1. 镜像构建：
    docker commit 【option】
    -a 指明作者
    -p 暂停容器再建立镜像

    [root@vichost ~]# docker commit -p -a "vicliaoxz <*******@qq.com>" centos2
sha256:ead743182b50ba021d5eee144aad229cbcf093f6796363b11e366f6117a62fab
[root@vichost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE
                              ead743182b50        About a minute ago   302 MB
[root@vichost ~]# docker run -it --name c-net-tools ead743182b50
[root@ff3b674ffa51 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163  mtu 1500
    inet 172.17.0.4  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
    inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:4  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20

  2. 给镜像添加标签

    docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG]
[root@vichost ~]# docker tag ead743182b50（ID） vicdockerhub（用户名）/centos（基础镜像）:net-tools（标签）
[root@vichost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
vicdockerhub/centos   net-tools           ead743182b50        21 minutes ago      302 MB

  3. 推送镜像
    3.1.推送到docker-hub（需要注册一个dockerhub账号）

    [root@vichost ~]# docker login -u vicdockerhub 
Password: 
Login Succeeded
[root@vichost ~]# docker push vicdockerhub/centos:net-tools 
The push refers to a repository [docker.io/vicdockerhub/centos]

    3.2.上传到私有仓库：
    docker tag vicdockerhub/centos:net-tools myregistry.liaoxz.xin:5000/vicdockerhub/centos:net-tools

  4. 将镜像保存为tar包
    docker ecport 导出为一个容器

    Usage:  docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
Options:
-o, --output string   Write to a file, instead of STDOUT
[root@vichost ~]# docker save vicdockerhub/centos:net-tools -o centos-net-tools.tar 
[root@vichost ~]# ls
centos-net-tools.tar
  5. 外部tar包导入镜像
docker load
docker load -i 指定镜像tar包
[root@vichost ~]# docker load -i centos-net-tools.tar 
Loaded image: vicdockerhub/centos:net-tools
[root@vichost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
myregistry.liaoxz.xin:5000/vicdockerhub/centos   net-tools           ead743182b50        51 minutes ago      302 MB
vicdockerhub/centos                              net-tools           ead743182b50        51 minutes ago      302 MB