左连接右连接

对于外连接:
Oracle中可以使用“(+) ”来表示,9i可以使用LEFT/RIGHT/FULL OUTER JOIN 

LEFT OUTER JOIN:左外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
LEFT OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
等价于
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e, departments d
WHERE e.department_id=d.department_id(+)
结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有对应部门编号department_id的员工记录。 

RIGHT OUTER JOIN:右外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
RIGHT OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
等价于
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e, departments d
WHERE e.department_id(+)=d.department_id
结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有任何员工的部门记录

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