SqlLoad 使用
一、导入文件的区分
sqlldr user/passwd@SID control="\hm.txt"
-----------------------------自己的模板
LOAD DATA
CHARACTERSET ZHS16GBK #让导入的为 中文 防止乱码
infile '/home/oracle/D0807020090224000001.AVL' "str X'0A'" #"str X'0A'" 表示 以'0A'结尾
Append
INTO TABLE TD_B_PACKAGE
FIELDS TERMINATED BY X'01'
(PACKAGE_ID
,PACKAGE_NAME
,PACKAGE_TYPE_CODE
,PACKAGE_DESC
,START_DATE "to_date(:START_DATE,'''YYYYMMDDHH24MISS''')"
,END_DATE "to_date(:END_DATE,'''YYYYMMDDHH24MISS''')"
,UPDATE_STAFF_ID
,UPDATE_DEPART_ID
,UPDATE_TIME "to_date(:UPDATE_TIME,'''YYYYMMDDHH24MISS''')"
,MIN_NUMBER
,MAX_NUMBER
,NEED_EXP)
-----------------------------
今天有朋友询问：
我们...应用系统很多，它们之间要交换很多数据，目前是以文本方式交换，问题是文本的分隔符号是（|+|），为三个字符，主要是避免数据的混淆.....
这样的文件能够用sqlldr导入么?
我测试了一下，试验证明是可以的，sqlldr支持多字符分隔符文件导入。
首先看我的数据文件和控制文件:
[oracle@jumper tmp]$ cat data.ctl
load data
into table TEST
fields terminated by "|+|"
(
T_ID,
T_VOL
)
[oracle@jumper tmp]$ cat data.txt
20021228000000|+|00120000
20021228000000|+|00130000
20021228000000|+|00140000
20021||8000000|+|00140000
20021++8000000|+|00140000
创建测试表:
[oracle@jumper tmp]$ sqlplus eygle/eygleSQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Nov 21 13:21:16 2006
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - ProductionSQL> create table test
2 (T_ID varchar2(20),
3 T_VOL varchar2(20)
4 );Table created.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
加载数据:
[oracle@jumper tmp]$ sqlldr eygle/eygle control=data.ctl data=data.txtSQL*Loader: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Nov 21 13:23:53 2006
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Commit point reached - logical record count 5
[oracle@jumper tmp]$ sqlplus eygle/eygleSQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Nov 21 13:23:57 2006
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - ProductionSQL> select * from test;
T_ID T_VOL
-------------------- --------------------
20021228000000 00120000
20021228000000 00130000
20021228000000 00140000
20021||8000000 00140000
20021++8000000 00140000SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
参考:http://www.orafaq.com/faq/sql_loader
使用SQLLOAD导入变长字符:
LOAD DATA
INFILE *
append
INTO TABLE tmp_test
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ","
OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
TRAILING NULLCOLS
( data1,
data2
)
BEGINDATA
11111,AAAAAAAAAA
22222,"A,B,C,D,"
使用SQLLOAD导入定长字符:
LOAD DATA
INFILE *
INTO TABLE load_positional_data
( data1 POSITION(1:5),
data2 POSITION(6:15)
)
BEGINDATA
11111AAAAAAAAAA
22222BBBBBBBBBB
使用SQLLOAD导入数据时 不导入从文件头开始的指定行数据.
OPTIONS (SKIP 1)
LOAD DATA
INFILE *
skip 1
append
INTO TABLE tmp_test
( data1 POSITION(1:5),
data2 POSITION(6:15)
)
BEGINDATA
11111AAAAAAAAAA
22222BBBBBBBBBB
...
