Java 变量参数传入方法，修改后是否影响外面的值

public class Test2 {

    public static void setValue(String str){
        str = "ss";
    }
    public static void setValue(Man str){
        str = new Man("test");
    }

    public static class Man{
        private String name;

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public Man(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Man{" +
                    "name='" + name + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String str = "s";
        setValue(str);

        System.out.println(str);


        Man man = null;
        setValue(man);
        System.out.println(man);

    }
}

如上面代码实践，结果输出 

s
null

原因是方法在执行的时候有栈帧的概念，入栈的时候只是压栈方法参数是传入参数的副本。

JVM高级特性

此时区分数据类型：基本类型和引用类型

基本类型：值存放在局部变量表中，无论如何修改只会修改当前栈帧的值，方法执行结束对方法外不会做任何改变；此时需要改变外层的变量，必须返回主动赋值。

引用数据类型：指针存放在局部变量表中，调用方法的时候，副本引用压栈，赋值仅改变副本的引用。但是如果直接改变副本引用的值，修改了引用地址的对象，此时方法以外的引用此地址对象当然被修改。（两个引用，同一个地址，任何修改行为2个引用同时生效）

比如

public static void setValue(StringBuilder str){
        str = new StringBuilder("sss");
    }
    
    public static void setValue2(StringBuilder str){
        str.append("sss");
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
        setValue(str);

        System.out.println(str.toString()); //输出空字符串


        setValue2(str);
        System.out.println(str.toString()); //输出sss

    }

关于String，本质是final类型char数组，不可修改，只能赋值，在做参数传入方法修改时，其实是新建对象，必须返回重新对外面的变量赋值才会对外面的String引用生效。

看String源码的任意一个方法即可明白

/**
     * Returns a string resulting from replacing all occurrences of
     * {@code oldChar} in this string with {@code newChar}.
     * 

     * If the character {@code oldChar} does not occur in the
     * character sequence represented by this {@code String} object,
     * then a reference to this {@code String} object is returned.
     * Otherwise, a {@code String} object is returned that
     * represents a character sequence identical to the character sequence
     * represented by this {@code String} object, except that every
     * occurrence of {@code oldChar} is replaced by an occurrence
     * of {@code newChar}.
     * 

     * Examples:
     * 
     * "mesquite in your cellar".replace('e', 'o')
     *         returns "mosquito in your collar"
     * "the war of baronets".replace('r', 'y')
     *         returns "the way of bayonets"
     * "sparring with a purple porpoise".replace('p', 't')
     *         returns "starring with a turtle tortoise"
     * "JonL".replace('q', 'x') returns "JonL" (no change)
     * 
     *
     * @param   oldChar   the old character.
     * @param   newChar   the new character.
     * @return  a string derived from this string by replacing every
     *          occurrence of {@code oldChar} with {@code newChar}.
     */
    public String replace(char oldChar, char newChar) {
        if (oldChar != newChar) {
            int len = value.length;
            int i = -1;
            char[] val = value; /* avoid getfield opcode */

            while (++i < len) {
                if (val[i] == oldChar) {
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (i < len) {
                char buf[] = new char[len];
                for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
                    buf[j] = val[j];
                }
                while (i < len) {
                    char c = val[i];
                    buf[i] = (c == oldChar) ? newChar : c;
                    i++;
                }
                //String的value 是final char[]，一旦创建不能改变
                return new String(buf, true);
            }
        }
        return this;
    }

引用类型会引起浅拷贝和深拷贝现象。