C# Excel与数据库的互操作

C#操作excel(多种方法比较)

我们在做excel资料的时候，通常有以下方法。

一.导入导出excel常用方法：

1.用查询表的方式查询并show在数据集控件上。

代码

public static string strCon = " Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source =C:\\08.xls;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";

public static DataSet ds;

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strCon);

string sql = "select * from [Sheet1$]";

conn.Open();

OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, strCon);

ds = new DataSet();

myCommand.Fill(ds, "[Sheet1$]");

conn.Close();

datagrid1.DataMember = "[Sheet1$]";

datagrid1.DataSource = ds;

datagrid1.DataBind();

//Excel.Application excel = new Excel.Application();

//excel.Application.Workbooks.Add(true);

//excel.Visible = true;

}

2.一个一个单元格的进行插入

代码

string str = @"Data Source=IT-428E4EA4B0C7\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=TestBase;Integrated Security=True";

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(str);

conn.Open();

int n = 0;

for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++)

{

if (n > 3)

break;

else

if (msheet.Cells.get_Range("A" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString() == "" && n <= 3)

{ n++; }

else

{

//循环获取excel单元格的值一次一次的插入，excuteSql为执行的存储过程

excuteSql(msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),

msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 1), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),

msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 2), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),

conn);

i = i + 3;

}

}

conn.Close();

二快速导入导出

1.我们都知道当向db里批量插入数据的时候我们会选择SqlBulkCopy

if (dataTable!=null && dataTable.Rows.Count!=0)

{

sqlBulkCopy.WriteToServer(dataTable);

}

这个可以看 深山老林新发的一篇SQLServer中批量插入数据方式的性能对比下面是SqlBulkCopy的方法，这个方法有一个弊端就是当excel某一列即有文字，还有日期的时候，会出现null值，我在网上查了一些资料说连接字串加上;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'的时候会都当做字符处理，但是还是会出现一些bug，所以建议最好先把excel数据分析到datatable里然后再用SqlBulkCopy倒入数据库

代码// block copy to DB from Excel        //By xijun,        //step 1 create an excel file  C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\test.xls , fill cell(1,1) with "Data",cell(1,2) with "name"        //step 2 create table named "Data" with 2 column ("data","name") in your DB        //there the code below:        DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now;        Response.Write("

start time:" + t1.ToString());        string ExcelFile = @"C:\\20090916_Hub_Report.xls";        string excelConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'";        using (OleDbConnection excelConnection = new OleDbConnection(excelConnectionString))        {            excelConnection.Open();            //Getting source data            //非空讀入數據            OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand("Select [Region],[CustomerPN],[RMA],[Date],[QTY],[Return/Pull] FROM [20090916_Hub_Report$]  ", excelConnection);            // Initialize SqlBulkCopy object            using (OleDbDataReader dr = command.ExecuteReader())            {                // Copy data to destination                string sqlConnectionString = @"Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Integrated Security=True";                using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(sqlConnectionString))                {                    bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "GDS_Hub_data";                    //加入只加入一個列的話,那么就會其他數據庫列都默認為空。                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Region", "region");                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("CustomerPN", "customer_item_number");                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("RMA", "Rma");                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Date", "date");                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("QTY", "Qty_1");                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Return/Pull", "return_pull");                    //bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数                    //bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数                    bulkCopy.BatchSize = 100;                    bulkCopy.NotifyAfter = 100;                    bulkCopy.WriteToServer((IDataReader)dr);                                    }            }            //Closing connection            excelConnection.Close();        }        DateTime t2 = DateTime.Now;        Response.Write("

End time:" + t2.ToString());        Response.Write("

use time:" + ((TimeSpan)(t2 - t1)).Milliseconds.ToString() + " Milliseconds");        Response.Write("

inser record count :3307");

2.快速导出db的数据到excel

这种方法就是利用

Excel.QueryTables

Excel.QueryTable

Querytable把数据快速导入excel里。我们在做复杂报表的时候，这个用的是比较多了，但是单单会这个没有用，它只是快速的把db里的数据放放到excel里，

在做大量数据而且需要设定excel样式的时候我们会选择先用这种方法把数据导入excel一个临时sheet，再利sheet复制，sheet移动，和一些excel样式设定，以及

excel一个强大的自动填充的功能，那么这些就可以让我们快速的做出花样多试的excel报表，当然这个要求我们比较熟练office的操作，包括宏的操作。

代码

public string query_table_getdata(string sourpath)

{

string str_path = sourpath.Substring(0, sourpath.Length - 22);

str_path = str_path + "basic.xls";

Excel.QueryTables m_objQryTables = null;

Excel.QueryTable m_objQryTable = null;

Excel.Application m_objExcel = null;

Excel.Workbooks m_objBooks = null;

Excel.Workbook m_objBook = null;

Excel.Sheets m_objSheets = null;

Excel.Worksheet m_objSheet = null;

Excel.Range m_objRange = null;

m_objExcel = new Excel.Application();

//try

//{

m_objBooks = m_objExcel.Workbooks;

m_objBooks.Open(sourpath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,

Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

m_objBook = (Excel.Workbook)m_objBooks.get_Item(1);

m_objSheets = (Excel.Sheets)m_objBook.Worksheets;

m_objSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)m_objSheets.get_Item(1);

m_objRange = m_objSheet.get_Range("A2", Type.Missing);

m_objQryTables = m_objSheet.QueryTables;

string sqlstr = "SELECT [day01],[day02],[day03],[day04],[day05],[day06],[day07],[day08],[day09],[day10],[day11],[day12],[day13],[day14]";

sqlstr += ",[week01] ,[week02],[week03],[week04],[week05],[week06],[week07],[week08],[week09],[week10],[week11],[week12],[week13],[week14]";

sqlstr += ",[week15],[week16],[week17],[week18],[week19],[week20],[week21],[week22],[week23],[week24]";

sqlstr += " FROM [GDS_Service].[dbo].[GDS_Service_Report_Base] order by groupID ,id";

//可以放在配置文件里

string conn = @"Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;uid=xijun_ke;Password=12345678;                  Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Persist Security Info=False;";

m_objQryTable = (Excel.QueryTable)m_objQryTables.Add("OLEDB;" + conn, m_objRange, sqlstr);

m_objQryTable.RefreshStyle = Excel.XlCellInsertionMode.xlInsertEntireRows;

m_objQryTable.Refresh(false);

m_objBook.SaveAs(str_path, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

m_objBook.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

//}

//catch (Exception ee)

//{

//    mp.WriteLog(ee.ToString());

//}

//finally

//{

m_objExcel.Quit();

GC.Collect();

//}

return str_path;

}