目录
- 1、SpringBoot返回JSON简介
- 2、整合jackson-databind
- 3、整合Gson
- 4、整合fastjson
1、SpringBoot返回JSON简介
随着web开发前后端分离技术的盛行,json是目前主流的前后端数据交互方式,使用json数据进行交互需要对json数据进行转换解析,需要用到一些json处理器,常用的json处理器有:
- jackson-databind,SpringBoot默认的json处理器
- Gson,是Google的一个开源框架
- fastjson,目前解析速度最快的开源解析框架,由阿里开发
下面分别介绍如何在SpringBoot中整合三大json解析框架。
2、整合jackson-databind
Jackson-databind是SpringBoot默认集成在web依赖中的框架,因此我们只需要引入spring-boot-starter-web
依赖,就可以返回json数据:
接着上篇文章中的demo继续修改demo,先看下代码框架:
下面开始修改demo,返回json数据,首先在pojo下创建一个Good实体类,并且可以通过注解来解决日期格式等需求:
package com.gongsir.springboot02.pojo;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import java.util.Date;
public class Good {
private Integer id;
private String name;
@JsonIgnore
private Double price;
@JsonFormat(pattern = "yy-MM-dd")
private Date dealDate;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Date getDealDate() {
return dealDate;
}
public void setDealDate(Date dealDate) {
this.dealDate = dealDate;
}
}
然后在controller包下创建一个GoodController,在方法上加上@ResponseBody
注解(也可以直接使用@RestController
注解整个类)即可返回json信息:
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/good")
public class GoodController {
@GetMapping(path = "/get")
@ResponseBody
public Good getGood(){
Good good = new Good();
good.setId(1);
good.setName("MacBook Pro 2019");
good.setPrice(16999.99);
good.setDealDate(new Date());
return good;
}
}
此时可以使用浏览器或者postman工具来查看结果,运行项目,调用http://localhost:8080/good/get接口:
3、整合Gson
使用Gson需要将SpringBoot默认依赖的jackson-databind除去,然后引入Gson:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
com.fasterxml.jackson.core
jackson-databind
com.google.code.gson
gson
创建一个gson配置:
package com.gongsir.springboot02.configuration;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.GsonHttpMessageConverter;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
@Configuration
public class GsonConfig {
@Bean
GsonHttpMessageConverter gsonHttpMessageConverter(){
GsonHttpMessageConverter gsonHttpMessageConverter = new GsonHttpMessageConverter();
GsonBuilder builder = new GsonBuilder();
//设置解析的日期格式
builder.setDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
//设置忽略字段,忽略修饰符为protected的字段属性
builder.excludeFieldsWithModifiers(Modifier.PROTECTED);
Gson gson = builder.create();
gsonHttpMessageConverter.setGson(gson);
return gsonHttpMessageConverter;
}
}
修改Good,java:
package com.gongsir.springboot02.pojo;
import java.util.Date;
public class Good {
protected Integer id;
private String name;
private Double price;
private Date dealDate;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Date getDealDate() {
return dealDate;
}
public void setDealDate(Date dealDate) {
this.dealDate = dealDate;
}
}
启动项目,再次访问http://localhost:8080/good/get接口:
4、整合fastjson
引入fastjson依赖,修改刚刚的pom.xml:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
com.fasterxml.jackson.core
jackson-databind
com.alibaba
fastjson
1.2.47
配置fastjson有两种方法,方法一:自定义MyFastjsonConfig,提供FastJsonHttpMessageConverter Bean:
package com.gongsir.springboot02.configuration;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Configuration
public class MyFastjsonConfig {
@Bean
FastJsonHttpMessageConverter fastJsonHttpMessageConverter(){
FastJsonHttpMessageConverter converter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();
FastJsonConfig config = new FastJsonConfig();
//升级之后的fastjson(1.2.28之后的版本)需要手动配置MediaType,否则会报错
List supportedMediaTypes = new ArrayList<>();
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_ATOM_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_RSS_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XHTML_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_GIF);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_JPEG);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_PNG);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_EVENT_STREAM);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_HTML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_MARKDOWN);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_XML);
converter.setSupportedMediaTypes(supportedMediaTypes);
config.setDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
config.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
config.setSerializerFeatures(
//json格式化
SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat,
//输出value为null的数据
SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue
);
converter.setFastJsonConfig(config);
return converter;
}
}
方法二:实现WebMvcConfigurer接口,重写configureMessageConverters方法:
package com.gongsir.springboot02.configuration;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Configuration
public class FastJsonConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void configureMessageConverters(List> converters) {
FastJsonHttpMessageConverter converter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();
com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig config = new com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig();
//升级之后的fastjson(1.2.28之后的版本)需要手动配置MediaType,否则会报错
List supportedMediaTypes = new ArrayList<>();
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_ATOM_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_RSS_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XHTML_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_GIF);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_JPEG);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_PNG);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_EVENT_STREAM);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_HTML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_MARKDOWN);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_XML);
converter.setSupportedMediaTypes(supportedMediaTypes);
config.setDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
config.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
config.setSerializerFeatures(
//json格式化
SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat,
//输出value为null的数据
SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue
);
converter.setFastJsonConfig(config);
//将converter加入到converters
converters.add(converter);
}
}
启动项目,再次调用接口: