // only allow date strings
isAfter: "2011-11-05", // only allow date strings after a specific date
isBefore: "2011-11-05", // only allow date strings before a specific date
max: 23, // only allow values
min: 23, // only allow values >= 23
isArray: true, // only allow arrays
isCreditCard: true, // check for valid credit card numbers
// custom validations are also possible:
isEven: function(value) {
if(parseInt(value) % 2 != 0) {
throw new Error('Only even values are allowed!')
// we also are in the model's context here, so this.otherField
// would get the value of otherField if it existed
}
}
}
}
});错误信息
isInt: {
msg: "Must be an integer number of pennies"
}或
isIn: {
args: [['en', 'zh']],
msg: "Must be English or Chinese"
}数据同步
Project.sync()
Task.sync()
// Force the creation!
Project.sync({force: true}) // this will drop the table first and re-create it afterwards
// drop the tables:
Project.drop()
Task.drop()
// event handling:
Project.[sync|drop]().then(function() {
// ok ... everything is nice!
}).catch(function(error) {
// oooh, did you enter wrong database credentials?
})
// Sync all models that aren't already in the database
sequelize.sync()
// Force sync all models
sequelize.sync({force: true})
// Drop all tables
sequelize.drop()
// emit handling:
sequelize.[sync|drop]().then(function() {
// woot woot
}).catch(function(error) {
// whooops
})Models扩展
var User = sequelize.define('user', { firstname: Sequelize.STRING });
// Adding a class level method
User.classLevelMethod = function() {
return 'foo';
};
// Adding an instance level method
User.prototype.instanceLevelMethod = function() {
return 'bar';
};索引
sequelize.define('user', {}, {
indexes: [
// Create a unique index on email
{
unique: true,
fields: ['email']
},
// Creates a gin index on data with the jsonb_path_ops operator
{
fields: ['data'],
using: 'gin',
operator: 'jsonb_path_ops'
},
// By default index name will be [table]_[fields]
// Creates a multi column partial index
{
name: 'public_by_author',
fields: ['author', 'status'],
where: {
status: 'public'
}
},
// A BTREE index with a ordered field
{
name: 'title_index',
method: 'BTREE',
fields: ['author', {attribute: 'title', collate: 'en_US', order: 'DESC', length: 5}]
}
]
})