Ｃ＋＋实现学生通讯录管理系统

学生通讯录管理系统

本人是一个在校大学生(2016年)，在读大二，最近做了一个Ｃ＋＋课程设计学生通讯录管理系统，以实现学生各种信息（学号，姓名，联系方式等）的录入加载保存修改删除等。欢迎大家交流指点技术。

学生通讯录管理系统课程设计报告（点击进入下载页）

• 使用Ｃ＋＋编写，简单通俗

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• 菜单栏

• ＵＭＬ图

源代码

两个类Ａｄｄｒｅｓｓｂｏｏｋ和ｐｅｒｓｏｎ

	#include 
	#include 
	#include 
	#include 
	using namespace std;
	int Enterflag=0;           //定义输入次数的全局变量

	class person
	{
	protected:
		int firstname;          //学号前缀
		int Num;                //学号
		char name[40];          //姓名
		char sex[10];			//性别
		int age;				//年龄
		char tel[20];           //电话
		char email[60];			//邮箱
		char postcode[10];		//邮编
		char IDnumber[30];		//身份证号
		person *mynext;         //下一个学生指针
	public:
		person();
		person(int pNum,int pfirstname,char pname[],char psex[],int page,char ptel[],char pemail[],char ppostcode[],char pIDnumber[]);
		person(int pNum,int pfirstname,char pname[],char psex[],int page,char ptel[],char pemail[],char ppostcode[],char pIDnumber[],person *next);
		int getfirstname();
		int getNum();
		char *getname();
		char *getsex();
		int getage();
		void getage(int ag);
		char *gettel();
		char *getemail();
		char *getpostcode();
		char *getIDnumber();
		person *getnext();
		void setnext(person *next);
		void output();
	};
	
	person::person()
	{
		Num=0;
		firstname=0;
		strcpy(name,"");
		strcpy(sex,"");
		age=0;
		strcpy(tel,"");
		strcpy(email,"");
		strcpy(postcode,"");
		strcpy(IDnumber,"");
		mynext=NULL;
	}
	person::person(int pNum,int pfirstname,char pname[],char psex[],int page,char ptel[],char pemail[],char ppostcode[],char pIDnumber[])
	{
		Num=pNum;
		firstname=pfirstname;
		strcpy(name,pname);
		strcpy(sex,psex);
		age=page;
		strcpy(tel,ptel);
		strcpy(email,pemail);
		strcpy(postcode,ppostcode);
		strcpy(IDnumber,pIDnumber);
		mynext=NULL;
		
	}
	person::person(int pNum,int pfirstname,char pname[],char psex[],int page,char ptel[],char pemail[],char ppostcode[],char pIDnumber[],person *next)
	{
		Num=pNum;
		firstname=pfirstname;
		strcpy(name,pname);
		strcpy(sex,psex);
		age=page;
		strcpy(tel,ptel);
		strcpy(email,pemail);
		strcpy(postcode,ppostcode);
		strcpy(IDnumber,pIDnumber);
		mynext=next;
	}
	int person::getNum()
	{
		return Num;
	}
	int person::getfirstname()
	{
		return firstname;
	}
	char *person::getname()
	{
		return name;
	}
	char *person::getsex()
	{
		return sex;
	}
	int person::getage()
	{
		return age;
	}
	void person::getage(int ag)
	{
		age=ag;
	}
	char *person::gettel()
	{
		return tel;
	}
	char *person::getemail()
	{
		return email;
	}
	char *person::getpostcode()
	{
		return postcode;
	}
	char *person::getIDnumber()
	{
		return IDnumber;
	}
	person *person::getnext()
	{
		return mynext;
	}
	void person::setnext(person *next)
	{
		mynext=next;
	} 
	void person::output()
	{
		cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
		cout<<setw(12)<<"学号"<<setw(20)<<"姓名"<<setw(9)<<"性别"<<setw(8)<<"年龄";
		cout<<setw(8)<<"电话"<<setw(22)<<"邮箱"<<setw(16)<<"邮编"<<setw(12)<<"身份证号"<<endl;
		cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
		cout<<setw(14)<<firstname<<setw(4)<<Num<<setw(15)<<name<<setw(7)<<sex<<setw(8)<<age;
		cout<<setw(13)<<tel<<setw(26)<<email<<setw(8)<<postcode<<setw(20)<<IDnumber<<endl;
		cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
	}
	class AddressBook
	{
	private:
		person *myfirst;			//指向联系人人员的指针
	public:
		AddressBook();
		AddressBook(int npNum,int firstname,char npname[],char npsex[],int npage,char nptel[],char npemail[],char nppostcode[],char npIDnumber[]);
		~AddressBook();
		
