Django入门（二）之一对多和多对多表结构操作、Ajax提交

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一、本机环境

---

操作系统：Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.3 (Maipo)
python版本：python3.6

[root@python _Django]# tree project
project
├── app
│   ├── admin.py
│   ├── apps.py
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── migrations
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   └── __pycache__
│   │       ├── 0001_initial.cpython-36.pyc
│   │       ├── 0002_business_code.cpython-36.pyc
│   │       └── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│   ├── models.py
│   ├── __pycache__
│   │   ├── admin.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   ├── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   ├── models.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   └── views.cpython-36.pyc
│   ├── tests.py
│   └── views.py
├── db.sqlite3
├── manage.py
├── project
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── __pycache__
│   │   ├── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   ├── settings.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   ├── urls.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   └── wsgi.cpython-36.pyc
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   └── wsgi.py
├── static
│   └── jquery-1.12.4.min.js
└── templates

二、获取单表数据的三种方式

---

三种方式：对象方式、字典方式、元组方式

1、配置urls.py

[root@python project]# ls
app  db.sqlite3  manage.py  project  static  templates

[root@python project]# vim project/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from app import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('business/', views.business),
]

2、配置models.py

 ###创建数据库表，可以在settings.py中进行其他数据库的连接（默认sqlite）
[root@python project]# vim app/models.py
from django.db import models

class Business(models.Model):
    caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    code = models.CharField(max_length=10, null=True, default='DM')

class Host(models.Model):
    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    ### db_index加索引
    hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32, db_index=True)
    ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol='ipv4', db_index=True)
    port = models.IntegerField()
    b = models.ForeignKey(to='Business', to_field='id', on_delete=models.CASCADE)

3、配置views.py

[root@python project]# vim app/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from app import models

def business(request):
    ### QuerySet,对象方式
    v = models.Business.objects.all()
    ### QuerySet,字典方式
    v1 = models.Business.objects.all().values('id', 'caption', 'code')
    ### QuerySet,元组方式
    v2 = models.Business.objects.all().values_list('id', 'caption', 'code')
    return render(request, 'business.html', {'v': v, 'v1': v1, 'v2': v2})

4、配置business.html

[root@python project]# vim templates/business.html



    
    


    
部门（对象）
    

        {% for row in v %}
        
{{ row.id }}-{{ row.caption }}-{{ row.code }}
        {% endfor %}
    
    
部门（字典）
    

        {% for row in v1 %}
        
{{ row.id }}-{{ row.caption }}-{{ row.code }}
        {% endfor %}
    
    
部门（元组）
    

        {% for row in v2 %}
        
{{ row.0 }}-{{ row.1 }}-{{ row.2 }}
        {% endfor %}
    

5、启动并访问

浏览器访问：http://10.10.10.111:8000/business/

[root@python project]# python manage.py makemigrations
[root@python project]# python manage.py migrate
### 数据库中插入数据
[root@python project]# mysql -uroot -p1
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from project.app_business;
+----+-----------------+------+
| id | caption         | code |
+----+-----------------+------+
|  1 | 技术支持部      | DM   |
|  2 | 研发部          | DM   |
|  3 | 销售部          | DM   |
|  4 | 测试部          | DM   |
+----+-----------------+------+

[root@python project]# python manage.py runserver 10.10.10.111:8000

三、一对多跨表操作

---

1、数据库添加数据

[root@python project]# mysql -uroot -p1
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from project.app_host;    
+-----+----------+------------+-------+------+
| nid | hostname | ip         | port  | b_id |
+-----+----------+------------+-------+------+
|   1 | server1  | 10.10.10.1 | 10001 |    1 |
|   2 | server2  | 10.10.10.2 | 10002 |    2 |
|   3 | server3  | 10.10.10.3 | 10003 |    2 |
+-----+----------+------------+-------+------+

2、配置urls.py

[root@python project]# vim project/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.urls import re_path
from app import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('business/', views.business),
    re_path('host$', views.host),
]

