原标题 A digital revolution in health care is speeding up 选自惊悸雪人breifing section
涉及邻域：西方卫生健康政策、数据化健康管理、人工智能机器学习、经济学
第一遍阅读时间：14分30秒
Part One 句法词汇
1. Last year Americans spent an amount equivalent to about 18% of GDP on health care.
equal VS equivalent
"equal" and "equivalent" are equivalent, but they're not equal. ^_^
Equal means the same thing, but equivalent means that one can frequently be substituted for the other.
# be equivalent to [something] 相当于某事物
2. In rich countries about one-fifth of spending on health care goes to waste, for example on wrong or unnecessary treatments.
3. One group comprises···
A second category is made up of···
The third group is ···
4. health insurer
a person or company that underwrites an insurance risk; the party in an insurance contract undertaking to pay compensation.
(company)保险公司 (person)承保人
5. put the patient at the center of their strategy
6. 本文涉及的主要对象:consumers, drug/pharma/ pharmaceutical firms, large hospitals, health insurers
digital health-care methods: telemedicine, predictive diagnostics, wearable sensors and a host of new apps/ telemedicine, predictive analytics and earlier diagnoses of illnesses
“traditional innovators’’pharmaceutical firms, hospitals and medical-technology companies
“incumbent players”, including health insurers, pharmacy-benefit managers (which buy drugs in bulk), and as single-payer health-care systems
technology“insurgents”, including entrepreneurs that are creating apps, predictive-diagnostics systems and new devices.
7. The sickest patients can be targeted by specialist services.
(select for special treatment in marketing)把…作为对象 ‹place, group, campaign›
# to be targeted at teenagers 以青少年为对象
# he has been targeted for early promotion 他被确定为提前晋升的人选
1 he was targeted by a gunman: pick out, single out, earmark, fix on; attack, aim at, fire at.
2 the product is targeted at a specific market: aim at, direct at, level at, intend for, focus on.
8. It claims to be able to reduce the use of emergency moms by a fifth.
# That enabled us to maintain our influence with them, but weakened our claim to be an honest broker with the Palestinians. 这让我国能保持对以色列的影响，但也削弱了我们美国声称是巴勒斯坦人的公正中间人的立场。
# I can claim to be a Christian, a follower of Christ. 我可以自称为一个基督徒，是跟随基督的人。
9. If the firm can devise an early test for breast cancer, demand for mammograms and the machines that take them would fall, along with the need for expensive drugs and spells in hospital.
10. stream and analyse live health data and deliver alerts on an app
stream
[ with obj. ] Computing transmit or receive (data, especially video and audio material) over the Internet as a steady, continuous flow.流播
# if you visit their website, you can stream the whole album.如果你浏览他们的网站，你可以通过流播在线收听整张唱片。
11. startup
the action or process of setting something in motion
# the start-up of marketing in Europe
[ count noun ] a newly established business
# problems facing start-ups and small firms in rural areas.
①Uncountable(setting up)启动
start-up money/expenses/time 启动资金/费用/时间
a start-up business 新创办的公司
②Countable(new business)新公司
an Internet start-up 刚成立的互联网公司
12. ER =emergency room
13. In emerging economies 新兴经济体, where regulations on health data are less onerous and where people often already expect to pay to see a doctor, there is faster growth and innovation.
14. To take one example = For example
15.查以下公司或app背景资料（明日完成）
GE Healthcare 一家美国医疗公司和医疗设备制造商
Medtronic a medical device company headquartered in Dublin
the world's largest standalone medical technology development company
UnitedHealthcare an American managed health care company based in Minnesota
Onduo a joint venture to research diabetes treatments
NHS National Health Service 英国国家医疗服务体系
GP general practitioner 家庭医生（社区医生） residence-based healthcare system 以社区为基础的医疗系统
Babylon Health an app
Ping An Good Doctor 平安好医生 an Onling-to-office healthcare servicing platform backed by Ping An Insurance
Chunyu Yisheng 春雨医生
Fitbit an American company known for its products of the same name,which are activity trackers, wireless-enabled wearable technology devices that messure data such as the number of steps walked, heart rate, quality of sleep, steps climbed, and other personal metrics测量 invoved in fitness.
unicorn 独角兽公司这是在投资领域的专有名词，就是估值达到10亿美元以上的初创企业。
16. a growing array of apps
array an impressive display or range of a particular type of thing
# there is a vast array of literature on the topic | a bewildering array of choices.
a huge array of cars: range, collection, selection, assortment, diversity, variety; arrangement, assemblage, lineup, formation; display, exhibition, exposition.
17. Amazon and Google are not the only giants to be stalking health care.
形象说法，偷偷接近，在···蔓延
move silently or threateningly through (a place)
# fear was stalking the camp 营地里笼罩着恐怖气氛
# stalk along the streets/through the area «killer»在街头/在该地区出没
a cat was stalking a rabbit: creep up on, trail, follow, shadow, track down, go after, be after, course, hunt; informal tail, still-hunt.
stalk in/out 昂首阔步走进来/出去
18. a sedentary lifestyle 久坐习惯 will exacerbate a heart condition
19 .spells in hospital
A spell of a particular type of weather or a particular activity is a short period of time during which this type of weather or activity occurs.指在医院里呆的一段时间。比如a spell of rain 阴雨连绵
20.Traditional innovators 为什么会受到冲击呢？就是因为他们的目的是赚钱，希望有更多的人生病，而新兴科技企业也是从为病患提供更优质的服务这个角度出发的。二者的出发点和面向的对象走着本质的差别。
21.The medical world places importance on informed consent（/data protection 知情同意）, so a clash of cultures seems unavoidable.
科技公司需要长期、大量利用消费者一系列健康信息，因此使人们产生了了对个人隐私安全性的担忧，所以了，作为公司来说，我要你长期使用你的数据提供给更好的服务，而作为我来说，我担心我的信息无法得到有力的安全保障，这种矛盾就会导致所谓的cultural clash。理解成观念或立场的矛盾更好。
医生对你的信息的保护是非常严格的，就算警察来了没有特别法庭令也调不出来，而技术公司对你的个人数据保护就不一定了。