spring boot web相关配置

spring boot集成了servlet容器,当我们在pom文件中增加spring-boot-starter-web的maven依赖时,不做任何web相关的配置便能提供web服务,这还得归于spring boot 自动配置的功能(因为加了EnableAutoConfiguration的注解),帮我们创建了一堆默认的配置,以前在web.xml中配置,现在都可以通过spring bean的方式进行配置,由spring来进行生命周期的管理,大多数情况下,我们需要重载这些配置(例如修改服务的启动端口,contextpath,filter,listener,servlet,session超时时间等)

  1. servlet配置
    当应用只有默认的servlet(即DispatcherServlet)时,映射的url为/,存在其他的servlet时,映射的路径为servlet的注册的beanname(可通过@Component注解修改),创建方式如下:
@Component("myServlet")  
public class MyServlet implements Servlet{  
/** 
 *  
 * @see javax.servlet.Servlet#destroy() 
 */  
@Override  
public void destroy() {  
System.out.println("destroy...");  
}  
/** 
 * @return 
 * @see javax.servlet.Servlet#getServletConfig() 
 */  
@Override  
public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {  
return null;  
}  
/** 
 * @return 
 * @see javax.servlet.Servlet#getServletInfo() 
 */  
@Override  
public String getServletInfo() {  
return null;  
}  
/** 
 * @param arg0 
 * @throws ServletException 
 * @see javax.servlet.Servlet#init(javax.servlet.ServletConfig) 
 */  
@Override  
public void init(ServletConfig arg0) throws ServletException {  
System.out.println("servlet init...");  
}  
/** 
 * @param arg0 
 * @param arg1 
 * @throws ServletException 
 * @throws IOException 
 * @see javax.servlet.Servlet#service(javax.servlet.ServletRequest, javax.servlet.ServletResponse) 
 */  
@Override  
public void service(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1) throws ServletException,  
IOException {  
System.out.println("service...");  
}  
  1. filter配置
    filter配置的映射是/*,创建方式如下:
@Component("myFilter")  
public class MyFilter implements Filter{  
/** 
 *  
 * @see javax.servlet.Filter#destroy() 
 */  
@Override  
public void destroy() {  
System.out.println("destroy...");  
}  
/** 
 * @param arg0 
 * @param arg1 
 * @param arg2 
 * @throws IOException 
 * @throws ServletException 
 * @see javax.servlet.Filter#doFilter(javax.servlet.ServletRequest, javax.servlet.ServletResponse, javax.servlet.FilterChain) 
 */  
@Override  
public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1, FilterChain arg2)  
throws IOException,  
ServletException {  
System.out.println("doFilter...");  
arg2.doFilter(arg0, arg1);  
}  
/** 
 * @param arg0 
 * @throws ServletException 
 * @see javax.servlet.Filter#init(javax.servlet.FilterConfig) 
 */  
@Override  
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {  
System.out.println("filter init...");  
}  
   
}

3.listener配置

@Component("myListener")  
public class MyListener implements ServletContextListener{  
/** 
 * @param arg0 
 * @see javax.servlet.ServletContextListener#contextDestroyed(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent) 
 */  
@Override  
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {  
System.out.println("contextDestroyed...");  
}  
/** 
 * @param arg0 
 * @see javax.servlet.ServletContextListener#contextInitialized(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent) 
 */  
@Override  
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {  
System.out.println("listener contextInitialized...");  
}  
   
}  

如果觉得控制力度不够灵活(例如你想修改filter的映射),spring boot还提供了 ServletRegistrationBean,FilterRegistrationBean,ServletListenerRegistrationBean这3个东西来进行配置

修改filter的映射

@Configuration  
public class WebConfig {  
@Bean  
public FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean(MyFilter myFilter){  
FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();  
filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(myFilter);  
filterRegistrationBean.setEnabled(true);  
filterRegistrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/bb");  
return filterRegistrationBean;  
} 
}  
  1. 配置servlet 容器
    可以通过两种方式配置servlet容器,一种是通过properties文件,例如:
server.port=8081  
server.address=127.0.0.1  
server.sessionTimeout=30  
server.contextPath=/springboot  

完整的配置信息可以看这 http://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/ServerProperties.java
另一种方式是java代码的形式:

@Component  
public class MyCustomizationBean implements EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer  {  
/** 
 * @param container 
 * @see org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer#customize(org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) 
 */  
@Override  
public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {  
 container.setContextPath("/sprintboot");  
 container.setPort(8081);  
 container.setSessionTimeout(30);  
}  
   
}  
  1. error 处理
    spring boot 提供了/error映射来进行错误处理,它会返回一个json来对错误信息进行描述(包含了http状态和异常信息),例如404的错误


    spring boot web相关配置_第1张图片

    当然可以定制错误页面,通过实现ErrorController接口,并将它装配起来即可,如下:

@Controller  
public class ErrorHandleController implements ErrorController {  
/** 
 * @return 
 * @see org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorController#getErrorPath() 
 */  
@Override  
public String getErrorPath() {  
return "/screen/error";  
}  
   
@RequestMapping  
public String errorHandle(){  
return getErrorPath();  
}  
}  

还可以这样:

@Component  
private class MyCustomizer implements EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer {  
   
@Override  
public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {  
container.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "/screen/error"));  
}  
   
}  

6.模板引擎
spring boot 会自动配置 FreeMarker,Thymeleaf,Velocity,只需要在pom中加入相应的依赖即可,例如应用Velocity

  
 org.springframework.boot  
 spring-boot-starter-velocity  
  

默认配置下spring boot会从src/main/resources/templates目录中去找模板

7、 jsp限制
如果要在spring boot中使用jsp,得将应用打包成war,这里有配置的example https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-samples/spring-boot-sample-web-jsp

原文:http://blog.csdn.net/yxsimple/article/details/46771123

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