3、配置views.py

[root@python project]# vim app/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from app import models

def business(request):
    ### QuerySet,对象方式
    v = models.Business.objects.all()
    ### QuerySet,字典方式
    v1 = models.Business.objects.all().values('id', 'caption', 'code')
    ### QuerySet,元组方式
    v2 = models.Business.objects.all().values_list('id', 'caption', 'code')
    return render(request, 'business.html', {'v': v, 'v1': v1, 'v2': v2})

def host(request):
    v1 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)
    for row in v1:
        ### sep：间隔为table
        print (row.nid, row.hostname, row.ip, row.port, row.b_id, row.b.caption, row.b.code, row.b.id, sep='\t')
    return HttpResponse('host ok')

4、访问

http://10.10.10.111:8000/host

[root@python project]# python manage.py runserver 10.10.10.111:8000
...
1       server1 10.10.10.1      10001   1       技术支持部      DM      1
2       server2 10.10.10.2      10002   2       研发部  DM      2
3       server3 10.10.10.3      10003   2       研发部  DM      2

四、三种模式

---

1、修改views.py

[root@python project]# vim app/views.py
def host(request):
    v1 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)
    for row in v1:
        print (row.nid, row.hostname, row.ip, row.port, row.b_id, row.b.caption, row.b.code, row.b.id, sep='\t')
    # return HttpResponse('host ok')
    v2 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid', 'hostname','b_id', 'b__caption')
    for row2 in v2:
        print (row2)
        # print (row2['nid'], row2['hostname'], row2['b_id'],row2['b__caption'])
    v3 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid', 'hostname','b_id', 'b__caption')
    for row3 in v3:
        print (row3)
    return render(request, 'host.html', {'v1': v1, 'v2': v2, 'v3': v3,})

2、配置html

[root@python project]# vim templates/host.html



    
    


Info（对象）：

        {% for row in v1 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
IP
            
端口
            
部门名称
            
部门编码
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.ip }}
                
{{ row.port }}
                
{{ row.b.caption }}
                
{{ row.b.code }}
            


Info（字典）：

        {% for row in v2 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.b__caption }}
            


Info（元组）：

        {% for row in v3 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.1 }}
                
{{ row.3 }}
            

五、排序

---

1、说明

正序：forloop.counter、forloop.counter0
倒序：forloop.revcounter、forloop.revcounter0
是否为第一个（布尔）：forloop.first
是否为最后一个（布尔）：forloop.last

2、配置host.html

[root@python project]# vim templates/host.html



    
    


Info（对象）：

        {% for row in v1 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
序号
            
主机名
            
IP
            
端口
            
部门名称
            
部门编码
        
    
    

            

                
{{ forloop.counter }}
                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.ip }}
                
{{ row.port }}
                
{{ row.b.caption }}
                
{{ row.b.code }}
            


Info（字典）：

        {% for row in v2 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.b__caption }}
            


Info（元组）：

        {% for row in v3 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.1 }}
                
{{ row.3 }}
            

3、forloop.parentloop

    
    


Info（对象）：

    {% for i in v1 %}
        {% for row in v1 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
序号
            
主机名
            
IP
            
端口
            
部门名称
            
部门编码
        
    
    

            

                
{{ forloop.parentloop }}
                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.ip }}
                
{{ row.port }}
                
{{ row.b.caption }}
                
{{ row.b.code }}
            


Info（字典）：

        {% for row in v2 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.b__caption }}
            


Info（元组）：

        {% for row in v3 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.1 }}
                
{{ row.3 }}
            

4、添加数据

（1）配置views.py

[root@python project]# vim app/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from app import models

def business(request):
    ### QuerySet,对象方式
    v = models.Business.objects.all()
    ### QuerySet,字典方式
    v1 = models.Business.objects.all().values('id', 'caption', 'code')
    ### QuerySet,元组方式
    v2 = models.Business.objects.all().values_list('id', 'caption', 'code')
    return render(request, 'business.html', {'v': v, 'v1': v1, 'v2': v2})


def host(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        v1 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)
        v2 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid', 'hostname', 'b_id', 'b__caption')
        v3 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid', 'hostname', 'b_id', 'b__caption')
        b_list = models.Business.objects.all()
        return render(request, 'host.html', {'v1': v1, 'v2': v2, 'v3': v3, 'b_list': b_list, })
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        h = request.POST.get('hostname')
        i = request.POST.get('ip')
        p = request.POST.get('port')
        b = request.POST.get('b_id')
        models.Host.objects.create(
            hostname=h,
            ip=i,
            port=p,
            b_id=b,
        )
        return redirect('/host')

