持久层 框架 hibernate  mybatis

orm 框架



1、导包

UTF-8

4.3.8.Final


org.hibernate

hibernate-core

${hibernate.version}

mysql

mysql-connector-java

5.1.34

2、建库建表

3、创建表的对应类

package com.stevezong.domain;



public class Customer {

/*

* CREATE TABLE `cst_customer` (

  `cust_id` BIGINT(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '客户编号(主键)',

  `cust_name` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '客户名称(公司名称)',

  `cust_source` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户信息来源',

  `cust_industry` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户所属行业',

  `cust_level` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户级别',

  `cust_linkman` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人',

  `cust_phone` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '固定电话',

  `cust_mobile` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '移动电话',

  PRIMARY KEY (`cust_id`)

) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

*/

private Long cust_id;

private String cust_name;

private String cust_source;

private String cust_industry;

private String cust_level;

private String cust_linkman;

private String cust_phone;

private String cust_mobile;

public Long getCust_id() {

return cust_id;

}

public void setCust_id(Long cust_id) {

this.cust_id = cust_id;

}

public String getCust_name() {

return cust_name;

}

public void setCust_name(String cust_name) {

this.cust_name = cust_name;

}

public String getCust_source() {

return cust_source;

}

public void setCust_source(String cust_source) {

this.cust_source = cust_source;

}

public String getCust_industry() {

return cust_industry;

}

public void setCust_industry(String cust_industry) {

this.cust_industry = cust_industry;

}

public String getCust_level() {

return cust_level;

}

public void setCust_level(String cust_level) {

this.cust_level = cust_level;

}

public String getCust_linkman() {

return cust_linkman;

}

public void setCust_linkman(String cust_linkman) {

this.cust_linkman = cust_linkman;

}

public String getCust_phone() {

return cust_phone;

}

public void setCust_phone(String cust_phone) {

this.cust_phone = cust_phone;

}

public String getCust_mobile() {

return cust_mobile;

}

public void setCust_mobile(String cust_mobile) {

this.cust_mobile = cust_mobile;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Customer [cust_id=" + cust_id + ", cust_name=" + cust_name + "]";

}


}


4、编写映射xml文件

    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

   

   

5、编写主配置文件

hibernate.properties 文件中有可用的所有的键值对

"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">


com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbc:mysql://172.29.12.158:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8

zongxuan

zongxuan


org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

true

true

update



6、测试

package t;



import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

import org.junit.Test;


import com.stevezong.domain.Customer;


public class TestH {

@Test

public void t1() {

Configuration conf = new Configuration().configure();

SessionFactory sessionFactry = conf.buildSessionFactory();

Session session = sessionFactry.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

Customer c = new Customer();

c.setCust_name("ICETECH");

session.save(c);

tx.commit();

session.close();

sessionFactry.close();

}

}















1、映射文件配置

-->



2、hibernate 主配置文件


必选

com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbc:mysql://172.29.12.158:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8

zongxuan

zongxuan

org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

可选

true

true

update


映射文件

路径



"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">



com.mysql.jdbc.Driver


jdbc:mysql://172.29.12.158:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8


zongxuan


zongxuan


org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect


true


true

update







API:

1、Configuration       配置管理类对象

Configuration conf = new Configuration();  

配置加载类用于在载主配置 orm元数据加载

>conf.configure();

有四种重载

一般都是用这个空参数的

加载src下的hibernate.cfg.xml 文件

>config.configure(“cn/config/hibernate.cfg.xml”);   加载指定路径下指定名称的主配置文件


    config.buildSessionFactory();   创建session的工厂对象

但是在不同版本的hibernate 获取session工厂的方式不一样了

=========================================================================================

-如果使用的是hibernate4.2之前的版本,那么方法就这么写:

        //创建配置对象

Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();

//创建服务注册对象

ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();

//创建会话工厂对象

sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);

//会话对象

session = sessionFactory.openSession();

//开启事务

transaction = session.beginTransaction();

-如果是hibernate4.3之后的版本,那么方法就这么写: 

导入包更换:org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;

//创建配置对象  

Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();

//创建服务注册对象  

ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config .getProperties()).build();

//创建会话工厂对象  

sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);

//会话对象  

session = sessionFactory.openSession();

//开启事务  

transaction = session.beginTransaction();

hibernate5之后连上面的包都可以省略了:

//创建配置对象(读取配置文档)

Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();

//创建会话工厂对象

sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();

//会话对象

session = sessionFactory.openSession();

