解决Windows应用程序不能加载C++组件 Side-by-Side错误

起因

前两天写了个小工具，在我的机器跑得好好的，QA的测试机里面却死活跑不起来，一运行就出现一个圣诞框，报一个side by side的错误：

The application has failed to start because its side-by-side configuration is incorrect. Please see the application event log or use the command-line sxstrace.exe tool for more detail.

郁闷至极，不过这个对话框却提供了一点额外的信息：

use the command-line sxstrace.exe tool for more detail

于是Google了一下，sxstrace.exe是一个跟踪调试应用程序的工具，看起来很不错的样子。

解决过程

按照 这个 帖子，先打开sxstrace.exe的调试模式：

sxstrace trace -logfile:C:/trace.bin

然后再打开应用程序，这时候在C盘根目录的trace.bin已经生成了，于是退出sxstrace，再运行以下命令：

sxstrace parse -logfile:C:/trace.bin -outfile:C:/trace.log

因为sxstrace trace出来的文件是二进制的，所以用上述命令将其转换成txt的。

打开trace.log，内容如下：

=================
Begin Activation Context Generation.
Input Parameter:
    Flags = 0
    ProcessorArchitecture = Wow32
    CultureFallBacks = en-US;en
    ManifestPath = C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\1\7zS4BF7914E\installer.exe
    AssemblyDirectory = C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\1\7zS4BF7914E\
    Application Config File =
-----------------
INFO: Parsing Manifest File C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\1\7zS4BF7914E\installer.exe.
    INFO: Manifest Definition Identity is (null).
    INFO: Reference: Microsoft.VC90.CRT,processorArchitecture="x86",publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b",type="win32",version="9.0.21022.8"
INFO: Resolving reference Microsoft.VC90.CRT,processorArchitecture="x86",publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b",type="win32",version="9.0.21022.8".
    INFO: Resolving reference for ProcessorArchitecture WOW64.
        INFO: Resolving reference for culture Neutral.
            INFO: Applying Binding Policy.
                INFO: No publisher policy found.
                INFO: No binding policy redirect found.
            INFO: Begin assembly probing.
                INFO: Did not find the assembly in WinSxS.
                INFO: Attempt to probe manifest at C:\Windows\assembly\GAC_32\Microsoft.VC90.CRT\9.0.21022.8__1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b\Microsoft.VC90.CRT.DLL.
                INFO: Did not find manifest for culture Neutral.
            INFO: End assembly probing.
    INFO: Resolving reference for ProcessorArchitecture x86.
        INFO: Resolving reference for culture Neutral.
            INFO: Applying Binding Policy.
                INFO: No publisher policy found.
                INFO: No binding policy redirect found.
            INFO: Begin assembly probing.
                INFO: Did not find the assembly in WinSxS.
                INFO: Attempt to probe manifest at C:\Windows\assembly\GAC_32\Microsoft.VC90.CRT\9.0.21022.8__1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b\Microsoft.VC90.CRT.DLL.
                INFO: Attempt to probe manifest at C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\1\7zS4BF7914E\Microsoft.VC90.CRT.DLL.
                INFO: Attempt to probe manifest at C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\1\7zS4BF7914E\Microsoft.VC90.CRT.MANIFEST.
                INFO: Attempt to probe manifest at C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\1\7zS4BF7914E\Microsoft.VC90.CRT\Microsoft.VC90.CRT.DLL.
                INFO: Attempt to probe manifest at C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\1\7zS4BF7914E\Microsoft.VC90.CRT\Microsoft.VC90.CRT.MANIFEST.
                INFO: Did not find manifest for culture Neutral.
            INFO: End assembly probing.
    ERROR: Cannot resolve reference Microsoft.VC90.CRT,processorArchitecture="x86",publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b",type="win32",version="9.0.21022.8".
ERROR: Activation Context generation failed.
End Activation Context Generation.

看起来是 Microsoft.VC90.CRT.dll 这个reference没有找到，这个是属于 Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable 的一个动态链接库。去M$的网站下一个装上，一切就OK了。

总结

写这篇blog主要是为了记录 sxstrace.exe 这个 工具，感觉用来debug不错。