MYSQ鏁版嵁搴撳熀鏈粙缁�

鏁版嵁搴擄細瀛樻斁鏁版嵁鐨勪粨搴擄紱

纭洏聽杩愯鍐呭瓨

mysql 鐜板湪琚玱racle鏀惰喘浜�

oracle聽 oracle鍏徃

sqlServer 寰蒋鐨�

涓�鑸兘鏄叧绯诲瀷鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗚蒋浠�

mysql(鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗚蒋浠�)--鏁版嵁搴�--琛�---琛�

sql璇█锛歴tructured query language聽缁撴瀯鍖栨煡璇㈣瑷�

鎴戜滑瀛︾殑鏄爣鍑唖ql聽 ,sql鐨勬柟瑷�琚悇涓暟鎹簱杞欢鍗曠嫭浣跨敤锛�

1.鐧诲綍mysql鏁版嵁搴擄細

鏂瑰紡1锛歮ysql -uroot -proot

鏂瑰紡2锛�

C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: ****

閫�鍑烘暟鎹簱锛歲uit;聽鎴栬�卐xit;

2.鏌ョ湅鎵�鏈夋暟鎹簱锛歮ysql> show databases;

3.閫夋嫨瑕佷娇鐢ㄧ殑鏁版嵁搴擄細mysql> use 鏁版嵁搴撳悕;

4.鏌ョ湅鎵�鏈夎〃锛歮ysql> show tables;

5.鍒涘缓鏁版嵁搴擄細mysql> create database; 鏂版暟鎹簱鍚�;

6.鍒犻櫎鏁版嵁搴擄細mysql> drop database; 琚垹闄ょ殑鏁版嵁搴撳悕;

7.鏂板缓涓�涓〃锛歮ysql> create table student(sid int,sname varchar(10));

8.鏌ョ湅琛ㄧ粨鏋勶細mysql> desc student;

鏁版嵁绫诲瀷锛�

鏂囨湰锛�

char(10):鍥哄畾闀垮害鐨勫瓧绗︿覆锛� char(10);寮�杈�10涓瓧绗︾殑鍐呭瓨绌洪棿锛�

varchar(n):鍙彉闀垮害鐨勫瓧绗︿覆锛屾渶澶氬彲浠ュ瓨n涓瓧绗︼紝鑻ュ疄闄呭瓨鐨勪笉鍒皀涓偅涔堝氨鍙紑杈熷疄闄呭瓨鍌ㄧ殑涓暟鐨勫ぇ灏忥紱

n鐨勬渶澶у�间负255锛�

瑕佺敤寮曞彿寮曡捣鏉�

鏁板瓧锛�

int:鏁存暟锛�

float(m,n):鍗曠簿搴﹀皬鏁�,m琛ㄧず鎬诲叡鏈夊灏戜綅锛宯琛ㄧず灏忔暟鏈夊嚑浣嶏紱

double(m,n):鍙岀簿搴﹀皬鏁�,m琛ㄧず鎬诲叡鏈夊灏戜綅锛宯琛ㄧず灏忔暟鏈夊嚑浣嶏紱

decimal(m,n):姣攄ouble鏇寸簿纭紝m琛ㄧず鎬诲叡鏈夊灏戜綅锛宯琛ㄧず灏忔暟鏈夊嚑浣嶏紱

鏃ユ湡锛�

date:鏃ユ湡銆傛牸寮忥細YYYY-MM-DD聽娉ㄩ噴锛氭敮鎸佺殑鑼冨洿鏄粠 '1000-01-01' 鍒� '9999-12-31'

鎵�鏈夌殑鏃ユ湡閮界敤寮曞彿寮曡捣鏉�

DATETIME锛�*鏃ユ湡鍜屾椂闂寸殑缁勫悎銆傛牸寮忥細YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

娉ㄩ噴锛氭敮鎸佺殑鑼冨洿鏄粠 '1000-01-01 00:00:00' 鍒� '9999-12-31 23:59:59'

鍒涘缓琛ㄦ牸锛�

mysql> create table student2(sid int ,sname varchar(10),birthday date,

-> score double(5,2));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

鎻掑叆鏁版嵁锛歮ysql> insert into student2 (sid,sname,birthday,score) values(1001,'tom','2000-01-11',99.99);