//开启事务

transaction = session.beginTransaction();

=========================================================================================


2、SessionFactory     session的工厂(或者说代表了这个hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件)就一个功能就是创建session对象

sessionfactory 负责保存和使用所有配置信息 消耗内存非常大

属于线程安全的对象设计

SessionFactory buildSessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();

        1. sf.openSession();   创建一个sesison对象

2. sf.getCurrentSession();  创建session或取出session对象(这个相对上边功能更强大)获得一个与线程绑定的session对象

3. sf.close();关闭工厂方法

3、Session 

表达hibernate 框架和数据库之间的连接会话 session类  核心对象



4、Transaction 事物对象

Transaction tx = session.getTransaction();

//开启事物并获得操作事物的对象()一般用这个

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

tx.commit() 提交事务

tx.rollback() 回滚事务





5、增

Customer c = new Customer();

c.setCust_name("ICETECH");

session.save(c);


6、查

通过id

Customer customer = (Customer) session.get(Customer.class, 1l);

System.out.println(customer);


7、改 先查到转成对象 set属性 在updata

Customer customer = (Customer) session.get(Customer.class, 1l);

customer.setCust_name("Stevezong");

session.update(customer);


8、删 先查到 

Customer customer = (Customer) session.get(Customer.class, 1l);

session.delete(customer);




hibernate中的实体规则

实体类创建的注意事项

1.持久化类提供无参数构造

2.成员变量私有,提供共有get/set方法访问.需提供属性

3.持久化类中的属性,应尽量使用包装类型

4.持久化类需要提供oid.与数据库中的主键列对应 ***********

5.不要用final修饰class

hibernate使用cglib代理生成代理对象.代理对象是继承被代理对象.如果被final修饰.将无法生成代理.

主键类型

自然主键(少见)

表的业务列中,有某业务列符合,必须有,并且不重复的特征时,该列可以作为主键使用.

代理主键(常见)

表的业务列中,没有某业务列符合,必须有,并且不重复的特征时,创建一个没有业务意义的列作为主键

主键生成策略

代理主键

identity : 主键自增.由数据库来维护主键值.录入时不需要指定主键.

sequence: Oracle中的主键生成策略.

increment(了解): 主键自增.由hibernate来维护.每次插入前会先查询表中id最大值.+1作为新主键值.

hilo(了解): 高低位算法.主键自增.由hibernate来维护.开发时不使用.

native:hilo+sequence+identity 自动三选一策略.

uuid: 产生随机字符串作为主键. 主键类型必须为string 类型.

自然主键

assigned:自然主键生成策略. hibernate不会管理主键值.由开发人员自己录入.

hibernate中的对象状态

对象分为三种状态

瞬时状态

没有id,没有在session缓存中

持久化状态

有id,在session缓存中

游离|托管状态

有id,没有在session缓存中

三种状态的转换图

hibernate进阶-一级缓存

缓存:提高效率.hibernate中的一级缓存也是为了提高操作数据库的效率.

提高效率手段1:提高查询效率

缓存

提高效率手段2:减少不必要的修改语句发送

快照

hibernate中的事务

事务

事务特性

a 原子性

c 一致性

i 隔离性

d 持久性

事务并发问题

1.脏读

2.不可重复度

3.幻|虚读

事务的隔离级别

读未提交- 123

读已提交 - 23

可重复读(mysql默认级别)-3

串行化 - 没有问题

知识点:如何在hibernate中指定数据库的隔离级别

## specify a JDBC isolation level

#hibernate.connection.isolation 4

1,2,4,8

0001 1  读未提交

0010 2  读已提交

0100 4  可重复读

1000 8  串行化

4


知识点2:在项目中如何管理事务

业务开始之前打开事务,业务执行之后提交事务. 执行过程中出现异常.回滚事务.