（2）配置host.html

[root@python project]# vim templates/host.html



    
    
    


Info（对象）：

    


        {% for row in v1 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
序号
            
主机名
            
IP
            
端口
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ forloop.counter }}
                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.ip }}
                
{{ row.port }}
                
{{ row.b.caption }}
            


Info（字典）：

        {% for row in v2 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.b__caption }}
            


Info（元组）：

        {% for row in v3 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

        

            

                
            
            

                
            
            

                
            
            

                
                    {% for i in b_list %}
                    {{ i.caption }}
                    {% endfor %}
                
            
                
                
        
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.1 }}
                
{{ row.3 }}
            
    
    

    
    

六、Ajax提交

---

1、介绍

Ajax：
简单写法：
	$.ajax({
		url: '/host',
		type: "POST",
		data: {'key': value,'key2': "value2"},
		success: function(data){
			// data是服务器端返回的字符串
			var obj = JSON.parse(data);
		}
	})
	
通用写法：
	$.ajax({
	url: '/index/',
	data: {'k': 'v', 'list': [1,2,3,4], 'k3': JSON.stringfy({'k1': 'v'}))}, $(form对象).serilize() 
	type: 'POST',
	dataType: 'JSON':
	traditional: true,
	success：function(d){
		location.reload()              # 刷新
		location.href = "某个地址"     # 跳转
	}
	})
		
### 建议让服务器端返回一个字典
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(字典))

2、通过Ajax提交

（1）配置urls.py

[root@python project]# vim project/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.urls import re_path
from app import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('business/', views.business),
    re_path('host$', views.host),
    path('test_ajax/', views.test_ajax),
]

（2）配置views.py

[root@python project]# vim app/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from app import models

def business(request):
    ### QuerySet,对象方式
    v = models.Business.objects.all()
    ### QuerySet,字典方式
    v1 = models.Business.objects.all().values('id', 'caption', 'code')
    ### QuerySet,元组方式
    v2 = models.Business.objects.all().values_list('id', 'caption', 'code')
    return render(request, 'business.html', {'v': v, 'v1': v1, 'v2': v2})

def host(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        v1 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)
        v2 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid', 'hostname', 'b_id', 'b__caption')
        v3 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid', 'hostname', 'b_id', 'b__caption')
        b_list = models.Business.objects.all()
        return render(request, 'host.html', {'v1': v1, 'v2': v2, 'v3': v3, 'b_list': b_list, })
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        h = request.POST.get('hostname')
        i = request.POST.get('ip')
        p = request.POST.get('port')
        b = request.POST.get('b_id')
        models.Host.objects.create(
            hostname=h,
            ip=i,
            port=p,
            b_id=b,
        )
        return redirect('/host')

def test_ajax(request):
    h = request.POST.get('hostname')
    i = request.POST.get('ip')
    p = request.POST.get('port')
    b = request.POST.get('b_id')
    if h and len(h) > 3:
        models.Host.objects.create(
            hostname=h,
            ip=i,
            port=p,
            b_id=b,
        )
        return HttpResponse('OK')
    else:
        return HttpResponse('Hostname is to short！！！')

（3）配置HTML

[root@python project]# vim templates/host.html



    
    
    


Info（对象）：

    


        {% for row in v1 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
序号
            
主机名
            
IP
            
端口
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ forloop.counter }}
                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.ip }}
                
{{ row.port }}
                
{{ row.b.caption }}
            


Info（字典）：

        {% for row in v2 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.b__caption }}
            


Info（元组）：

        {% for row in v3 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

        

            

                
            
            

                
            
            

                
            
            

                
                    {% for i in b_list %}
                    {{ i.caption }}
                    {% endfor %}
                
            
                
                
                
        
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.1 }}
                
{{ row.3 }}
            
    
    
    
    