		void displayRecord();		//显示记录
		bool queryRecord();			//查询记录
		bool queryRecord(int firstname,int  fNum);
		//有参查询函数，学号查询
		void addRecord();			//添加或新建记录
		void input(int number,int firstname);     //键盘读入新成员信息、
		void insert(int npNum,int firstname,char npname[],char npsex[],int npage,char nptel[],char npemail[],char nppostcode[],char npIDnumber[]);
		//成员链表插入新成员信息
		bool update();	            //修改记录
		bool removeRecord();		//删除记录
		void saveRecords();			//保存记录
		void loadRecords();			//读取记录
		void clear();				//清空当前通讯录
	};
	
	AddressBook::AddressBook()
	{
		myfirst=NULL;
	}
	
	AddressBook::AddressBook(int npNum,int npfirstname,char npname[],char npsex[],int npage,char nptel[],char npemail[],char nppostcode[],char npIDnumber[])
	{
		myfirst=new person(npNum,npfirstname,npname,npsex,npage,nptel,npemail,nppostcode,npIDnumber);
	}
	AddressBook::~AddressBook()
	{
		person *next=myfirst,*temp;
		while(next!=NULL)
		{
			temp=next;
			next=next->getnext();
			delete temp;
		}
		myfirst=NULL;
	}
	//添加或新建记录
	void AddressBook::addRecord()
	{
		int tempnum,tempfirstname,number1,number2;
		char flag[5];
		person *per=myfirst;
		if(per==NULL)
		{
			cout<<"目前没有学生通讯录信息，请键盘输入添加(Y)或直接返回程序主菜单(N):";
			cin>>flag;
			while(1)
			{
				if(strcmp(flag,"Y\0")==0)
				{
					while(1)
					{
						cout<<"请输入学生的学号前缀：";
						cin>>tempfirstname;
						if(tempfirstname<0)
						{
							cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入!";
							continue;
						}
						break;
						
					}
					while(1)
					{
						cout<<"请输入学生的尾号后4位:";
						cin>>tempnum;
						if(tempnum<1000||tempnum>9999)
						{
							cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入!";
							continue;	
						}
						else
						{
							input(tempnum,tempfirstname);
							cout<<"是否继续添加(Y/N):";
							cin>>flag;
							if((strcmp(flag,"N\0")==0))
							return;	
							addRecord();
						}
					}
				}
				else if((strcmp(flag,"N\0")==0))
				{
					Enterflag=0;
					return;
				}
				else
				{
					cout<<"输入错误,请键盘输入添加(Y)或直接返回程序主菜单(N):";
					cin>>flag;
					continue;
				}	
			}
		}
		else
		{
			cout<<"目前已有的学生信息:"<<endl;
			displayRecord();
			cout<<"学号前缀是否与最后一个同学相同?(Y/N):";
			cin>>flag;
			while(1)
			{
				if(strcmp(flag,"N\0")==0)
				{
					while(strcmp(flag,"N\0")==0)
					{
						cout<<"请输入学生的学号前缀：";
						cin>>tempfirstname;
						if(tempfirstname<0)
						{
							cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入!";
							continue;
						}
						break;
						
