java opc client 开源Utgard学习及踩坑
最近的项目中需要运用到opc client。需要从opc server中获取数据，或修改参数。主要运用的语言为java。
准备知识:opc server 协议
- OPC DA: Data Access协议，是最基本的OPC协议。OPC DA服务器本身不存储数据，只负责显示数据收集点的当前值。客户端可以设置一个refresh interval，定期刷新这个值。目前常见的协议版本号为2.0和3.0，两个协议不完全兼容。也就是用OPC DA 2.0协议的客户端连不上OPC DA 3.0的Server
- OPC HDA: Historical Data Access协议。前面说过DA只显示当前状态值，不存储数据。而HDA协议是由数据库提供，提供了历史数据访问的能力。比如价格昂贵的Historian数据库，就是提供HDA协议接口访问OPC的历史数据。HDA的Java客户端目前我没找到免费的。
- OPC UA: Unified Architecture统一架构协议。诞生于2008年，摒弃了前面老的OPC协议繁杂，互不兼容等劣势，并且不再需要
COM口访问，大大简化了编程的难度。基于OPC UA的开源客户端非常多。不过由于诞生时间较晚，目前在国内工业上未大规模应用，并且这个协议本身就跟旧的DA协议不兼容，客户端没法通用。
com：Component Object Model对象组件模型，是微软定义的一套软件的二进制接口，可以实现跨编程语言的进程间通信，进而实现复用。
dcom：
Microsoft Distributed Component Object Model，网络传输数据的COM协议，客户端也可以通过互联网分布在各个角落。
然后准备开工，一番查找后，发现存在两个开源类库
1.JEasyOPC Client
2.Utgard
JEasy是java调用动态连接库，底层用的是jni，dll库比较老。
Utgard则是纯java编写，就是不支持opc 3.0协议。
JEasy在调用的时候，jni总是报错，无力解决。
最终使用了Utgard的库，在其官网上学习使用方法http://openscada.org/projects/utgard/，最终还是跑起来了，其中opc服务端的配置，一般工程人员会配置好，不需要操心dcom配置之类的问题。最终项目是maven配置完成。最终运行的时候，发现一个group死活发现不了，跟我说是新增加的，但是opc 服务端却没有重新配置，导致无法发现，最后还是研究了手册，自己手动配置完成了。
关键API示例
- 列举某Server下的所有OPC连接
ServerList serverList = new ServerList("10.1.5.123", "freud",
"password", "");
Collection classDetails = serverList
.listServersWithDetails(new Category[] {
Categories.OPCDAServer10, Categories.OPCDAServer20,
Categories.OPCDAServer30 }, new Category[] {});
for (ClassDetails cds : classDetails) {
System.out.println(cds.getProgId() + "=" + cds.getDescription());
} - 列举连接下的所有Group和Item
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionInformation ci = new ConnectionInformation();
ci.setHost("10.1.5.123");
ci.setDomain("");
ci.setUser("freud");
ci.setPassword("password");
ci.setClsid("F8582CF2-88FB-11D0-B850-00C0F0104305");
Server server = new Server(ci, Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor());
server.connect();
dumpTree(server.getTreeBrowser().browse(), 0);
dumpFlat(server.getFlatBrowser());
server.disconnect();
}
private static void dumpFlat(final FlatBrowser browser)
throws IllegalArgumentException, UnknownHostException, JIException {
for (String name : browser.browse()) {
System.out.println(name);
}
}
private static void dumpTree(final Branch branch, final int level) {
for (final Leaf leaf : branch.getLeaves()) {
dumpLeaf(leaf, level);
}
for (final Branch subBranch : branch.getBranches()) {
dumpBranch(subBranch, level);
dumpTree(subBranch, level + 1);
}
}
private static String printTab(int level) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < level; i++) {
sb.append("\t");
}
return sb.toString();
}
private static void dumpLeaf(final Leaf leaf, final int level) {
System.out.println(printTab(level) + "Leaf: " + leaf.getName() + ":"
+ leaf.getItemId());
}
private static void dumpBranch(final Branch branch, final int level) {
System.out.println(printTab(level) + "Branch: " + branch.getName());
}- Item的同步查询
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionInformation ci = new ConnectionInformation();
ci.setHost("10.1.5.123");
ci.setDomain("");
ci.setUser("freud");
ci.setPassword("password");
ci.setClsid("F8582CF2-88FB-11D0-B850-00C0F0104305");
Server server = new Server(ci,
Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor());
server.connect();
Group group = server.addGroup();
Item item = group.addItem("Random.Real5");
Map items = group.addItems("Random.Real1",
"Random.Real2", "Random.Real3", "Random.Real4");
dumpItem(item);
for (Entry temp : items.entrySet()) {
dumpItem(temp.getValue());
}
server.dispose();
}
private static void dumpItem(Item item) throws JIException {
System.out.println("[" + (++count) + "],ItemName:[" + item.getId()
+ "],value:" + item.read(false).getValue());
}
private static int count; - Item的异步查询
private static final int PERIOD = 100;
private static final int SLEEP = 2000;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionInformation ci = new ConnectionInformation();
ci.setHost("10.1.5.123");
ci.setDomain("");
ci.setUser("freud");
ci.setPassword("password");
ci.setClsid("F8582CF2-88FB-11D0-B850-00C0F0104305");
Server server = new Server(ci,
Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor());
server.connect();
AccessBase access = new SyncAccess(server, PERIOD);
access.addItem("Random.Real5", new DataCallback() {
private int i;
public void changed(Item item, ItemState itemstate) {
System.out.println("[" + (++i) + "],ItemName:[" + item.getId()
+ "],value:" + itemstate.getValue());
}
});
access.bind();
Thread.sleep(SLEEP);
access.unbind();
server.dispose();
}- Item的发布订阅查询
private static final int PERIOD = 100;
private static final int SLEEP = 2000;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionInformation ci = new ConnectionInformation();
ci.setHost("10.1.5.123");
ci.setDomain("");
ci.setUser("freud");
ci.setPassword("password");
ci.setClsid("F8582CF2-88FB-11D0-B850-00C0F0104305");
Server server = new Server(ci,
Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor());
server.connect();
AccessBase access = new Async20Access(server, PERIOD, false);
access.addItem("Random.Real5", new DataCallback() {
private int count;
public void changed(Item item, ItemState itemstate) {
System.out.println("[" + (++count) + "],ItemName:["
+ item.getId() + "],value:" + itemstate.getValue());
}
});
access.bind();
Thread.sleep(SLEEP);
access.unbind();
server.dispose();
}- 自动重连Item异步读取
private static final int PERIOD = 100;
private static final int SLEEP = 2000;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionInformation ci = new ConnectionInformation();
ci.setHost("10.1.5.123");
ci.setDomain("");
ci.setUser("freud");
ci.setPassword("password");
ci.setClsid("F8582CF2-88FB-11D0-B850-00C0F0104305");
Server server = new Server(ci,
Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor());
AutoReconnectController controller = new AutoReconnectController(server);
controller.connect();
AccessBase access = new SyncAccess(server, PERIOD);
access.addItem("Random.Real5", new DataCallback() {
private int i;
public void changed(Item item, ItemState itemstate) {
System.out.println("[" + (++i) + "],ItemName:[" + item.getId()
+ "],value:" + itemstate.getValue());
}
});
access.bind();
Thread.sleep(SLEEP);
access.unbind();
controller.disconnect();
}- Item同步写入
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionInformation ci = new ConnectionInformation();
ci.setHost("10.1.5.123");
ci.setDomain("");
ci.setUser("freud");
ci.setPassword("password");
ci.setClsid("F8582CF2-88FB-11D0-B850-00C0F0104305");
Server server = new Server(ci,
Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor());
server.connect();
Group group = server.addGroup();
Item item = group.addItem("Square Waves.Real4");
final Float[] integerData = new Float[] { 1202f, 1203f, 1204f };
final JIArray array = new JIArray(integerData, false);
final JIVariant value = new JIVariant(array);
item.write(value);
Thread.sleep(2000);
dumpItem(item);
server.dispose();
}
private static void dumpItem(Item item) throws JIException {
System.out.println("[" + (++count) + "],ItemName:[" + item.getId()
+ "],value:" + item.read(true).getValue());
}
private static int count;- Item异步写入
参考资料
Matrikon官网: http://www.matrikonopc.cn/downloads/drivers-index.aspx