cockroach官方文档翻译---1.安装与启动

1. 安装与启动

1.1 安装

1.1.1  下载二进制文件
CockroachDB 在linux在线安装：网址如下，版本v1.1.3
https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/install-cockroachdb.html


1）在线下载二进制文件
[root@localhost cochroachDB]# wget -qO- https://binaries.cockroachdb.com/cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64.tgz | tar  xvz
cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64/cockroach
[root@localhost cochroachDB]# ls
cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64
2）将二进制文件拷贝到你的目录下，便于执行CockroachDB脚本
[root@localhost cochroachDB]# cp -i cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64/cockroach /usr/local/bin


注释：wget -q 以安静模式输出，默认以/后文件进行命名cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64.tgz，
           tar  x 从备份文件中还原文件, v 显示指令执行过程，z 通过gzip指令处理备份文件；

           cp -i 覆盖既有文件之前先询问用户

1. 2 快速启动

注意：默认情况下，每个CochroachDB向Cochroach实验室以匿名形式报告的自己的使用细节，如何自愿推出报告，请查阅https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/diagnostics-reporting.html

相关官方文档：https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/start-a-local-cluster.html

1.2.1 不安全的部署
步骤1：启动第一个节点
[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --host=localhost
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
* 
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
* 
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 01:08:26.454099704 +0000 UTC (took 0.6s)
build:      CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin:      http://localhost:8080
sql:        postgresql://root@localhost:26257?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs:       /root/cockroach-data/logs
store[0]:   path=/root/cockroach-data
status:     initialized new cluster
clusterID:  f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID:     1

注意：
1）--insercure 启用非密码认证
2）这是一个纯粹的本地集群，--host=localhost 告诉节点只监听localhost，内部和客户端默认的端口号26257,http请求通过8080端口发出
3）节点数据存储在cockroach-data路径
4）标准输出提供了cockroach版本的帮助文档，admin UI的URL，客户端的SQL URL

步骤2：
单节点已经可以使用，连接sql客户端，建立数据库，但在实际的部署中，你需要3个或者以上节点去利用cockroach的自动复制，自动节点数据平衡和默认容忍优点，如下是在本地模拟配置一个实际的部署环境
打开一个新的客户端
[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --store=node2 --host=localhost --port=26258 --http-port=8081 --join=localhost:26257
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
* 
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
* 
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 01:13:40.664945281 +0000 UTC (took 0.2s)
build:      CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin:      http://localhost:8081
sql:        postgresql://root@localhost:26258?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs:       /root/node2/logs
store[0]:   path=/root/node2
status:     initialized new node, joined pre-existing cluster
clusterID:  f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID:     2


打开一个新的终端：
[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --store=node3 --host=localhost --port=26259 --http-port=8082 --join=localhost:26257
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
* 
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
* 
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 01:32:52.559260389 +0000 UTC (took 0.2s)
build:      CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin:      http://localhost:8082
sql:        postgresql://root@localhost:26259?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs:       /root/node3/logs
store[0]:   path=/root/node3
status:     initialized new node, joined pre-existing cluster
clusterID:  f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID:     3


在部署中最重要的不同点是
--join 将新节点加入到集群中，定义第一个节点的地址和端口号，例如localhost:26257
因为在同一台机器上运行所有节点，需要设置--store --port 和--http-port  标识位置和端口没有被其他节点使用，但是在实际的部署环境中，每个节点在不同的机器上，默认配置可以满足要求


 步骤3：
现在你部署了3个节点，你可以将任意节点作为sql的入口，为了证实这一点，打开一个新的终端，使用SQL客户端连接节点1
注意：SQL客户端已经部署在cockroach的二进制包里，不需要额外操作
[forget@localhost cockroachDB]$ cockroach sql --insecure
# Welcome to the cockroach SQL interface.
# All statements must be terminated by a semicolon.
# To exit: CTRL + D.
#
# Server version: CockroachDB CCL v1.1.3 (linux amd64, built 2017/11/27 13:59:10, go1.8.3) (same version as client)
# Cluster ID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
#
# Enter \? for a brief introduction.
#
root@:26257/> create database bank;
CREATE DATABASE

Time: 46.596945ms

root@:26257/> create table bank.accounts(id int primary key,balance decimal);
CREATE TABLE

