在SQL Server数据库中如何查看一个登录名(login)的具体权限呢，如果使用SSMS的UI界面查看登录名的具体权限的话，用户数据库非常多的话，要梳理完它所有的权限，操作又耗时又麻烦，个人十分崇尚简洁、高效的方法，反感那些需要大量手工操作的UI界面操作方式，哪怕就是脚本，如果不能一次搞定，手工多操作几次(例如，切换数据库)，都是不可接受的。最近遇到这个需求，就完善了一下之前的脚本get_login_rights_script.sql，输入登录名参数，将这个登录名所拥有的服务器角色、数据库角色、以及所授予具体对象的相关权限使用脚本查询出来，脚本分享如下：
--==================================================================================================================
-- ScriptName : get_login_rights_script.sql
-- Author : 潇湘隐者
-- CreateDate : 2015-12-18
-- Description : 查看某个登录名被授予的数据库对象的权限的脚本（授权脚本和回收权限脚本）
-- Note :
/******************************************************************************************************************
Parameters : 参数说明
********************************************************************************************************************
@login_name : 你要查看权限的登录名(需要输入替换的参数)
********************************************************************************************************************
Modified Date Modified User Version Modified Reason
********************************************************************************************************************
2018-08-03 潇湘隐者 V01.00.00 新建该脚本。
2019-04-04 潇湘隐者 V01.01.00 Fix掉一个bug，某个表只允许更新某个字段，但是这里显示更新整个表。
2019-09-25 潇湘隐者 V01.02.00 解决只能查看某个用户数据库，不能查看所有数据库的权限问题。
2019-09-25 潇湘隐者 V01.03.00 解决数据库名包含中划线[-], 出现下面错误问题
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Msg 911, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
Database 'xxxx' does not exist. Make sure that the name is entered correctly.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2019-09-26 潇湘隐者 V01.04.00 解决系统表和系统视图大小写问题（排序规则区分大小时，会报错）
2019-09-26 潇湘隐者 V01.04.00 加入数据库角色详细信息
*******************************************************************************************************************/
DECLARE @login_name NVARCHAR(32)= 'test1';
DECLARE @database_name NVARCHAR(64);
DECLARE @cmdText NVARCHAR(MAX);
IF OBJECT_ID('TempDB.dbo.#databases') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#databases;
CREATE TABLE #databases
(
database_id INT,
database_name sysname
);
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#user_db_roles') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#user_db_roles;
CREATE TABLE dbo.#user_db_roles
(
[DB_NAME] NVARCHAR(64)
,[USER_NAME] NVARCHAR(64)
,[ROLE_NAME] NVARCHAR(64)
,[PRINCIPAL_TYPE_DESC] NVARCHAR(64)
,[CLASS_DESC] NVARCHAR(64)
,[PERMISSION_NAME] NVARCHAR(64)
,[OBJECT_NAME] NVARCHAR(128)
,[PERMISSION_STATE_DESC] NVARCHAR(128)
);
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#user_object_rights') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#user_object_rights;
CREATE TABLE dbo.#user_object_rights
(
[DATABASE_NAME] NVARCHAR(128),
[SCHEMA_NAME] NVARCHAR(64),
[OBJECT_NAME] NVARCHAR(128),
[USER_NAME] NVARCHAR(32),
[PERMISSIONS_TYPE] CHAR(12),
[PERMISSION_NAME] NVARCHAR(128),
[PERMISSION_STATE] NVARCHAR(64),
[CLASS_DESC] NVARCHAR(64),
[COLUMN_NAME] NVARCHAR(32),
[STATE_DESC] NVARCHAR(64),
[GRANT_STMT] NVARCHAR(MAX),
[REVOKE_STMT] NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
INSERT INTO #databases
SELECT database_id ,
name
FROM sys.databases
WHERE name NOT IN ('model') AND state = 0; --state_desc=ONLINE
--登录名授予的服务器角色
SELECT UserName = u.name ,
ServerRole = g.name ,
Type = u.type,
Type_Desc = u.Type_Desc,
Create_Date = u.create_date,
Modify_Date = u.modify_date,
DenyLogin = l.denylogin
FROM sys.server_role_members m
INNER JOIN sys.server_principals g ON g.principal_id = m.role_principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.server_principals u ON u.principal_id = m.member_principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.syslogins l ON u.name = l.name
WHERE l.name=@login_name
ORDER BY u.name,g.name;
WHILE 1= 1
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @database_name= database_name
FROM #databases
ORDER BY database_id;
IF @@ROWCOUNT =0
BREAK;
SET @cmdText = N'USE ' + QUOTENAME(@database_name) + N';' +CHAR(10)
--登录名授予的数据库角色
/********************************************************************************