					}
					while(strcmp(flag,"N\0")==0)
					{
						cout<<"请输入学生的尾号后4位:";
						cin>>tempnum;
						if(tempnum<1000||tempnum>9999)
						{
							cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入!";
							continue;	
						}
						input(tempnum,tempfirstname);
						break;		
					}
					break;
				}
				else if(strcmp(flag,"Y\0")==0)
				{
					while(strcmp(flag,"Y\0")==0)
					{
						cout<<"请输入学生的尾号后4位:";
						cin>>tempnum;
						if(tempnum<1000||tempnum>9999)
						{
							cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入!";
							continue;	
						}
						break;		
					}
					if(per->getnext()==NULL)
					{
						number1=per->getfirstname();
						input(tempnum,number1);
					}
					else
					{
						while(per->getnext()!=NULL)
							per=per->getnext();
						number2=per->getfirstname();
						input(tempnum,number2);
					}
				}
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	//显示记录
	void AddressBook::displayRecord()
	{
		person *head=myfirst;
		cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
		cout<<setw(12)<<"学号"<<setw(20)<<"姓名"<<setw(9)<<"性别"<<setw(8)<<"年龄";
		cout<<setw(8)<<"电话"<<setw(22)<<"邮箱"<<setw(16)<<"邮编"<<setw(12)<<"身份证号"<<endl;
		int i=0; 
		while(head!=NULL)
		{
			i++;
			cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
			cout<<setw(14)<<head->getfirstname()<<setw(4)<<head->getNum()<<setw(15)<<head->getname()<<setw(7)<<head->getsex()<<setw(8)<<head->getage();
			cout<<setw(13)<<head->gettel()<<setw(26)<<head->getemail()<<setw(8)<<head->getpostcode()<<setw(20)<<head->getIDnumber()<<endl;
			head=head->getnext();
		}
		cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
		cout<<"目前总共有"<<i<<"个学生数据"<<endl;
	}
	//清空当前通讯录
	void AddressBook::clear()
	{
		person *head=myfirst;
		person *fhead=head;
		ofstream fout("addressbook.txt",ios::trunc);
		while(head!=NULL)
		{
			fhead=head->getnext();
			delete head;
			head=fhead;
			
		}
		myfirst=NULL;
		fout.close();
		cout<<"数据清除完毕!\n";
	}
	
	//查询记录，有参，学号
	bool AddressBook::queryRecord(int stufirstid,int foNum)
	{
		person *head=myfirst;
		person *fhead=head;
		while(head!=NULL)
		{
	