3、优化

（1）配置views.py

[root@python project]# vim app/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from app import models

def business(request):
    ### QuerySet,对象方式
    v = models.Business.objects.all()
    ### QuerySet,字典方式
    v1 = models.Business.objects.all().values('id', 'caption', 'code')
    ### QuerySet,元组方式
    v2 = models.Business.objects.all().values_list('id', 'caption', 'code')
    return render(request, 'business.html', {'v': v, 'v1': v1, 'v2': v2})

def host(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        v1 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)
        v2 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid', 'hostname', 'b_id', 'b__caption')
        v3 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid', 'hostname', 'b_id', 'b__caption')
        b_list = models.Business.objects.all()
        return render(request, 'host.html', {'v1': v1, 'v2': v2, 'v3': v3, 'b_list': b_list, })
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        h = request.POST.get('hostname')
        i = request.POST.get('ip')
        p = request.POST.get('port')
        b = request.POST.get('b_id')
        models.Host.objects.create(
            hostname=h,
            ip=i,
            port=p,
            b_id=b,
        )
        return redirect('/host')


def test_ajax(request):
    import json
    res = {'status': True, 'error': None, 'data': None, }
    try:
        h = request.POST.get('hostname')
        i = request.POST.get('ip')
        p = request.POST.get('port')
        b = request.POST.get('b_id')
        if h and len(h) > 3:
            models.Host.objects.create(
                hostname=h,
                ip=i,
                port=p,
                b_id=b,
            )
        else:
            res['status'] = False
            res['error'] = 'Hostname is to short！！！'
    except Exception as e:
        res['status'] = False
        res['error'] = '请求错误！！！'
    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(res))

（2）配置HTML

[root@python project]# vim templates/host.html



    
    
    


Info（对象）：

    


        {% for row in v1 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
序号
            
主机名
            
IP
            
端口
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ forloop.counter }}
                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.ip }}
                
{{ row.port }}
                
{{ row.b.caption }}
            


Info（字典）：

        {% for row in v2 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.b__caption }}
            


Info（元组）：

        {% for row in v3 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

        

            

                
            
            

                
            
            

                
            
            

                
                    {% for i in b_list %}
                    {{ i.caption }}
                    {% endfor %}
                
            
                
                
                
                
        
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.1 }}
                
{{ row.3 }}
            
    
    
    
    

4、Ajax编辑（serialize）

（1）配置urls.py

[root@python project]# vim project/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.urls import re_path
from app import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('business/', views.business),
    re_path('host$', views.host),
    path('test_ajax/', views.test_ajax),
    path('edit_ajax/', views.edit_ajax),
]

（2）配置views.py

[root@python project]# vim app/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from app import models

def business(request):
    ### QuerySet,对象方式
    v = models.Business.objects.all()
    ### QuerySet,字典方式
    v1 = models.Business.objects.all().values('id', 'caption', 'code')
    ### QuerySet,元组方式
    v2 = models.Business.objects.all().values_list('id', 'caption', 'code')
    return render(request, 'business.html', {'v': v, 'v1': v1, 'v2': v2})


def host(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        v1 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)
        v2 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid', 'hostname', 'b_id', 'b__caption')
        v3 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid', 'hostname', 'b_id', 'b__caption')
        b_list = models.Business.objects.all()
        return render(request, 'host.html', {'v1': v1, 'v2': v2, 'v3': v3, 'b_list': b_list, })
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        h = request.POST.get('hostname')
        i = request.POST.get('ip')
        p = request.POST.get('port')
        b = request.POST.get('b_id')
        models.Host.objects.create(
            hostname=h,
            ip=i,
            port=p,
            b_id=b,
        )
        return redirect('/host')

def test_ajax(request):
    import json
    res = {'status': True, 'error': None, 'data': None, }
    try:
        h = request.POST.get('hostname')
        i = request.POST.get('ip')
        p = request.POST.get('port')
        b = request.POST.get('b_id')
        if h and len(h) > 3:
            models.Host.objects.create(
                hostname=h,
                ip=i,
                port=p,
                b_id=b,
            )
        else:
            res['status'] = False
            res['error'] = 'Hostname is to short！！！'
    except Exception as e:
        res['status'] = False
        res['error'] = '请求错误！！！'
    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(res))

def edit_ajax(request):
    # a = request.POST.getall()
    nid = request.POST.get('nid')
    h = request.POST.get('hostname')
    i = request.POST.get('ip')
    p = request.POST.get('port')
    models.Host.objects.filter(nid=nid).update(
        hostname = h,
        ip=i,
        port=p,
    )
    return HttpResponse('OK')

