python3核心编程之线程

API

启动线程
Thread.start()

创建线程
threading.Thread(target)

继承方式创建

class MyThread(threading.Thread):
def run(self)

创建锁
mutex = threading.Lock()

锁定
mutex.acquire([blocking])

释放
mutex.release()

线程局部变量
threading.local()

回调方式创建线程

#coding=utf-8
import threading
from time import sleep,ctime

def sing():
    for i in range(3):
        print("正在唱歌...%d"%i)
        sleep(1)

def dance():
    for i in range(3):
        print("正在跳舞...%d"%i)
        sleep(1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print('---开始---:%s'%ctime())

    t1 = threading.Thread(target=sing)
    t2 = threading.Thread(target=dance)

    t1.start()
    t2.start()

    while True:
        length = len(threading.enumerate())
        print('当前运行的线程数为：%d'%length)
        if length<=1:
            break

        sleep(0.5)

继承方式创建线程

#coding=utf-8
import threading
import time

class MyThread(threading.Thread):
    def run(self):
        for i in range(3):
            time.sleep(1)
            msg = "I'm "+self.name+' @ '+str(i) #name属性中保存的是当前线程的名字
            print(msg)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    t = MyThread()
    t.start()

互斥锁

#创建锁
mutex = threading.Lock()
#锁定
mutex.acquire([blocking])
#释放
mutex.release()

生产者与消费者模式

#encoding=utf-8
import threading
import time

#python3中
# from queue import Queue

class Producer(threading.Thread):
    def run(self):
        global queue
        count = 0
        while True:
            if queue.qsize() < 1000:
                for i in range(100):
                    count = count +1
                    msg = '生成产品'+str(count)
                    queue.put(msg)
                    print(msg)
            time.sleep(0.5)

class Consumer(threading.Thread):
    def run(self):
        global queue
        while True:
            if queue.qsize() > 100:
                for i in range(3):
                    msg = self.name + '消费了 '+queue.get()
                    print(msg)
            time.sleep(1)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    queue = Queue()

    for i in range(500):
        queue.put('初始产品'+str(i))
    for i in range(2):
        p = Producer()
        p.start()
    for i in range(5):
        c = Consumer()
        c.start()

ThreadLocal

ThreadLocal的实例代表了一个线程局部的变量，每条线程都只能看到自己的值，并不会意识到其它的线程中也存在该变量。

import threading

# 创建全局ThreadLocal对象:
local_school = threading.local()

def process_student():
    # 获取当前线程关联的student:
    std = local_school.student
    print('Hello, %s (in %s)' % (std, threading.current_thread().name))

def process_thread(name):
    # 绑定ThreadLocal的student:
    local_school.student = name
    process_student()

t1 = threading.Thread(target= process_thread, args=('dongGe',), name='Thread-A')
t2 = threading.Thread(target= process_thread, args=('老王',), name='Thread-B')
t1.start()
t2.start()
t1.join()
t2.join()