			if(head->getfirstname()==stufirstid&&head->getNum()==foNum)
			{	
				head->output();
				return true;
			}
			else
			{
				fhead=head;
				head=head->getnext();
			}
		}
		return false;
	}
	//查询记录，无参
	bool AddressBook::queryRecord()
	{
		int stuid,stufirstid,k;
		char stustr[60];
		person *head=myfirst;
		person *fhead=head;
		while(1)
		{
			cout<<"请确定使用何种方法查找学生信息.\n1.姓名 2.学号:";
			cin>>k;
			if(k!=1&&k!=2)
			{	
				cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入!";
				continue;
			}
			switch(k)
			{
			case 1:
				{
					cout<<"请输入学生的姓名:";
					cin>>stustr;
					if(head==NULL)
					{
						cout<<"本校暂无学生信息!"<<endl;
						return false;
					}
					else
					{
						while(head!=NULL)
						{
							if(strcmp(head->getname(),stustr)==0)
							{
								head->output();
								if(head->getnext()==NULL)
								return true;
							}
								fhead=head;
								head=head->getnext();
						}
						cout<<"本校无此学生信息!"<<endl;
						return false;
					}
				}
				break;
			case 2:
				{
					cout<<"请输入学生的学号前缀:";
					cin>>stufirstid;
					cout<<"请输入学生的学号尾号后4位:";
					cin>>stuid;
					if(head==NULL)
					{
						cout<<"本校暂无学生信息!"<<endl;
						return false;
					}
					else
					{
						while(head!=NULL)
						{
							if(head->getfirstname()==stufirstid&&head->getNum()==stuid)
							{
								head->output();
								return true;
							}
							else
							{
								fhead=head;
								head=head->getnext();
							}
						}
						cout<<"本校无此学生信息!"<<endl;
						return false;
					}
				}
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	//键盘读入新成员信息、
	void AddressBook::input(int number,int firstname)
	{
		int page;
		char pname[40],psex[10],ptel[20],pemail[60],ppostcode[10],pIDnumber[30];
		cout<<"请输入学号为"<<firstname<<number<<"的信息:"<<endl;
		cout<<"姓名:";
		cin>>pname;
		cout<<"性别:";
		cin>>psex;
		cout<<"年龄:";
		cin>>page;
		cout<<"电话号码:";
		cin>>ptel;
		cout<<"邮箱:";
		cin>>pemail;
		cout<<"邮编:";
		cin>>ppostcode;
		cout<<"身份证号:";
		cin>>pIDnumber;
		insert(number,firstname,pname,psex,page,ptel,pemail,ppostcode,pIDnumber);
	}
	//成员链表插入新成员信息
	void AddressBook::insert(int npNum,int npfirstname,char npname[],char npsex[],int npage,char nptel[],char npemail[],char nppostcode[],char npIDnumber[])
	{
		person *pers=myfirst;
		if(pers==NULL)
			myfirst=new person(npNum,npfirstname,npname,npsex,npage,nptel,npemail,nppostcode,npIDnumber);
		else
		{
			while(pers->getnext()!=NULL)
				pers=pers->getnext();
			pers->setnext(new person(npNum,npfirstname,npname,npsex,npage,nptel,npemail,nppostcode,npIDnumber,pers->getnext()));
		}
	}
	//修改记录
	bool AddressBook::update()
	{
		int number,number2;
		char flag[5];
		person *head=myfirst;
		person *fhead=head;
		cout<<"请输入要修改的学生学号前缀:";
		cin>>number;
		cout<<"请输入要修改的学生学号尾号后4位:";
		cin>>number2;
		if(head==NULL)
		{
			cout<<"本校目前没有学生!"<<endl;
			return false;
		}
		else 
			while(head!=NULL)
			{
				if(head->getfirstname()==number&&head->getNum()==number2)
				{
					cout<<"您要修改的学生信息如下:"<<endl;
					head->output();
					while(1)
					{
						int i;
						float newnumber;
						char newtxt[60];
						cout<<"请输入要修改的信息项，“.”提示输入:";
						cout<<"1.姓名 2.性别 3.年龄 4.电话 5.邮箱 6.邮编 7.身份证号\n";
						cout<<".";
						cin>>i;
						switch(i)
						{
						case 1:
							{
								cout<<"请输入学生姓名:\n";
								cout<<".";
								cin>>newtxt;
								strcpy(head->getname(),newtxt);
								queryRecord(number,number2);
							}
							break;
						case 2:
							{
								cout<<"请输入学生性别:\n";
								cout<<".";
								cin>>newtxt;
								strcpy(head->getsex(),newtxt);
								queryRecord(number,number2);
							}
							break;
						case 3:
							{
								cout<<"请输入学生年龄:\n";
								cout<<".";
								cin>>newnumber;
								head->getage(newnumber);
								queryRecord(number,number2);
							}
							break;
						case 4:
							{
								cout<<"请输入学生新的电话:\n";
								cout<<".";
								cin>>newtxt;
								strcpy(head->gettel(),newtxt);
								queryRecord(number,number2);
							}
							break;
						case 5:
							{
								cout<<"请输入学生新的邮箱:\n";
								cout<<".";
								cin>>newtxt;
								strcpy(head->getemail(),newtxt);
								queryRecord(number,number2);
							}
							break;
						case 6:
							{
								cout<<"请输入学生新的邮编:\n";
								cout<<".";
								cin>>newtxt;
								strcpy(head->getpostcode(),newtxt);
								queryRecord(number,number2);
							}
							break;
						case 7:
							{
								cout<<"请输入学生正确的身份证号:\n";
								cout<<".";
								cin>>newtxt;
								strcpy(head->getIDnumber(),newtxt);
								queryRecord(number,number2);
							}
							break;
						default:
							return false;
						}
						cout<<"是否继续修改(Y/N):";
						cin>>flag;
						if(strcmp(flag,"Y\0")==0)
							continue;
						else
						{
							return true;
						}
	