在dao层操作数据库需要用到session对象.在service控制事务也是使用session对象完成. 我们要确保dao层和service层使用的使用同一个session对象

在hibernate中,确保使用同一个session的问题,hibernate已经帮我们解决了. 我们开发人员只需要调用sf.getCurrentSession()方法即可获得与当前线程绑定的session对象

注意1: 调用getCurrentSession方法必须配合主配置中的一段配置

thread

注意2:通过getCurrentSession方法获得的session对象.当事务提交时,session会自动关闭.不要手动调用close关闭.

crm项目中

Service层

public class CustomerServiceImpl implements CustomerService {

public void save(Customer customer) {

CustomerDao dao = new CustomerDaoImpl();

//在servier 层打开事物

Transaction transaction = HibernateUtils.getCurrentSession().beginTransaction();

try {

dao.save(customer);

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

//回滚事物

transaction.rollback();

}

//提交事物

transaction.commit();

}

}


Dao层

public class CustomerDaoImpl implements CustomerDao {

public void save(Customer customer) {

//获得session

Session session = HibernateUtils.getCurrentSession();

//保存

session.save(customer);

}

}

hibernate中的批量查询(概述)

HQL查询-hibernate Query Language(多表查询,但不复杂时使用)

Hibernate独家查询语言,属于面向对象的查询语言

String hql = "select * from 对象的完整类名";

基本查询

@Test

public void t4() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//输入HQL语句

String hql = "from com.stevezong.domain.Customer";

//根据HQL语句创建查询对象

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//根据查询对象获得查询结果 list 是多个 uniqueResult 单个

List customers = query.list();

System.out.println(customers);

//Customer customer = (Customer) query.uniqueResult();

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

public void t4() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//输入HQL语句

String hql = "from com.stevezong.domain.Customer where cust_id=2";

//根据HQL语句创建查询对象

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//根据查询对象获得查询结果 list 是多个 uniqueResult 单个

//List customers = query.list();

//System.out.println(customers);

Customer customer = (Customer) query.uniqueResult();

System.out.println(customer);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test


条件查询

?号占位符

public void t4() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//输入HQL语句

String hql = "from com.stevezong.domain.Customer where cust_id=?";

//根据HQL语句创建查询对象

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//设置参数  index 从0开始    jdbc是从1(注意)

query.setLong(0, 2L);

//根据查询对象获得查询结果 list 是多个 uniqueResult 单个

//List customers = query.list();

//System.out.println(customers);

Customer customer = (Customer) query.uniqueResult();

System.out.println(customer);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

public void t4() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//输入HQL语句

String hql = "from com.stevezong.domain.Customer where cust_id=?";

//根据HQL语句创建查询对象

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//设置参数  index 从0开始    jdbc是从1(注意)

//query.setLong(0, 2L);

// 万能 不需要制定类型 自动转换

query.setParameter(0, 2L);

//根据查询对象获得查询结果 list 是多个 uniqueResult 单个

//List customers = query.list();

//System.out.println(customers);

Customer customer = (Customer) query.uniqueResult();

System.out.println(customer);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

命名占位符

@Test

public void t4() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//输入HQL语句

String hql = "from com.stevezong.domain.Customer where cust_id= :id";

//根据HQL语句创建查询对象

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//设置参数  index 从0开始    jdbc是从1(注意)

//query.setLong(0, 2L);

// 万能 不需要制定类型 自动转换

//query.setParameter(0, 2L);

//命名占位符     :名字

query.setParameter("id", 2l);

//根据查询对象获得查询结果 list 是多个 uniqueResult 单个

//List customers = query.list();

//System.out.println(customers);

Customer customer = (Customer) query.uniqueResult();

System.out.println(customer);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

分页查询

@Test

public void t4() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//输入HQL语句

String hql = "from com.stevezong.domain.Customer ";

//根据HQL语句创建查询对象

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//设置参数  index 从0开始    jdbc是从1(注意)

//query.setLong(0, 2L);

// 万能 不需要制定类型 自动转换

//query.setParameter(0, 2L);

//命名占位符     :名字

//query.setParameter("id", 2l);

//起始位置 和limit一致

query.setFirstResult(0);

//查询多少

query.setMaxResults(2);

//根据查询对象获得查询结果 list 是多个 uniqueResult 单个

List customers = query.list();

System.out.println(customers);

//Customer customer = (Customer) query.uniqueResult();

//System.out.println(customer);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

Criteria查询(单表条件查询)

Hibernate自创的无语句面向对象查询

基本查询

@Test

public void t5() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//查询所有的customer对象

Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(Customer.class);

//结果为多个

List criterias = criteria.list();

//结果为1个

Customer Customer = (Customer) criteria.uniqueResult();

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

条件查询

> gt

>= ge

< lt

<= le

== eq

!= ne

in in

between and between

like like

is not null isNotNull

is null isNull

or or

and and

@Test

public void t5() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//查询所有的customer对象

Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(Customer.class);

// 添加查询参数 查询cuts_id 为1 的

criteria.add(Restrictions.eq("cust_id", 2l));

//结果为多个

//List criterias = criteria.list();

