libprotobuf ERROR google/protobuf/wire_format.cc:1059

使用google::protobuf进行序列化，在运行时有如下警告！

libprotobuf ERROR google/protobuf/wire_format.cc:1059] Encountered string containing invalid UTF-8 data while serializing protocol buffer. Strings must contain only UTF-8; use the 'bytes' type for raw bytes.

libprotobuf ERROR google/protobuf/wire_format.cc:1059] Encountered string containing invalid UTF-8 data while serializing protocol buffer. Strings must contain only UTF-8; use the 'bytes' type for raw bytes.

原因：要求所有的string类型都必须为UTF-8类型的，可以使用 进行格式转化。

介绍一下字符集相关知识：

 

在技术编码方面上，演化顺序为：ASCII ⇒ GB2312 ⇒ GBK ⇒ GB18030

 

先面贴一段转化的代码：

 

 

include 
#include 
#include 
using namespace std;
#include 
bool convertGbk2Utf(string& instr, string& outstr)
{
                iconv_t     gbk2UtfDescriptor;
                gbk2UtfDescriptor = iconv_open("UTF-8", "GBK");
                size_t inlen = instr.length();
                char* in = const_cast(instr.c_str());
                size_t outlen = inlen * 2 + 1; // inlen * 1.5 + 1 >= outlen >= inlen + 1
                char* outbuf = (char*)::malloc(outlen);
                char* out = outbuf;
                memset(outbuf, 0x0, outlen);
                if((size_t)-1 == iconv(gbk2UtfDescriptor, &in, &inlen, &out, &outlen))
                {
                                ::free(outbuf);
                                return false;
                }
                outstr.clear();
                outstr.append(outbuf);
                ::free(outbuf);
                return true;
}
int main()
{
                string str = "黄";
                convertGbk2Utf(str,str);
                cout << str << endl;
}