nginx开机自动启动和chkconfig管理

Nginx 是一个很强大的高性能Web和反向代理服务器。虽然使用命令行可以对nginx进行各种操作,比如启动等,但是还是根据不太方便。下面介绍在CentOS下安装后,如何设置开机自启动。

首先,在linux系统的/etc/init.d/目录下创建nginx文件,使用如下命令:

vim /etc/init.d/nginx

在脚本中添加如下命令:

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

#Nginx命令路径
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
#Nginx配置文件路径
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
   # make required directories
   user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
   if [ -n "$user" ]; then
      if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
         useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
      fi
      options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
      for opt in $options; do
          if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
              value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
              if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
                  # echo "creating" $value
                  mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
              fi
          fi
       done
    fi
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

保存脚本文件后设置文件的执行权限:

chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx

然后,就可以通过该脚本对nginx服务进行管理了:

/etc/init.d/nginx start
/etc/init.d/nginx stop

使用chkconfig进行管理

上面的方法完成了用脚本管理nginx服务的功能,但是还是不太方便,比如要设置nginx开机启动等。这时可以使用chkconfig来设置。

先将nginx服务加入chkconfig管理列表:

chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx

加完这个之后,就可以使用service对nginx进行启动,重启等操作了。

service nginx start
service nginx stop

设置终端模式开机启动:

chkconfig nginx on

如果服务启动时,提示以下内容:

May 22 17:48:57 gongxm systemd[1]: Starting SYSV: NGINX is an HTTP(S) serve.....
May 22 17:48:57 gongxm systemd[1]: PID file /var/run/nginx.pid not readable...t.
May 22 17:48:57 gongxm systemd[1]: Failed to start SYSV: NGINX is an HTTP(S...r.
May 22 17:48:57 gongxm systemd[1]: Unit nginx.service entered failed state.
May 22 17:48:57 gongxm systemd[1]: nginx.service failed.

解决方案:

1. 修改nginx的配置文件: nginx.conf
    把     "pid        logs/nginx.pid;"     这句前面的#去掉
2.执行以下命令
  systemctl daemon-reload
3.再次尝试启动服务

Nginx的安装 请参考: 这里

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