Usage:
pg_dump [OPTION]… [DBNAME] 数据库名放最后,不指定默认是系统变量PGDATABASE指定的数据库。
General options:(一般选项)
-f, –file=FILENAME output file or directory name导出后保存的文件名
-F, –format=c|d|t|p output file format (custom, directory, tar,导出文件的格式plain text (default))
-j, –jobs=NUM use this many parallel jobs to dump并行数
-v, –verbose verbose mode
详细模式
-V, –version output version information, then exit输出版本信息, 然后退出
-Z, –compress=0-9 compression level for compressed formats被压缩格式的压缩级别
–lock-wait-timeout=TIMEOUT fail after waiting TIMEOUT for a table lock在等待表锁超时后操作失败
-?, –help show this help, then exit显示此帮助信息, 然后退出
Options controlling the output content:(控制输出的选项)
-a, –data-only dump only the data, not the schema只导出数据,不包括模式
-b, –blobs include large objects in dump在转储中包括大对象
-c, –clean clean (drop) database objects before recreating在重新创建之前,先清除(删除)数据库对象
-C, –create include commands to create database in dump在转储中包括命令,以便创建数据库(包括建库语句,无需在导入之前先建数据库)
-E, –encoding=ENCODING dump the data in encoding ENCODING转储以ENCODING形式编码的数据
-n, –schema=SCHEMA dump the named schema(s) only只转储指定名称的模式
-N, –exclude-schema=SCHEMA do NOT dump the named schema(s)不转储已命名的模式
-o, –oids include OIDs in dump在转储中包括 OID
-O, –no-owner skip restoration of object ownership in在明文格式中, 忽略恢复对象所属者 plain-text format
-s, –schema-only dump only the schema, no data只转储模式, 不包括数据(不导出数据)
-S, –superuser=NAME superuser user name to use in plain-text format在转储中, 指定的超级用户名
-t, –table=TABLE dump the named table(s) only只转储指定名称的表
-T, –exclude-table=TABLE do NOT dump the named table(s)只转储指定名称的表
-x, –no-privileges do not dump privileges (grant/revoke)不要转储权限 (grant/revoke)
–binary-upgrade for use by upgrade utilities only只能由升级工具使用
–column-inserts dump data as INSERT commands with column names以带有列名的INSERT命令形式转储数据
–disable-dollar-quoting disable dollar quoting, use SQL standard quoting取消美元 (符号) 引号, 使用 SQL 标准引号
–disable-triggers disable triggers during data-only restore在只恢复数据的过程中禁用触发器
–exclude-table-data=TABLE do NOT dump data for the named table(s)以INSERT命令,而不是COPY命令的形式转储数据
–inserts dump data as INSERT commands, rather than COPY
–no-security-labels do not dump security label assignments
–no-synchronized-snapshots do not use synchronized snapshots in parallel jobs
–no-tablespaces do not dump tablespace assignments不转储表空间分配信息
–no-unlogged-table-data do not dump unlogged table data
–quote-all-identifiers quote all identifiers, even if not key words
–section=SECTION dump named section (pre-data, data, or post-data)
–serializable-deferrable wait until the dump can run without anomalies
–use-set-session-authorizationuse SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION commands instead of
ALTER OWNER commands to set ownership
Connection options:(控制连接的选项)
-d, –dbname=DBNAME database to dump
数据库名
-h, –host=HOSTNAME database server host or socket directory数据库服务器的主机名或套接字目录
-p, –port=PORT database server port number数据库服务器的端口号
-U, –username=NAME connect as specified database user以指定的数据库用户联接
-w, –no-password never prompt for password永远不提示输入口令
-W, –password force password prompt (should happen automatically)强制口令提示 (自动)
–role=ROLENAME do SET ROLE before dump
If no database name is supplied, then the PGDATABASE environment如果没有提供数据库名字, 那么使用 PGDATABASE 环境变量的数值.
variable value is used.
Report bugs to [email protected].
示例:
只导出postgres数据库的数据,不包括模式 -s
pg_dump -U postgres -f /postgres.sql -s postgres(数据库名)
导出postgres数据库(包括数据)
pg_dump -U postgres -f /postgres.sql postgres(数据库名)
导出postgres数据库中表test01的数据
create database “test01” with owner=”postgres” encoding=’utf-8’;(单引号,双引号不能错)
pg_dump -U postgres -f /postgres.sql -t test01 postgres(数据库名)
导出postgres数据库中表test01的数据,以insert语句的形式
pg_dump -U postgres -f /postgres.sql -t test01 –column-inserts postgres(数据库名)
恢复数据到bk01数据库
psql -U postgres -f /postgres.sql bk01
pg_restore
使用pg_restore纯文本恢复纯文本格式的脚本,无法恢复
[root@localhost postgres-9.3.5]# pg_restore -U postgres -d bk01 /mnt/hgfs/window\&ubuntu\ shared\ folder/vendemo.sql
pg_restore: [archiver] input file appears to be a text format dump. Please use psql.
pg_restore和归档文件格式一起使用重建数据库。
先备份:
pg_dump -U postgres -F t -f /vendemo.tar vendemo 备份下来有800多k
. 恢复:
pg_restore -U postgres -d bk01 /vendemo.tar
先备份:
pg_dump -U postgres -F c -f /vendemo.tar vendemo 备份下来有300多k
. 恢复:
pg_restore -U postgres -d bk01 /vendemo.tar