鏌ョ湅琛ㄤ腑鐨勬墍鏈夋暟鎹細mysql> select * from student2;

+------+-------+------------+-------+

+------+-------+------------+-------+

| 1001 | tom聽 | 2000-01-11 | 99.99 |

| 1001 | bob聽 | 2000-01-11 | 99.99 |

| 1001 | lucy聽 | 2000-01-11 | 99.99 |

+------+-------+------------+-------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql Day2

璁剧疆鍛戒护琛屾樉绀烘椂鐨勭紪鐮佹牸寮忥細

鍛戒护琛岀獥鍙ｆ槸windows鑷甫鐨勶紝瀹冪殑缂栫爜鏄痝bk;

鎵цset names gbk;鍛婅瘔mysql鎶婃暟鎹樉绀哄埌鍛戒护琛岀殑鏃跺�欑敤gbk鏄剧ず锛�

杩欎釜璇彞鍦ㄥ懡浠よ鍏抽棴鍚庡け鏁堬紝涓嬫閲嶆柊璁剧疆锛�

涓�銆佸琛ㄧ粨鏋勭殑鎿嶄綔锛�

1.澧炲姞涓�涓瓧娈�

璇硶锛歛lter table 琛ㄥ悕聽 add聽 column 鏂板瓧娈靛悕瀛楁绫诲瀷锛�

mysql> alter table student2 add column sex varchar(10);

2.淇敼涓�涓瓧娈�

璇硶锛� alter table聽琛ㄥ悕 modify 鍒楀悕聽鏂版暟鎹被鍨嬶紱

mysql> alter table student2 modify sex int;

3.鏇存敼瀛楁鍚�

璇硶锛歛lter table 琛ㄥ悕 change 鍘熷垪鍚嵚� 鏂板垪鍚嵚� 鏁版嵁绫诲瀷锛�

mysql> alter table student2 change聽 sex gender varchar(10) ;

4. 鍒犻櫎琛ㄧ殑瀛楁

璇硶锛� alter table聽琛ㄥ悕 drop聽鍒楀悕锛�

mysql> alter table student2 drop gender;

5.閲嶅懡鍚嶈〃

璇硶锛歛lter table聽琛ㄥ悕 rename to 鏂拌〃鍚�;

mysql> alter table student2 rename to stu;

6.澶嶅埗琛�

6.1澶嶅埗琛ㄧ粨鏋勫強鏁版嵁

璇硶锛歝reate table 鏂拌〃 select * from聽鏃ц〃锛�

mysql> update student set sal=120 where sal is null;

mysql> select * from student;

6.2 鍙鍒惰〃缁撴瀯

璇硶锛歝reate table 鏂拌〃 select * from聽鏃ц〃聽 where聽 1=0锛�

mysql> create table stu3 select * from stu where 1>9;

7.鍒犻櫎琛�

璇硶锛� drop table聽琛ㄥ悕;

mysql> drop table student;

8.绱㈠紩锛氭煡璇㈠揩锛屽鍒犳參锛涗笉鍙互鐢紱

鍒涘缓绱㈠紩锛�

璇硶锛歝reate index 绱㈠紩鍚嵚� on 琛ㄥ悕(瀛楁鍚�);

mysql> create index聽 my_index1 on stu2(sname);

鏌ョ湅绱㈠紩锛�

mysql> show index from stu2;

鍒犻櫎绱㈠紩锛�

mysql> drop index my_index1 on stu2;

浜屻�乵ysql绾︽潫锛�

1.闈炵┖绾︽潫聽 not null锛氶檺鍒舵煇涓�鍒楃殑鍊间笉鑳戒负null;

鏂瑰紡1锛氬湪寤鸿〃璇彞涓瓧娈电被鍨嬬殑鍚庨潰鍔犱笂 not null;

mysql> create table emp2(empno int ,ename varchar(10) not null );

鏂瑰紡2锛�

mysql> alter table emp2 modify empno int not null;