//结果为1个

Customer customer = (Customer) criteria.uniqueResult();

System.out.println(customer);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

分页 查询

@Test

public void t5() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//查询所有的customer对象

Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(Customer.class);

// 添加查询参数 查询cuts_id 为1 的

//criteria.add(Restrictions.eq("cust_id", 2l));

//分页查询

criteria.setFirstResult(0);

criteria.setMaxResults(2);

//结果为多个

List criterias = criteria.list();

System.out.println(criterias);

//结果为1个

//Customer customer = (Customer) criteria.uniqueResult();

//System.out.println(customer);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

设置查询总记录数(聚合函数)

@Test

public void t5() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//查询所有的customer对象

Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(Customer.class);

//设置查询的聚合函数 》》 总行数

criteria.setProjection(Projections.rowCount());

Long count = (Long) criteria.uniqueResult();

System.out.println(count);

// 添加查询参数 查询cuts_id 为1 的

//criteria.add(Restrictions.eq("cust_id", 2l));

//分页查询

//criteria.setFirstResult(0);

//criteria.setMaxResults(2);

//结果为多个

//List criterias = criteria.list();

//System.out.println(criterias);

//结果为1个

//Customer customer = (Customer) criteria.uniqueResult();

//System.out.println(customer);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

原生SQL查询(复杂的业务查询)

基本查询

返回数组List

@Test

public void t6() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

String sql = "SELECT * FROM cst_customer";

SQLQuery query = session.createSQLQuery(sql);

List list= query.list();

for(Object[] sub: list) {

System.out.println(Arrays.toString(sub));

}

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

返回对象List

@Test

public void t6() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

String sql = "SELECT * FROM cst_customer";

SQLQuery query = session.createSQLQuery(sql);

//制定将结果集封装到那个对象中

query.addEntity(Customer.class);

List list= query.list();

for(Customer sub: list) {

System.out.println(sub);

}

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

条件查询

@Test

public void t6() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

String sql = "SELECT * FROM cst_customer WHERE cust_id=?";

SQLQuery query = session.createSQLQuery(sql);

query.setParameter(0, 2L);

//制定将结果集封装到那个对象中

query.addEntity(Customer.class);

List list= query.list();

for(Customer sub: list) {

System.out.println(sub);

}

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

分页查询

一对多|多对一

关系表达

表中的表达

表中的表达

实体中的表达

orm元数据中表达

一对多

多对一


操作

@Test

public void t7() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

Customer c = new Customer();

c.setCust_name("ICETECH");


LinkMan l1 = new LinkMan();

LinkMan l2 = new LinkMan();

l1.setLkm_name("z");

l2.setLkm_name("c");

c.getLinkMens().add(l1);

c.getLinkMens().add(l2);

l1.setCustomer(c);

l2.setCustomer(c);

session.save(c);

session.save(l1);

session.save(l2);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

//增加

public void t8() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

Customer c = (Customer) session.get(Customer.class, 1l);

LinkMan lm = new LinkMan();

lm.setLkm_name("w");

lm.setCustomer(c);

c.getLinkMens().add(lm);

session.save(lm);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

//删除

public void t9() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

Customer c = (Customer) session.get(Customer.class, 1l);

LinkMan lm = (LinkMan) session.get(LinkMan.class, 3l);

c.getLinkMens().remove(lm);

lm.setCustomer(null);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

操作关联属性

进阶操作

级联操作 

在 映射文件的

结论: 简化操作.一定要用,save-update,不建议使用delete.

关系维护

inverse属性

性能优化 提供关系维护的性能

无论如何放弃,总有一放必须要维护关系

多的一方不能放弃维护关系的 外键字段就在多的一方

在保存时.两方都会维护外键关系.关系维护两次,冗余了. 

多余的维护关系语句,显然是客户这一端在维护关系










多对多

关系表达

表中

对象中

orm元数据

操作

操作关联属性

@Test

//增

public void t11() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

User user = (User) session.get(User.class, 2l);

Role r =new Role();

r.setRole_name("CEO");

user.getRoles().add(r);

session.save(r);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

//删

public void t12() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

User user = (User) session.get(User.class, 2l);

Role r =(Role) session.get(Role.class, 3l);

r.setRole_name("CEO");

user.getRoles().remove(r);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

操作进阶

inverse属性

级联属性






HQL 操作

@Test

//排序

public void t13() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//排序

String sql = "from Customer order by cust_id desc";

Query query = session.createQuery(sql);

