SpringBoot源码学习之路(十一、嵌入式Servlet容器的配置、切换和启动原理 )

嵌入式Servlet容器

SpringBoot默认使用Tomcat作为嵌入式的Servlet容器
SpringBoot源码学习之路(十一、嵌入式Servlet容器的配置、切换和启动原理 )_第1张图片

一、如何定制和修改Servlet容器的相关配置?

方式1、修改和server有关的配置(ServerProperties【也是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】);

#通用的Servlet容器设置
#server.xxx
#Tomcat的设置
#server.tomcat.xxx
#如:

server.port=8081
server.context-path=/crud
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8

方式2、编写一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer(嵌入式的Servlet容器的定制器),来修改Servlet容器的配置

@Bean  //一定要将这个定制器加入到容器中
public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){
    return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {

        //定制嵌入式的Servlet容器相关的规则
        @Override
        public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
            container.setPort(8083);
        }
    };
}

二、如何注册Servlet三大组件【Servlet、Filter、Listener】??

以前注册这些组件都是在web.xml中配置,由于SpringBoot默认是以jar包的方式启动嵌入式的Servlet容器来启动SpringBoot的web应用,没有web.xml文件。

注册三大组件用以下方式:

①、借助ServletRegistrationBean注册自定义Servlet组件;
自定义【MyServlet】:

public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
    //处理get请求
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req,resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.getWriter().write("Hello MyServlet");
    }
}

定义【ServletRegistrationBean】并放入容器中:

@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet(){
    ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet");
    return registrationBean;
}

②、借助FilterRegistrationBean注册自定义Filter组件;(自定义的MyFilter忽略)

@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
    FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
    registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
    registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
    return registrationBean;
}

③、借助ServletListenerRegistrationBean注册自定义Listener组件;(自定义的MyListener忽略)

@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){
    ServletListenerRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener());
    return registrationBean;
}

SpringBoot帮我们自动配置SpringMVC的时候,自动的注册SpringMVC的前端控制器;DIspatcherServlet;

在:DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration中:

@Bean(name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_REGISTRATION_BEAN_NAME)
@ConditionalOnBean(value = DispatcherServlet.class, name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)
public ServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(
      DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
   ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(
         dispatcherServlet, this.serverProperties.getServletMapping());
    //默认拦截: "/"  拦截所有请求;包静态资源,但是不拦截jsp请求;(" /* " 会拦截jsp)
    //可以通过server.servletPath来修改SpringMVC前端控制器默认拦截的请求路径

   registration.setName(DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME);
   registration.setLoadOnStartup(
         this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
   if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
      registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
   }
   return registration;
}

三、如何切换嵌入式的Servlet容器?(三种容器)

SpringBoot源码学习之路(十一、嵌入式Servlet容器的配置、切换和启动原理 )_第2张图片

Tomcat(默认使用)

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
   引入web模块默认就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat作为Servlet容器;
dependency>

如何切换Jetty


<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
   <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcatartifactId>
         <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
      exclusion>
   exclusions>
dependency>


<dependency>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jettyartifactId>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
dependency>

切换Undertow?(更支持高并发)


<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
   <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcatartifactId>
         <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
      exclusion>
   exclusions>
dependency>


<dependency>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertowartifactId>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
dependency>

四、嵌入式Servlet容器自动配置原理;

EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration:嵌入式的Servlet容器自动配置类

@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
//导入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar:Spring注解版;给容器中导入一些组件
//导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor:
//后置处理器:bean初始化前后(创建完对象,还没赋值赋值)执行初始化工作
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class })//判断当前是否引入了Tomcat依赖;默认有tomcat
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//判断当前容器没有用户自己定义EmbeddedServletContainerFactory:嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂;作用:创建嵌入式的Servlet容器
    public static class EmbeddedTomcat {

        @Bean
        public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
            return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        }

    }

    /**
     * Nested configuration if Jetty is being used.
     */
    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Server.class, Loader.class,
            WebAppContext.class })
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
    public static class EmbeddedJetty {

        @Bean
        public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
            return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        }

    }

    /**
     * Nested configuration if Undertow is being used.
     */
    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class })
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
    public static class EmbeddedUndertow {