鍒犻櫎闈炵┖绾︽潫锛�

mysql> alter table emp2 modify empno int null;

2.榛樿鍊� default锛氱粰鏌愪竴鍒楄缃粯璁ゅ�硷紱

榛樿鎯呭喌涓嬬殑榛樿鍊间负null;

鏂瑰紡1锛�

mysql> alter table emp modify empno int default 0;

鏂瑰紡2锛氬湪寤鸿〃璇彞涓瓧娈电被鍨嬬殑鍚庨潰鍔犱笂 default 榛樿鍊�;

mysql> create table emp2(empno int ,ename varchar(10) default '寮犱笁');

mysql> alter table emp2 modify ename varchar(10) default null;

3.鍞竴绾︽潫 unique锛氶檺鍒跺垪閲岄潰鐨勫�间笉鑳介噸澶嶏紱

鏂瑰紡1锛�

mysql> alter table emp2 modify empno int聽 unique;

鏂瑰紡2锛氬湪寤鸿〃璇彞涓瓧娈电被鍨嬬殑鍚庨潰鍔犱笂 unique

mysql> create table emp3(empno int unique);

鏂瑰紡3锛氳嚜瀹氫箟鍚嶅瓧鐨�

mysql> alter table emp3 add constraint my_unique unique(empno);

鍒犻櫎鍞竴绾︽潫锛�

璇硶锛歛lter聽 table 琛ㄥ悕聽 drop index 鍞竴绾︽潫鐨勭储寮曞悕锛堥粯璁や负鎵�鍦ㄧ殑瀛楁鍚嶏級;

mysql> alter聽 table emp3聽 drop index empno;

4.涓婚敭绾︽潫 primary key锛堥潪绌�+鍞竴锛�

鏂瑰紡1锛�

mysql> alter table emp modify empno int primary key;

鏂瑰紡2锛氬湪寤鸿〃璇彞涓瓧娈电被鍨嬬殑鍚庨潰鍔犱笂 primary key锛�

mysql> create table emp10(empno int primary key,ename varchar(10));

鏂瑰紡3锛氳嚜瀹氫箟鍚嶅瓧鐨�

mysql> create table emp11(empno int ,ename char(10),constraint my_key primary key(empno));

鍒犻櫎涓婚敭绾︽潫锛�

鏂瑰紡1锛歮ysql> alter table emp11 drop primary key;

5.涓婚敭鑷闀縜uto_increment

鏂瑰紡1锛氬湪寤鸿〃璇彞涓瓧娈电被鍨嬬殑鍚庨潰鍔犱笂 primary key auto_increment;

鏂瑰紡2锛歮ysql> alter table聽 emp12 modify empno int primary key auto_increment;

鍒犻櫎鑷闀匡細 alter table emp modify empno int;

6.澶栭敭绾︽潫 foreign key 涓嶅彲婊ョ敤

鏂瑰紡1锛�

alter table 琛ㄥ悕 add constraint 鑷畾涔夊閿悕 foreign key(鏈〃瀛楁)聽 references 琚弬鑰冪殑琛ㄥ悕(琚弬鑰冪殑瀛楁);

mysql> alter table emp add constraint fk_deptno foreign key(deptno)聽 references dept(deptno);

鏂瑰紡2锛�

鍦ㄥ缓琛ㄨ鍙ユ渶鍚庝竴涓瓧娈电殑鍚庨潰 constraint 鑷畾涔夊閿悕 foreign key(鏈〃瀛楁)聽 references 琚弬鑰冪殑琛ㄥ悕(琚弬鑰冪殑瀛楁)

鍒犻櫎澶栭敭锛�

璇硶锛歛lter table emp drop foreign 澶栭敭鍚�;

mysql> alter table emp drop foreign key fk_deptno;

mysql Day2 浣滀笟锛�

1.鍒涘缓瀛︾敓琛╯tudent锛氬鐢熺紪鍙穝id 涓婚敭鑷闀匡紝濮撳悕sname 闈炵┖锛屾�у埆sex聽闈炵┖锛岀敓鏃irthday 锛屽勾榫刟ge ,鐝骇缂栧彿cid ;

mysql> create table student(sid int primary key auto_increment,sname varchar(10)

not null,sex varchar(10) not null,birthday date,age int,cid int);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

