mysql在linux系统中的安装

mysql在linux下的安装

安装环境:系统是 centos6.5

1、下载

下载地址:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads

下载版本:我这里选择的5.6.33,通用版,linux下64位

也可以直接复制64位的下载地址,通过命令下载:wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

2、解压

解压

tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

复制解压后的mysql目录

cp -r mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local

重命名

mv /usr/local/mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

3、添加用户组和用户

添加用户组

groupadd mysql

添加用户mysql 到用户组mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

4、安装

cd到msql目录
cd /usr/local/mysql/
创建目录data.mysql
mkdir ./data/mysql
将mysql目录的拥有者指定给mysql组的mysql  chown [选项]... [所有者][:[组]] 文件...
chown -R mysql:mysql ./

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql
 将mysql加入服务,命名为mysqld
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

出现如下异常:
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/bin/mysql_install_db:
Data:Dumper

解决方案:

yum install -y perl-Module-Install.noarch

修改启动脚本vi

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

修改项:

basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql

启动服务

service mysqld start
chkconfig mysqld on(开机自启mysql,自启之后,下次打开Linux就不需要再启动mysqld服务了)

测试连接

到mysql bin目录
mysql -u root -p 第一次可直接进去
修改root密码
set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('123456');

加入环境变量,编辑 /etc/profile,这样可以在任何地方用mysql命令了

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
source /etc/profile

启动mysql

service mysqld start

关闭mysql

service mysqld stop

查看运行状态

service mysqld status

5、错误

5.1 sqlyog连接时,报1130错误,是由于没有给远程连接的用户权限问题

解决1:更改 ‘mysql’数据库‘user’表‘host’项,从‘localhost’改成‘%’。

use mysql;
select 'host' from user where user='root'; 
update user set host = '%' where user ='root';
flush privileges; 

解决2:直接授权(常用)进入mysql

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root’@'%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘youpassword’ WITH GRANT OPTION;

5.2 安装时的一些错误

-bash: ./scripts/mysql_install_db: /usr/bin/perl: bad interpreter: 没有那个文件或目录
    解决: yum -y install perl perl-devel

Installing MySQL system tables…/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
    解决:yum -y install libaio-devel

6、其他

6.1 配置环境变量

vi + /etc/profile

export PATH=…:/usr/local/mysql/bin
6.2 如果在外面访问需要关闭防火墙

    关闭防火墙命令:systemctl stop firewalld.service
    开启防火墙:systemctl start firewalld.service
    关闭开机自启动:systemctl disable firewalld.service
    开启开机启动:systemctl enable firewalld.service

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