随手做翻译 2016-08-19

这一篇博客里面的原文都没办法标出页码，因为是用kindle看得，就不贴具体的出处啦。还是同一本书，The Gene.
原文

A mutation, McKusick realized, is a statistical entity, not a pathological or moral one. A mutation doesn’t imply disease, nor does it specify a gain or loss of function. In a formal sense, a mutation is defined only by its deviation from the norm (the opposite of “mutant” is not “normal” but “wild type”—i.e., the type or variant found more commonly in the wild).

翻译

麦库西克（McKusick）明白了，看待基因突变要用统计学的视角，不能用病理学的眼光或者道德价值的标尺去看。基因发生突变未必就意味着疾病，也不一定会引起肢体机能上的增减。严谨地讲，突变之所以为突变，是因为它跟大多数不一样（“突变”的反义词不是“正常”，而应该是“野生型”【wild type】，也就是物种在野生环境下的常见表型）。

原文

The definition of disease rests, rather, on the specific disabilities caused by an incongruity between an individual’s genetic endowment and his or her current environment—between a mutation, the circumstances of a person’s existence, and his or her goals for survival or success.

翻译

相反，缺陷之所以是缺陷，是因为一个人的先天基因与这个人生活的后天环境格格不入，是因为他的基因突变使他难以在当前的生存环境中延续生命或者实现人生目标。

原文

The most remarkable feature of X-Men was not its growing, multifarious menagerie of mutant characters—a wolf man with steel claws or a woman able to summon English weather on command—but the reversed roles of the victim and the victimizer.

翻译（这一句里面最好玩的是那个“English weather”，哈哈哈，有意思）

《X战警》真正值得称道的不是更多花样的变种人——什么长着钢爪的狼人和呼风唤雨的雷母——真正值得称道的是受害者和迫害者角色的调换。

原文

Genetic illness and genetic wellness were not discrete neighboring countries; rather, wellness and illness were continuous kingdoms, bounded by thin, often transparent, borders.

翻译

基因的疾病与健康并不是泾渭分明的两种状态，而是一个连续的渐变的尺度，两者之间的界限非常难以界定，甚至经常没法界定。