        @Bean
        public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
            return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        }

    }

我们需要了解以下几个组件:
1)、EmbeddedServletContainerFactory(嵌入式Servlet容器工厂,用于获取嵌入式的Servlet容器)

public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory {

   EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
         ServletContextInitializer... initializers);

}

SpringBoot源码学习之路(十一、嵌入式Servlet容器的配置、切换和启动原理 )_第3张图片

2)、EmbeddedServletContainer:(嵌入式的Servlet容器,用于运行应用)
这里写图片描述

3)、分析下*TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory嵌入式Tomcat的容器工厂*

@Override
public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
      ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
    //创建一个Tomcat
   Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();

    //配置Tomcat
   File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory
         : createTempDir("tomcat"));
   tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
   Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
   tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
   customizeConnector(connector);
   tomcat.setConnector(connector);
   tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
   configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
   for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
      tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
   }
   prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);

    //将配置好的Tomcat传入进去,返回一个EmbeddedServletContainer,并且启动Tomcat服务器
   return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
}

4)、我们对嵌入式容器的配置修改是怎么生效?
其原理是因为EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer(嵌入式容器定制器):帮我们修改了Servlet容器的配置。
分析容器中导入的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor组件。

//初始化之前
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
      throws BeansException {
    //如果当前初始化的是一个ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer类型的组件
   if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
       //
      postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
   }
   return bean;
}

private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
            ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
    //获取所有的定制器,调用每一个定制器的customize方法来给Servlet容器进行属性赋值;
    for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
        customizer.customize(bean);
    }
}

private Collection getCustomizers() {
    if (this.customizers == null) {
        // Look up does not include the parent context
        this.customizers = new ArrayList(
            this.beanFactory
            //从容器中获取所有这些类型的组件:EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
            //定制Servlet容器,给容器中可以添加一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer类型的组件
            .getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class, false, false).values());
        Collections.sort(this.customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
        this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers);
    }
    return this.customizers;
}
//ServerProperties也是定制器;

由以上源码总结得出:
①、SpringBoot根据导入的依赖情况,给容器中添加相应的EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】

②、容器中某个组件要创建对象就会惊动后置处理器;EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor;

只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂,后置处理器就工作;

③、后置处理器,从容器中获取所有的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,调用定制器的定制方法


五、嵌入式Servlet容器启动原理

什么时候创建嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂?什么时候获取嵌入式的Servlet容器并启动Tomcat?

获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂流程分析:
**1)、**SpringBoot应用启动运行run方法

2)、**refreshContext(context):SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【创建IOC容器对象,并初始化容器,创建容器中的每一个组件】;如果是web应用创建**AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext,否则:AnnotationConfigApplicationContext

3)、*refresh(context);刷新刚才创建好的ioc容器;*(源码如下)

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
   synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
      // Prepare this context for refreshing.
      prepareRefresh();

      // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

      // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
      prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

      try {
         // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
         postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

         // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
         invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

         // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
         registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

         // Initialize message source for this context.
         initMessageSource();

         // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
         initApplicationEventMulticaster();

         // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
         onRefresh();

         // Check for listener beans and register them.
         registerListeners();

         // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
         finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

         // Last step: publish corresponding event.
         finishRefresh();
      }

      catch (BeansException ex) {
         if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
            logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                  "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
         }

         // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
         destroyBeans();

         // Reset 'active' flag.
         cancelRefresh(ex);

         // Propagate exception to caller.
         throw ex;
      }

      finally {
         // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
         // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
         resetCommonCaches();
      }
   }
}

4)、 onRefresh(); web的ioc容器重写了onRefresh方法;
5)、**webioc容器会创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;**createEmbeddedServletContainer();
6)、获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
从ioc容器中获取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 组件;TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory创建对象,后置处理器一看是这个对象,就获取所有的定制器来先定制Servlet容器的相关配置;
7)、使用容器工厂获取嵌入式的Servlet容器
this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory .getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());
8)、嵌入式的Servlet容器创建对象并启动Servlet容器;

IOC容器启动创建嵌入式的Servlet容器,再启动嵌入式的Servlet容器,再将ioc容器中剩下没有创建出的对象获取出来;

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