SELECT @cmdText += N'INSERT INTO #user_db_roles
SELECT DB_NAME() AS [DB_NAME]
,M.NAME AS [USER_NAME]
,R.NAME AS [ROLE_NAME]
FROM sys.database_role_members RM
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals R ON RM.ROLE_PRINCIPAL_ID = R.PRINCIPAL_ID
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals M ON RM.MEMBER_PRINCIPAL_ID = M.PRINCIPAL_ID
WHERE M.NAME=@p_login_name' + CHAR(10);
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText, N'@p_login_name NVARCHAR(32)',@p_login_name=@login_name;
***********************************************************************************/
SELECT @cmdText += N'INSERT INTO #user_db_roles
SELECT DB_NAME() AS [DB_NAME] ,
u.name AS [USER_NAME] ,
r.name AS [ROLE_NAME] ,
t.[PRINCIPAL_TYPE_DESC] ,
t.[CLASS_DESC] ,
t.[PERMISSION_NAME] ,
t.[OBJECT_NAME] ,
t.PERMISSION_STATE_DESC
FROM sys.database_role_members AS m
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals AS r ON r.principal_id = m.role_principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals AS u ON u.principal_id = m.member_principal_id
LEFT JOIN ( SELECT USER_NAME(p.grantee_principal_id) AS principal_name ,
dp.type_desc AS PRINCIPAL_TYPE_DESC ,
p.class_desc AS CLASS_DESC ,
p.permission_name AS [PERMISSION_NAME] ,
OBJECT_NAME(p.major_id) AS [OBJECT_NAME] ,
p.state_desc AS [PERMISSION_STATE_DESC]
FROM sys.database_permissions p
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals dp ON p.grantee_principal_id = dp.principal_id
) t ON t.principal_name = r.name
WHERE u.name = @p_login_name;' + CHAR(10);
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText, N'@p_login_name NVARCHAR(32)',@p_login_name=@login_name;
SET @cmdText = N'USE ' +QUOTENAME(@database_name) + N';' +CHAR(10);
--查看具体对象的授权问题
SELECT @cmdText +=N'INSERT INTO dbo.#user_object_rights
( [DATABASE_NAME] ,
[SCHEMA_NAME] ,
[OBJECT_NAME] ,
[USER_NAME] ,
[PERMISSIONS_TYPE] ,
[PERMISSION_NAME] ,
[PERMISSION_STATE] ,
[CLASS_DESC] ,
[COLUMN_NAME] ,
[STATE_DESC] ,
[GRANT_STMT] ,
[REVOKE_STMT]
)
SELECT DB_NAME() AS [DATABASE_NAME]
, sys.schemas.NAME AS [SCHEMA_NAME]
, ob.NAME AS [OBJECT_NAME]
, sys.database_principals.NAME AS [USER_NAME]
, dp.TYPE AS [PERMISSIONS_TYPE]
, dp.PERMISSION_NAME AS [PERMISSION_NAME]
, dp.STATE AS [PERMISSION_STATE]
, dp.CLASS_DESC AS [CLASS_DESC]
, sc.name AS [COLUMN_NAME]
, dp.STATE_DESC AS [STATE_DESC]
, dp.STATE_DESC + '' '' + dp.PERMISSION_NAME + '' ON [''+ sys.schemas.NAME + ''].['' + ob.NAME + ''] TO ['' + sys.database_principals.NAME + ''];'' COLLATE LATIN1_GENERAL_CI_AS
AS [GRANT_STMT]
, ''REVOKE '' + dp.PERMISSION_NAME + '' ON [''+ sys.schemas.NAME + ''].['' + ob.NAME + ''] FROM ['' + sys.database_principals.NAME + ''];'' COLLATE LATIN1_GENERAL_CI_AS
AS [REVOKE_STMT]
FROM sys.database_permissions dp
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.objects ob ON dp.MAJOR_ID = ob.OBJECT_ID
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.schemas ON ob.SCHEMA_ID = sys.schemas.SCHEMA_ID
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.database_principals ON dp.GRANTEE_PRINCIPAL_ID = sys.database_principals.PRINCIPAL_ID
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.columns sc ON ob.object_id = sc.object_id AND sc.column_id = dp.minor_id
WHERE sys.database_principals.NAME =@p_login_name
ORDER BY PERMISSIONS_TYPE;'
--PRINT(@cmdText);
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText, N'@p_login_name NVARCHAR(32)',@p_login_name=@login_name;
DELETE FROM #databases WHERE database_name=@database_name;
END
SELECT * FROM tempdb.dbo.#user_db_roles;
SELECT * FROM tempdb.dbo.#user_object_rights;
IF OBJECT_ID('TempDB.dbo.#databases') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#databases;
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#user_db_roles') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#user_db_roles;
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#user_object_rights') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#user_object_rights;