MySQL之——基于Keepalived实现双机HA
转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/l1028386804/article/details/52904449
1、环境描述：
OS：CentOS6.5_X64
MASTER：192.168.0.202
BACKUP：192.168.0.203
VIP：192.168.0.204
2、配置两台Mysql主主同步
关于MySQL的安装大家也可以参考《 MySQL之——CentOS6.5 编译安装MySQL5.6.16 》，主主同步在主从同步的基础上将从服务器配置为之前主服务器的Master，相当于在原来主从同步的基础上，将原来的Slave设置为了原来Master的Master，大家也可以参考《MySQL之——MS主从复制(读写分离)实现》 ，设置A为B的Master，B为A的Slave后，然后再将B设置为A的Master,A设置为B的Slave。
[root@masterr ~]# yum install mysql-server mysql -y
[root@masterr ~]# service mysqld start
[root@masterr ~]# mysqladmin -u root proot
[root@masterr ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf #开启二进制日志，设置id
[mysqld]
server-id = 1 #backup这台设置2
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema #忽略写入binlog日志的库
auto-increment-increment = 2 #字段变化增量值
auto-increment-offset = 1 #初始字段ID为1
slave-skip-errors = all #忽略所有复制产生的错误
[root@masterr ~]# service mysqld restart
master配置如下：
[root@ master ~]# mysql -u root -proot
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replication';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.0.203',
-> master_user='replication',
-> master_password='replication',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',
-> master_log_pos=106; #对端状态显示的值
mysql> start slave; #启动同步[root@backup ~]# mysql -u root -proot
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replication';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.0.202',
-> master_user='replication',
-> master_password='replication',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',
-> master_log_pos=106;
mysql> start slave;
在master插入数据测试下：
在backup查看是否同步成功：
可以看到已经成功同步过去，同样在backup插入到user表数据，一样同步过去，双主就做成功了。
3、配置keepalived实现热备
[root@backup ~]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel #安装依赖包 [root@masterr ~]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
[root@masterr ~]# tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
[root@masterr ~]# cd keepalived-1.2.7
[root@masterr ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make[root@masterr ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
[root@masterr ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
[root@masterr ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived/
[root@masterr ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
[root@masterr ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/[root@masterr ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File forkeepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id MYSQL_HA #标识，双主相同
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #两台都设置BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51 #主备相同
priority 100 #优先级，backup设置90
advert_int 1
nopreempt #不主动抢占资源，只在master这台优先级高的设置，backup不设置
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.204
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.0.204 3306 {
delay_loop 2
#lb_algo rr #LVS算法，用不到，我们就关闭了
#lb_kind DR #LVS模式，如果不关闭，备用服务器不能通过VIP连接主MySQL
persistence_timeout 50 #同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.0.202 3306 { #检测本地mysql，backup也要写检测本地mysql
weight 3
notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh #当mysq服down时，执行此脚本，杀死keepalived实现切换
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3 #连接超时
nb_get_retry 3 #重试次数
delay_before_retry 3 #重试间隔时间
}
}[root@masterr ~]# vi /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
pkill keepalived
[root@masterr ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
[root@masterr ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start#授权两台Mysql服务器允许root远程登录，用于在其他服务器登陆测试！
mysql> grant all on *.* to'root'@'192.168.0.%' identified by 'root';
mysql> flush privileges;4、测试高可用性
1)通过Mysql客户端通过VIP连接，看是否连接成功。2)停止master这台mysql服务，是否能正常切换过去，可通过ip addr命令来查看VIP在哪台服务器上。
3)可通过查看/var/log/messges日志，看出主备切换过程
4)master服务器故障恢复后，是否主动抢占资源，成为活动服务器。
注意：服务启动的顺序：先启动MySQL,后启动Keepalived。