杩欐槸瀛︾敓琛╯tudent锛�

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

2.鍒涘缓鐝骇琛╟lass: 鐝骇缂栧彿 cid 涓婚敭锛岀彮绾у悕绉癱name 闈炵┖锛�

mysql> create table class(cid int primary key,cname varchar(10) not null);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> desc class;

+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

| cid聽 | int(11)聽聽 | NO聽 | PRI |聽聽聽聽 |聽聽聽 |

| cname | varchar(10) | NO聽 |聽聽 |聽聽聽聽 |聽聽聽 |

+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

3.缁欏鐢熻〃娣诲姞涓�涓瓧娈碉細浣忓潃address;

mysql> alter table student add column address varchar(10);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)

Records: 0聽 Duplicates: 0聽 Warnings: 0

杩欐槸澧炲姞鐨勫瓧娈礱ddress锛�

mysql> desc student;

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

4.淇敼瀛︾敓琛ㄦ�у埆瀛楁涓篻ender;

mysql> alter table student change sex gender varchar(10);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

Records: 0聽 Duplicates: 0聽 Warnings: 0

淇敼鍚庣殑student琛細

mysql> desc student;

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

5.缁檅irthday娣诲姞榛樿鍊间负2000-01-01锛�

mysql> alter table student modify birthday date default '2000-01-01';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

Records: 0聽 Duplicates: 0聽 Warnings: 0

鏀瑰彉birthday鐨勯粯璁ゅ�硷細

mysql> desc student;

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

6.缁欐�у埆瀛楁娣诲姞榛樿鍊间负鐢凤紱

mysql> set names gbk;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> alter table student modify gender varchar(10) default '鐢�';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

Records: 0聽 Duplicates: 0聽 Warnings: 0

mysql> desc student;

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

7.鍒犻櫎age瀛楁锛�

mysql> alter table student drop age;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> desc student;

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

9.缁欑彮绾ц〃鎻掑叆3涓彮绾э紱

mysql> insert into class values(1001,'涓�鐝�');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> insert into class values(1002,'浜岀彮');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into class values(1003,'涓夌彮');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from class;

+------+-------+

| cid聽 | cname |

+------+-------+

| 1001 | 涓�鐝� 聽 |

| 1002 | 浜岀彮聽聽聽 |

| 1003 | 涓夌彮聽聽聽 |

+------+-------+

10.鍦ㄥ鐢熻〃涓粰姣忎釜鐝骇娣诲姞3鍚嶅鐢熶俊鎭紱

mysql> insert into student values(1,'寮犱笁','鐢�','2012-01-02',1001,'cq');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into student values(null,'鏉庡洓','濂�','2009-03-22',1002,'cq');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into student values(null,'鐜嬩簲','鐢�','2009-03-25',1003,'cq');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select *from student;

+-----+-------+--------+------------+------+---------+

+-----+-------+--------+------------+------+---------+

|聽 1 | 寮犱笁聽聽聽 | 鐢仿� 聽聽 | 2012-01-02 | 1001 | cq聽聽聽 |

|聽 2 | 鏉庡洓聽聽聽 | 濂陈� 聽聽 | 2009-03-22 | 1002 | cq聽聽聽 |

|聽 3 | 鐜嬩簲聽聽聽 | 鐢仿� 聽聽 | 2009-03-25 | 1003 | cq聽聽聽 |

+-----+-------+--------+------------+------+---------+

8.缁欏鐢熻〃鐨刢id涓婃坊鍔犲閿害鏉燂紝浠ュ弬鑰僣lass琛ㄤ腑鐨刢id瀛楁锛�

mysql> alter table student add constraint fk_cid foreign key(cid) references class(cid);

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.02 sec)

Records: 3聽 Duplicates: 0聽 Warnings: 0

鍙楀埌绾︽潫鎶ラ敊锛�

mysql>聽 insert into student values(null,'鐜嬩簲','鐢�','2009-03-25',1004,'cq');