Time: 49.272314ms

root@:26257/> insert into bank.accounts values (1,1000.50) ;
INSERT 1

Time: 48.679601msroot@:26257/> select * from bank.accounts;
+----+---------+
| id | balance |
+----+---------+
|  1 | 1000.50 |
+----+---------+
(1 row)

Time: 4.778574ms

root@:26257/> \q

连接节点2，需要定义端口号不使用默认端口[forget@localhost cockroachDB]$ cockroach sql --insecure --port=26258
# Welcome to the cockroach SQL interface.
# All statements must be terminated by a semicolon.
# To exit: CTRL + D.
#
# Server version: CockroachDB CCL v1.1.3 (linux amd64, built 2017/11/27 13:59:10, go1.8.3) (same version as client)
# Cluster ID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
#
# Enter \? for a brief introduction.
#
注意在实际环境中，所有的节点可以使用默认端口26257，可以不需要—port选项root@:26258/> select * from bank.accounts;
+----+---------+
| id | balance |
+----+---------+
|  1 | 1000.50 |
+----+---------+
(1 row)

Time: 29.444091ms

你可以看到节点2和节点1作为sql入口表现是相同的


步骤4 监控集群


通过admin UI 在你的集群中，在浏览器中打开http://localhost:8080,或者在admin 中制定任意启动节点的标准输出



cockroachDB在后台自动复制你的数据，为了政府复制成功，向下滚动查看Replicas per Node .




副本在每个节点是相同的，在集群中复制3次


步骤5 停止cluster 
一旦你完成测试cluster,切换到第一个节点，按ctrl+c 停止该节点
此时其他2个节点仍然是在线的，集群仍然是可以使用的，因为多数副本是可达的。为了证明集群可以容忍失败(其中一个节点down)，通过SQL shell 连接节点2和节点3


[forget@localhost cockroachDB]$ cockroach sql --insecure --port=26258
# Welcome to the cockroach SQL interface.
# All statements must be terminated by a semicolon.
# To exit: CTRL + D.
#
# Server version: CockroachDB CCL v1.1.3 (linux amd64, built 2017/11/27 13:59:10, go1.8.3) (same version as client)
# Cluster ID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
#
# Enter \? for a brief introduction.
#
root@:26258/> select * from bank.accounts;
+----+---------+
| id | balance |
+----+---------+
|  1 | 1000.50 |
|  2 |  800.50 |
+----+---------+
(2 rows)


Time: 28.962136ms


停止节点2节点3，使用ctrl+c，输出如下：
^CNote: a second interrupt will skip graceful shutdown and terminate forcefully
initiating graceful shutdown of server
server drained and shutdown completed
*
* ERROR: interrupted
*
Failed running "start"


注意：对于节点3，关闭时间较长(大约1分钟)，因为只剩于3个节点中的一个节点，多数副本不可达，cluster不可用。为了加速这个过程，需要按2次ctrl+c，输出如下：
^CNote: a second interrupt will skip graceful shutdown and terminate forcefully
initiating graceful shutdown of server
^C*
* ERROR: received signal 'interrupt' during shutdown, initiating hard shutdown
*
Failed running "start"




步骤6：重启cluster








如果你决定继续使用集群进行后续的测试，你需要重启至少3个节点中的两个，使用节点的数据存储。
重新启动节点1，数据路径cockroach-data/
[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --host=localhost
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
* 
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
* 
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*






只有一个节点在线，集群是不可用的，你不会看到任何回应，执行了以上命令之后，知道你重启第二个节点


在一个新的终端，重启第二个节点，使用父路径节点node2/


[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --store=node2 --host=localhost --port=26258 --http-port=8081 --join=localhost:26257
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
* 
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
* 
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 06:44:52.586972516 +0000 UTC (took 17.8s)
build:      CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin:      http://localhost:8081
sql:        postgresql://root@localhost:26258?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs:       /root/node2/logs
store[0]:   path=/root/node2
status:     restarted pre-existing node
clusterID:  f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID:     2


打开一个新的终端，启动节点3，使用父路径node3/[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --store=node3 --host=localhost --port=26259 --http-port=8082 --join=localhost:26257
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
* 
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
* 
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 06:45:21.365022797 +0000 UTC (took 12.6s)
build:      CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin:      http://localhost:8082
sql:        postgresql://root@localhost:26259?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs:       /root/node3/logs
store[0]:   path=/root/node3
status:     restarted pre-existing node
clusterID:  f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID:     3