#sqlldr sms/admin control=test.ctl skip=1
使用SQLLOAD导入数据时,如何添加/修改数据
LOAD DATA
INFILE *
INTO TABLE tmp_test
( rec_no "my_db_sequence.nextval",
region CONSTANT '31',
time_loaded "to_char(SYSDATE, 'HH24:MI')",
data1 POSITION(1:5) ":data1/100",
data2 POSITION(6:15) "upper(:data2)",
data3 POSITION(16:22)"to_date(:data3, 'YYMMDD')"
)
BEGINDATA
11111AAAAAAAAAA991201
22222BBBBBBBBBB990112
LOAD DATA
INFILE 'mail_orders.txt'
BADFILE 'bad_orders.txt'
APPEND
INTO TABLE mailing_list
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ","
( addr,
city,
state,
zipcode,
mailing_addr "decode(:mailing_addr, null, :addr, :mailing_addr)",
mailing_city "decode(:mailing_city, null, :city, :mailing_city)",
mailing_state
)
使用SQL*LOAD一次导入多个文件到同一个表
LOAD DATA
INFILE file1.dat
INFILE file2.dat
INFILE file3.dat
APPEND
INTO TABLE emp
( empno POSITION(1:4) INTEGER EXTERNAL,
ename POSITION(6:15) CHAR,
deptno POSITION(17:18) CHAR,
mgr POSITION(20:23) INTEGER EXTERNAL
)
使用SQL*LOAD将一个文件导入不同的表
LOAD DATA
INFILE *
INTO TABLE tab1 WHEN tab = 'tab1'
( tab FILLER CHAR(4),
col1 INTEGER
)
INTO TABLE tab2 WHEN tab = 'tab2'
( tab FILLER POSITION(1:4),
col1 INTEGER
)
BEGINDATA
tab1|1
tab1|2
tab2|2
tab3|3
==============
LOAD DATA
INFILE 'mydata.dat'
REPLACE
INTO TABLE emp
WHEN empno != ' '
( empno POSITION(1:4) INTEGER EXTERNAL,
ename POSITION(6:15) CHAR,
deptno POSITION(17:18) CHAR,
mgr POSITION(20:23) INTEGER EXTERNAL
)
INTO TABLE proj
WHEN projno != ' '
( projno POSITION(25:27) INTEGER EXTERNAL,
empno POSITION(1:4) INTEGER EXTERNAL
)
使用SQL*LOAD有选择性的导入数据到一个或多个表中
注:
SQL*LOAD不允许在when语句中使用OR...只能使用AND
(01) 表示数据文件中的第一个字符
(30:37) 表示数据文件中第30-37个字符
LOAD DATA
INFILE 'mydata.dat'
BADFILE 'mydata.bad'
DISCARDFILE 'mydata.dis'
APPEND
INTO TABLE my_selective_table
WHEN (01) <> 'H' and (01) <> 'T' and (30:37) = '20031217'
(
region CONSTANT '31',
service_key POSITION(01:11) INTEGER EXTERNAL,
call_b_no POSITION(12:29) CHAR
)
==============
LOAD DATA
INFILE 'mydata.dat' BADFILE 'mydata.bad' DISCARDFILE 'mydata.dis'
APPEND
INTO TABLE my_selective_table
WHEN (01) <> 'H' and (01) <> 'T'
(
region CONSTANT '31',
service_key POSITION(01:11) INTEGER EXTERNAL,
call_b_no POSITION(12:29) CHAR
)
INTO TABLE my_selective_table
WHEN (30:37) = '20031217'
(
region CONSTANT '31',
service_key POSITION(01:11) INTEGER EXTERNAL,
call_b_no POSITION(12:29) CHAR
)
使用SQL*LOAD导入数据时,过滤数据文件中的指定列
LOAD DATA
TRUNCATE INTO TABLE T1
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
( field1,
field2 FILLER,
field3
)
使用SQL*LOAD导入LOB等大对象
CREATE TABLE image_table (
image_id NUMBER(5),
file_name VARCHAR2(30),
image_data BLOB);
LOAD DATA
INFILE *
INTO TABLE image_table
REPLACE
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
(
image_id INTEGER(5),
file_name CHAR(30),
image_data LOBFILE (file_name) TERMINATED BY EOF
)
BEGINDATA
001,image1.gif
002,image2.jpg
003,image3.jpg