win10安装pycocotools遇到的问题(gcc.exe failed with exit status 1)

背景安装pycocotools一直过不去，一直报错

PS C:\Users\peter> pip install git+https://github.com/philferriere/cocoapi.git#subdirectory=PythonAPI
Collecting git+https://github.com/philferriere/cocoapi.git#subdirectory=PythonAPI
  Cloning https://github.com/philferriere/cocoapi.git to c:\users\peter\appdata\local\temp\pip-req-build-_9qbjwiy
Building wheels for collected packages: pycocotools
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for pycocotools ... error
  Complete output from command d:\anaconda3\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\peter\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-req-build-_9qbjwiy\\PythonAPI\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d C:\Users\peter\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-ccfig2_s --python-tag cp36:
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.6
  creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.6\pycocotools
  copying pycocotools\coco.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.6\pycocotools
  copying pycocotools\cocoeval.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.6\pycocotools
  copying pycocotools\mask.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.6\pycocotools
  copying pycocotools\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.6\pycocotools
  running build_ext
  building 'pycocotools._mask' extension
  creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.6
  creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release
  creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools
  creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\common
  D:\Anaconda3\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -DMS_WIN64 -Id:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include -I../common -Id:\anaconda3\include -Id:\anaconda3\include -c pycocotools/_mask.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.o
  In file included from d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/ndarraytypes.h:1816:0,
                   from d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/ndarrayobject.h:18,
                   from d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/arrayobject.h:4,
                   from pycocotools/_mask.c:590:
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/npy_1_7_deprecated_api.h:12:9: note: #pragma message: d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/npy_1_7_deprecated_api.h(12) : Warning Msg: Using deprecated NumPy API, disable it by #defining NPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API NPY_1_7_API_VERSION
  pycocotools/_mask.c: In function '__Pyx_ImportType':
  pycocotools/_mask.c:16964:13: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
  pycocotools/_mask.c:16964:13: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
  pycocotools/_mask.c:16964:13: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
  D:\Anaconda3\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -DMS_WIN64 -Id:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include -I../common -Id:\anaconda3\include -Id:\anaconda3\include -c ../common/maskApi.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\..\common\maskapi.o
  writing build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def
  D:\Anaconda3\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -shared -s build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.o build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\..\common\maskapi.o build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def -Ld:\anaconda3\libs -Ld:\anaconda3\PCbuild\amd64 -lpython36 -lmsvcr140 -o build\lib.win-amd64-3.6\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.pyd
  d:/anaconda3/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.7.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def:1: syntax error
  d:/anaconda3/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.7.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe:build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def: file format not recognized; treating as linker script
  d:/anaconda3/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.7.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe:build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def:1: syntax error
  collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
  error: command 'D:\\Anaconda3\\MinGW\\bin\\gcc.exe' failed with exit status 1

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for pycocotools
  Running setup.py clean for pycocotools
  Complete output from command d:\anaconda3\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\peter\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-req-build-_9qbjwiy\\PythonAPI\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" clean --all:
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "", line 1, in 
    File "C:\Users\peter\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-req-build-_9qbjwiy\PythonAPI\setup.py", line 25, in 
      cythonize(ext_modules)
    File "d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\Cython\Build\Dependencies.py", line 897, in cythonize
      aliases=aliases)
    File "d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\Cython\Build\Dependencies.py", line 777, in create_extension_list
      for file in nonempty(sorted(extended_iglob(filepattern)), "'%s' doesn't match any files" % filepattern):
    File "d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\Cython\Build\Dependencies.py", line 102, in nonempty
      raise ValueError(error_msg)
  ValueError: 'pycocotools/_mask.pyx' doesn't match any files

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed cleaning build dir for pycocotools
Failed to build pycocotools
Installing collected packages: pycocotools
  Running setup.py install for pycocotools ... error
    Complete output from command d:\anaconda3\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\peter\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-req-build-_9qbjwiy\\PythonAPI\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record C:\Users\peter\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-kjy7gqmp\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    running build_ext
    building 'pycocotools._mask' extension
    D:\Anaconda3\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -DMS_WIN64 -Id:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include -I../common -Id:\anaconda3\include -Id:\anaconda3\include -c pycocotools/_mask.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.o
    In file included from d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/ndarraytypes.h:1816:0,
                     from d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/ndarrayobject.h:18,
                     from d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/arrayobject.h:4,
                     from pycocotools/_mask.c:590:
    d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/npy_1_7_deprecated_api.h:12:9: note: #pragma message: d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include/numpy/npy_1_7_deprecated_api.h(12) : Warning Msg: Using deprecated NumPy API, disable it by #defining NPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API NPY_1_7_API_VERSION
    pycocotools/_mask.c: In function '__Pyx_ImportType':
    pycocotools/_mask.c:16964:13: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
    pycocotools/_mask.c:16964:13: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
    pycocotools/_mask.c:16964:13: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
    D:\Anaconda3\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -DMS_WIN64 -Id:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include -I../common -Id:\anaconda3\include -Id:\anaconda3\include -c ../common/maskApi.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\..\common\maskapi.o
    writing build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def
    D:\Anaconda3\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -shared -s build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.o build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\..\common\maskapi.o build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def -Ld:\anaconda3\libs -Ld:\anaconda3\PCbuild\amd64 -lpython36 -lmsvcr140 -o build\lib.win-amd64-3.6\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.pyd
    d:/anaconda3/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.7.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def:1: syntax error
    d:/anaconda3/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.7.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe:build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def: file format not recognized; treating as linker script
    d:/anaconda3/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.7.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe:build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\pycocotools\_mask.cp36-win_amd64.def:1: syntax error
    collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
    error: command 'D:\\Anaconda3\\MinGW\\bin\\gcc.exe' failed with exit status 1

解决方法

原因是编译安装时python用的mingw32的gcc而不是用msvc，因此一直有些问题

solution：

1. 进入python安装目录(anaconda目录),找到Lib,进入
2. 找到distutils包，进入找到distutils.cfg文件
   用anaconda的话是这样的

[build]           
compiler=mingw32

改为：

[build]           
compiler=msvc 

3.pip install git+https://github.com/philferriere/cocoapi.git#subdirectory=PythonAPI

PS C:\Users\peter> pip install git+https://github.com/philferriere/cocoapi.git#subdirectory=PythonAPI
Collecting git+https://github.com/philferriere/cocoapi.git#subdirectory=PythonAPI
  Cloning https://github.com/philferriere/cocoapi.git to c:\users\peter\appdata\local\temp\pip-req-build-_5h_zx6o
Building wheels for collected packages: pycocotools
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for pycocotools ... done
  Stored in directory: C:\Users\peter\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-ephem-wheel-cache-f2p0wo9j\wheels\69\2b\12\2fa959e49f73d26cff202c2f4e5079096c9c57c8a8509fd75c
Successfully built pycocotools
Installing collected packages: pycocotools
Successfully installed pycocotools-2.0
You are using pip version 10.0.1, however version 18.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

3. ok!

---

这里是这个文件的地址，有需要的小伙伴可以自行下载
https://gist.github.com/cgpeter96/c56d28798faec5e689cf6139e8341d39