（3）配置HTML

[root@python project]# vim templates/host.html



    
    
    


Info（对象）：

    


        {% for row in v1 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
序号
            
主机名
            
IP
            
端口
            
部门名称
            
操作
        
    
    

            

                
{{ forloop.counter }}
                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.ip }}
                
{{ row.port }}
                
{{ row.b.caption }}
                

                    编辑
                    |删除
                
            


Info（字典）：

        {% for row in v2 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.hostname }}
                
{{ row.b__caption }}
            


Info（元组）：

        {% for row in v3 %}
            
        {% endfor %}
    

        

            

                
            
            

                
            
            

                
            
            

                
                    {% for i in b_list %}
                    {{ i.caption }}
                    {% endfor %}
                
            
                
                
                
                
        
    

        

                
                
                
                
                
                    {% for i in b_list %}
                    {{ i.caption }}
                    {% endfor %}
                
                
                
        
    

    

        

            
主机名
            
部门名称
        
    
    

            

                
{{ row.1 }}
                
{{ row.3 }}
            
    
    
    
    
    

七、多对多操作

---

1、多对多创建

执行这二条命令创建：python manage.py makemigrations；python manage.py migrate

（1）方式一、自定义关系表

[root@python project]# vim app/models.py     ###两个表通过HostToApp实现关联
class Host(models.Model):
    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    ### db_index加索引
    hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32, db_index=True)
    ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol='ipv4', db_index=True)
    port = models.IntegerField()
    b = models.ForeignKey(to='Business', to_field='id', on_delete=models.CASCADE)

class Application(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

class HostToApp(models.Model):
    hobj = models.ForeignKey(to='Host', to_field='nid', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    aobj = models.ForeignKey(to='Application', on_delete=models.CASCADE)

（2）方式二、自动创建关系表

### 可以发现会自动新建表app_application_r（相当于我们上面的HostToApp），最多生成3列
### 无法直接对第三张表进行操作
[root@python project]# vim app/models.py  
class Host(models.Model):
    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    ### db_index加索引
    hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32, db_index=True)
    ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol='ipv4', db_index=True)
    port = models.IntegerField()
    b = models.ForeignKey(to='Business', to_field='id', on_delete=models.CASCADE)

class Application(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    r = models.ManyToManyField('Host')

2、实例

这里我们使用方式二！！！

（1）配置urls.py

[root@python project]# vim project/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.urls import re_path
from app import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('business/', views.business),
    re_path('host$', views.host),
    path('test_ajax/', views.test_ajax),
    path('edit_ajax/', views.edit_ajax),
    path('app/', views.app),
]

（2）配置HTML

[root@python project]# vim templates/app.html



    
    
    


    
应用列表
    
            {% for app in app_list %}
                
            {% endfor %}
        

        

            

                
应用名称
                
应用主机列表
            
        
        

                    
{{ app.name }}
                    

                        {% for host in app.r.all %}
                            {{ host.hostname }}
                        {% endfor %}
                    
                
    

[root@python project]# python manage.py makemigrations
[root@python project]# python manage.py migrate

（3）生成的数据库表自行设置

MariaDB [(none)]> select * from project.app_application;
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
|  1 | cache |
|  2 | proxy |
|  3 | web   |
+----+-------+
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from project.app_application_r;
+----+----------------+---------+
| id | application_id | host_id |
+----+----------------+---------+
|  1 |              1 |       1 |
|  5 |              1 |       4 |
|  2 |              2 |       3 |
|  3 |              3 |       1 |
+----+----------------+---------+

（4）运行访问

[root@python project]#  python manage.py runserver 10.10.10.111:8000
http://10.10.10.111:8000/app/            ###通过浏览器访问

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