ERROR 1452 (23000): Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint f

ails (`c17/student`, CONSTRAINT `fk_cid` FOREIGN KEY (`cid`) REFERENCES `class`

(`cid`))

11.鍒犻櫎澶栭敭锛�

mysql> alter table student drop foreign聽 key fk_cid;

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.02 sec)

Records: 3聽 Duplicates: 0聽 Warnings: 0

鍒犻櫎鍚庡彲浠ュ線student缁х画娣诲姞瀛︾敓淇℃伅锛�

mysql>聽 insert into student values(null,'鐜嬩簲','鐢�','2009-03-25',1004,'cq');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select *from student;

+-----+-------+--------+------------+------+---------+

+-----+-------+--------+------------+------+---------+

|聽 1 | 寮犱笁聽聽聽 | 鐢仿� 聽聽 | 2012-01-02 | 1001 | cq聽聽聽 |

|聽 2 | 鏉庡洓聽聽聽 | 濂陈� 聽聽 | 2009-03-22 | 1002 | cq聽聽聽 |

|聽 3 | 鐜嬩簲聽聽聽 | 鐢仿� 聽聽 | 2009-03-25 | 1003 | cq聽聽聽 |

|聽 4 | 鐜嬩簲聽聽聽 | 鐢仿� 聽聽 | 2009-03-25 | 1004 | cq聽聽聽 |

+-----+-------+--------+------------+------+---------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

12.澶嶅埗student琛ㄥ埌student2锛�

mysql> create table student2 select * from student;

Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Records: 4聽 Duplicates: 0聽 Warnings: 0

mysql> select *from student2;

+-----+-------+--------+------------+------+---------+

+-----+-------+--------+------------+------+---------+

|聽 1 | 寮犱笁聽聽聽 | 鐢仿� 聽聽 | 2012-01-02 | 1001 | cq聽聽聽 |

|聽 2 | 鏉庡洓聽聽聽 | 濂陈� 聽聽 | 2009-03-22 | 1002 | cq聽聽聽 |

|聽 3 | 鐜嬩簲聽聽聽 | 鐢仿� 聽聽 | 2009-03-25 | 1003 | cq聽聽聽 |

|聽 4 | 鐜嬩簲聽聽聽 | 鐢仿� 聽聽 | 2009-03-25 | 1004 | cq聽聽聽 |

+-----+-------+--------+------------+------+---------+

13.灏嗚〃student2鐨勫悕瀛楁敼涓簊tu;

鏀瑰墠鎵�鏈夌殑琛細

mysql> show tables;

+---------------+

| Tables_in_c17 |

+---------------+

| class聽聽聽聽 |

| student聽聽聽 |

| student2聽聽聽 |

+---------------+

鏀瑰悗鎵�鏈夌殑琛細

mysql> show tables;

+---------------+

| Tables_in_c17 |

+---------------+

| class聽聽聽聽 |

| stu聽聽聽聽聽 |

| student聽聽聽 |

+---------------+

14.鍒犻櫎stu琛ㄤ腑sid鐨勮嚜澧為暱锛�

mysql> desc stu;

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+

mysql> alter table stu modify sid int;

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.02 sec)

Records: 3聽 Duplicates: 0聽 Warnings: 0

mysql> desc stu;

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+-------+

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+-------+

| sid聽聽聽 | int(11)聽聽 | NO聽 | PRI | 0聽聽聽聽聽 |聽聽聽 |

| sname聽聽 | varchar(10) | NO聽 |聽聽 |聽聽聽聽聽聽 |聽聽聽 |

| birthday | date聽聽聽聽 | YES聽 |聽聽 | 2000-01-01 |聽聽聽 |

+----------+-------------+------+-----+------------+-------+

15.鍒犻櫎stu琛紱

鍒犻櫎鍓嶏細

mysql> show tables;

+---------------+

| Tables_in_c17 |

+---------------+

| class聽聽聽聽 |

| stu聽聽聽聽聽 |

| student聽聽聽 |

+---------------+

mysql> drop table stu;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

鍒犻櫎鍚庯細

mysql> show tables;

+---------------+

| Tables_in_c17 |

+---------------+

| class聽聽聽聽 |

| student聽聽聽 |

+---------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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