					}
					
				}
				else
				{
					head=head->getnext();
					fhead=head;
				}
			}
			cout<<"本校没有这样一个学生!"<<endl;
			return false;
	}
	//删除记录
	bool AddressBook::removeRecord()
	{
		int stuid,stufirstid;
		person *head=myfirst;
		person *fhead=head;
		cout<<"请输入学生的学号前缀:";
		cin>>stufirstid;
		cout<<"请输入学生的学号尾号后4位:";
		cin>>stuid;
		if(head==NULL)
		{
			cout<<"错误!无学生可以删除!"<<endl;
			return false;
		}
		else if(head->getfirstname()==stufirstid&&head->getNum()==stuid)
		{
			myfirst=myfirst->getnext();
			cout<<"学号为"<<stufirstid<<stuid<<"的学生被删除成功!"<<endl;
			delete head;
			return true;
		}
		else
		{
			head=head->getnext();
			while(head!=NULL)
			{
				if(head->getfirstname()==stufirstid&&head->getNum()==stuid)
				{
					fhead->setnext(head->getnext());
					cout<<"学号为"<<stufirstid<<stuid<<"的学生已被删除\n";
					delete head;
					return true;
				}
				fhead=head;
				head=head->getnext();
			}
			cout<<"要删除的学生不存在，无法删除!"<<endl;
			return false;
		}
	}
	//保存记录
	void AddressBook::saveRecords()
	{
		ofstream fout("addressbook.txt");
		person *pe=myfirst;
		while(pe)
		{
			fout<<pe->getfirstname()<<"\t"<<pe->getNum()<<"\t"<<pe->getname()<<"\t"<<pe->getsex()<<"\t"<<pe->getage()<<"\t"<<pe->gettel()<<"\t"<<pe->getemail()<<"\t"<<pe->getpostcode()<<"\t"<<pe->getIDnumber()<<"\n";
			pe=pe->getnext();
		}
		fout.close();
		cout<<"数据保存完毕!\n";	
	}
	//读取记录
	void AddressBook::loadRecords()
	{
		int Num,age,firstname;                //学号
		char name[40],sex[10],tel[20],email[60],postcode[10],IDnumber[30];
		ifstream fin("addressbook.txt");
		int i=0;
		while(fin>>firstname>>Num>>name>>sex>>age>>tel>>email>>postcode>>IDnumber)
		{
			insert(Num,firstname,name,sex,age,tel,email,postcode,IDnumber);
			i++;
		}
		if(i==0)
		{
			cout<<"加载失败,目前文档内没有数据!"<<endl;
			fin.close();
		}
		else
		{
			fin.close();
			cout<<"已成功加载"<<i<<"行数据"<<endl;
			displayRecord();
		}
		
	}
	

	void main()
	{
		AddressBook target;
		int i;
		system("color e");
		while(1)
		{
			cout<<"    =======================欢迎使用学生通讯录管理系统======================"<<endl;
			cout<<"    请输入一个数字选择操作项,以.提示输入，以回车符号结束：            　　     "<<endl;
			cout<<"    1.添加或新建学生的通讯联系方式信息。  addRecord()           　  　无参数!"<<endl;
			cout<<"    2.显示学生的通讯联系方式的记录。      displayRecord()        　  无参数!"<<endl;
			cout<<"    3.修改一个学生的通讯联系方式信息。    update()               　  无参数!"<<endl;
			cout<<"    4.删除一个学生的通讯联系方式信息。    removeRecord()          　 无参数!"<<endl;
			cout<<"    5.查询指定学生的通讯联系方式信息。    queryRecord()          　  无参数!"<<endl;
			cout<<"    6.加载文件中学生通讯联系方式信息。    loadRecords()           　 无参数!"<<endl;
			cout<<"    7.保存记录。                       saveRecords()           　 无参数!"<<endl;
			cout<<"    8.清除所有记录。                    clear()                 　 无参数!"<<endl;
			cout<<"    9.退出学生通讯录管理系统!            Exit()                   　无参数!"<<endl;
			cout<<"    ======================================================================="<<endl;
			cout<<".";
			cin>>i;
			if(i<1||i>9)
			{
				cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入!"<<endl;
				continue;
			}
			if(!(i==9||i==6||i==1)&&Enterflag==0)         // 如果第一次输入函数不是建立、打开或退出，则重新输入
			{
				cout<<"请先建立或者从文件载入一组联系方式信息!"<<endl;
				continue;
			}
			Enterflag=1;
			switch(i)
			{
			case 1: target.addRecord();
				break;
			case 2: target.displayRecord();
				break;
			case 3: target.update();
				break;
			case 4: target.removeRecord();
				break;
			case 5: target.queryRecord();
				break;
			case 6: target.loadRecords();
				break;
			case 7: target.saveRecords();
				break;
			case 8: target.clear();
				break;
			case 9:
				exit(1);
			}		
		}
	}