List list = query.list();

System.out.println(list.size());

System.out.println(list);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}



@Test

//条件

public void t13() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//排序

//String sql = "from Customer order by cust_id desc";

//条件1

//String sql = "from Customer where cust_id=?";

String sql = "from Customer where cust_id= :id";

Query query = session.createQuery(sql);

//条件1

//query.setParameter(0, 6L);

query.setParameter("id", 6L);

List list = query.list();

System.out.println(list.size());

System.out.println(list);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

//分页

public void t13() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//排序

//String sql = "from Customer order by cust_id desc";

//条件1

//String sql = "from Customer where cust_id=?";

//条件2

//String sql = "from Customer where cust_id= :id";

//分页

String sql = "from Customer";

Query query = session.createQuery(sql);

//条件1

//query.setParameter(0, 6L);

//条件2

//query.setParameter("id", 6L);

//分页

query.setFirstResult(0);

query.setMaxResults(2);

List list = query.list();

System.out.println(list.size());

System.out.println(list);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

//聚合函数

public void t13() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//排序

//String sql = "from Customer order by cust_id desc";

//条件1

//String sql = "from Customer where cust_id=?";

//条件2

//String sql = "from Customer where cust_id= :id";

//分页

//String sql = "from Customer";

//统计

//String sql ="select count(*) from Customer";

//String sql ="select max(cust_id) from Customer";

//String sql ="select sum(cust_id) from Customer";

//String sql ="select avg(cust_id) from Customer";

String sql ="select min(cust_id) from Customer";

Query query = session.createQuery(sql);

//条件1

//query.setParameter(0, 6L);

//条件2

//query.setParameter("id", 6L);

//分页

//query.setFirstResult(0);

//query.setMaxResults(2);

//统计

Number number = (Number) query.uniqueResult();

System.out.println(number);

//List list = query.list();

//System.out.println(list.size());

//System.out.println(list);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

//投影查询

public void t13() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//投影查询  就是查询属性

String sql ="select cust_name from Customer";

Query query = session.createQuery(sql);

List list = query.list();

System.out.println(list);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

//投影查询

public void t13() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//投影查询  就是查询属性

//String sql ="select cust_name from Customer";

String sql ="select cust_id,cust_name from Customer";

Query query = session.createQuery(sql);

List list = query.list();

System.out.println(list);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

//投影查询 Customer要有对应的构造器

public void t13() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//投影查询  就是查询属性

//String sql ="select cust_name from Customer";

//String sql ="select cust_id,cust_name from Customer";

String sql ="select new Customer(cust_id,cust_name) from Customer";

Query query = session.createQuery(sql);

List list = query.list();

System.out.println(list);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

public Customer(Long cust_id, String cust_name) {

super();

this.cust_id = cust_id;

this.cust_name = cust_name;

}

多表查询


@Test

//连接查询

public void t13() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//投影查询  就是查询属性

String sql =" from Customer c inner join c.linkMens";

Query query = session.createQuery(sql);

List list = query.list();

for(Object[] sub:list) {

System.out.println(Arrays.toString(sub));

}

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

@Test

//连接查询

public void t13() {

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//String sql =" from Customer c inner join c.linkMens";

//迫切内连接

//迫切就是将内容放到一起

String sql =" from Customer c inner join fetch c.linkMens";

Query query = session.createQuery(sql);

List list = query.list();

for(Customer sub:list) {

System.out.println(sub);

}

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

QBC 查询

@Test

//离线查询

public void t13() {

//web层 组装 sql  将dc 一路向后传到DAO

DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(Customer.class);

dc.add(Restrictions.idEq(6L));

//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

Criteria c = dc.getExecutableCriteria(session);

List list = c.list();

System.out.println(list);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

查询优化

类级别查询

get方法:没有任何策略.调用即立即查询数据库加载数据.

load方法: 应用类级别的加载策略

lazy(默认值):true, 查询类时,会返回代理对象.会在使用属性时,根据关联的session查询数据库.加载数据.

lazy:false. load方法会与get方法没有任何区别.调用时即加载数据.

结论:为了提高效率.建议使用延迟加载(懒加载)

注意:使用懒加载时要确保,调用属性加载数据时,session还是打开的.不然会抛出异常

关联级别查询

集合策略

关联属性策略

结论:为了提高效率.fetch的选择上应选择select. lazy的取值应选择 true. 全部使用默认值.

no-session问题解决: 扩大session的作用范围.

批量抓取