Windows commands for network:PING,Netstat and Tracert
1.Ping
What:
The ping command operates by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request messages to the destination computer and waiting for a response.
How many of those responses are returned, and how long it takes for them to return, are the two major pieces of information that the ping command provides.
When:
The ping command helps to verify IP-level connectivity. When troubleshooting, you can use ping to send an ICMP echo request to a target host name or IP address. Use ping whenever you need to verify that a host computer can connect to the TCP/IP network and network resources.
How:(example)
In this example, the ping command is used to ping the hostname www.google.com. The -n option tells the ping command to send 5 ICMP Echo Requests instead of the default of 4 and the -l option sets the packet size for each request to 1500 bytes instead of the default of 32 bytes. The result displayed in the Command Prompt window will look something like this:
2.Tracert
What:
A traceroute is a function which traces the path from one network to another. It allows us to diagnose the source of many problems.
When:
To be effective, the traceroute MUST be run during a time when you are experiencing the problem, from a computer that is experiencing the problem. A trace when you are able to connect, or one from another computer, is not helpful. Therefore, you should try to connect to your site again just before you run it. If the problem is no longer occurring, you will have to wait until the next time the problem occurs (if there is a next time) before running your traceroute.
How:
Using the tracert command as shown above, we're asking tracert to show us the path from the local computer all the way to the network device with the hostname www.google.com.
In this example we can see that tracert identified fifteen network devices including our router at 10.1.0.1 and all the way through to the target of www.google.com, which we now know uses the public IP address of 209.85.225.104.
3.Netstat
What:
The netstat command is a Command Prompt command used to display very detailed information about how your computer is communicating with other computers or network devices.
Displays active TCP connections, ports on which the computer is listening, Ethernet statistics, the IP routing table, IPv4 statistics (for the IP, ICMP, TCP, and UDP protocols), and IPv6 statistics (for the IPv6, ICMPv6, TCP over IPv6, and UDP over IPv6 protocols). Used without parameters, netstat displays active TCP connections.
When:Specifically, the netstat command can show details about individual network connections, overall and protocol-specific networking statistics, and much more, all of which could help troubleshoot certain kinds of networking issues.
How:
The most common iteration of netstat is to use the -a parameter, which displays all connections and listening ports.
netstat -f
In this first example, I execute netstat to show all active TCP connections. However, I do want to see the computers I'm connected to in FQDN format [-f] instead of a simple IP address.
Here's an example of what you might see:
Reference:
https://www.lifewire.com/ping-command-2618099
http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/the-enterprise-cloud/netstat-tips-and-tricks-for-windows-server-admins/