CentOS下免费开启https
参考博客：
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000017436129
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000017008338
https://blog.csdn.net/u012486840/article/details/52610320
PS：免费签名平台Let's Encrypt，其他系统或其他服务类型可前往Certbot查看相应部署方法。
1、安装nginx
添加nginx到yum源
sudo rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm安装nginx
sudo yum install -y nginx2、自动配置https
运行以下代码来开启选项通道（optional channel）：
$ yum -y install yum-utils
$ yum-config-manager --enable rhui-REGION-rhel-server-extras rhui-REGION-rhel-> server-optional开启选项通道后运行下面代码安装Certbot：
$ sudo yum install python2-certbot-nginx给Certbot安装Nginx插件：
$ sudo certbot --nginx运行上面命令会自动为你获取证书，并且Certbot会自动配置你的Nginx以提供服务。如果你想要手动修改Nginx配置可以使用certonly子命令：
$ sudo certbot --nginx certonly执行自动配置命令后命令行输出下文：
# sudo certbot --nginx
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
Plugins selected: Authenticator nginx, Installer nginx
Enter email address (used for urgent renewal and security notices) (Enter 'c' to
cancel): [email protected]
提示你输入接收紧急更新和安全提示的邮箱，
输入邮箱键入回车进入下一步（输入'c'并回车放弃设置该邮箱）。
Starting new HTTPS connection (1): acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org
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Please read the Terms of Service at
https://letsencrypt.org/documents/LE-SA-v1.2-November-15-2017.pdf. You must
agree in order to register with the ACME server at
https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
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(A)gree/(C)ancel: a
要求阅读协议，输入A同意该协议并继续。
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Would you be willing to share your email address with the Electronic Frontier
Foundation, a founding partner of the Let's Encrypt project and the non-profit
organization that develops Certbot? We'd like to send you email about our work
encrypting the web, EFF news, campaigns, and ways to support digital freedom.
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(Y)es/(N)o: n
询问邮箱是否接受广告，输入N拒绝并继续。
No names were found in your configuration files. Please enter in your domain
name(s) (comma and/or space separated) (Enter 'c' to cancel): hahahha.com
输入你的域名（例如：example.me）并继续。
Obtaining a new certificate
Performing the following challenges:
http-01 challenge for zhuxiaofang.com
Using default address 80 for authentication.
nginx: [error] invalid PID number "" in "/var/run/nginx.pid"
Waiting for verification...
Cleaning up challenges
Resetting dropped connection: acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org
Could not automatically find a matching server block for hahahaha.com. Set the `server_name` directive to use the Nginx installer.
IMPORTANT NOTES:
- Unable to install the certificate
- Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:
/etc/letsencrypt/live/hahahaha.com/fullchain.pem
Your key file has been saved at:
/etc/letsencrypt/live/hahahaha.com/privkey.pem
Your cert will expire on 2019-07-07. To obtain a new or tweaked
version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot again
with the "certonly" option. To non-interactively renew *all* of
your certificates, run "certbot renew"
- Your account credentials have been saved in your Certbot
configuration directory at /etc/letsencrypt. You should make a
secure backup of this folder now. This configuration directory will
also contain certificates and private keys obtained by Certbot so
making regular backups of this folder is ideal.
这里出现了一个错误，大致意思是：证书已成功申请保存了，但是找不到我的域名对应的服务器模块，需要我去nginx中配置server_name。
编辑nginx的配置文件/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
vim default.confserver {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
server_name hahaha.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
"default.conf" 46L, 1127C written 尝试重新配置
sudo certbot --nginx
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
Plugins selected: Authenticator nginx, Installer nginx
Starting new HTTPS connection (1): acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org
Which names would you like to activate HTTPS for?
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1: hahaha.com
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Select the appropriate numbers separated by commas and/or spaces, or leave input
blank to select all options shown (Enter 'c' to cancel): 1
在nginx中配置完域名后，这里选择我们刚配置的域名。
Cert not yet due for renewal
You have an existing certificate that has exactly the same domains or certificate name you requested and isn't close to expiry.
(ref: /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/zhuxiaofang.com.conf)
What would you like to do?
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1: Attempt to reinstall this existing certificate
2: Renew & replace the cert (limit ~5 per 7 days)
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Select the appropriate number [1-2] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel): 1
1表示重新安装之前申请的证书，2表示重新申请，一周限制5次
Keeping the existing certificate
Deploying Certificate to VirtualHost /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
Please choose whether or not to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS, removing HTTP access.
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1: No redirect - Make no further changes to the webserver configuration.
2: Redirect - Make all requests redirect to secure HTTPS access. Choose this for
new sites, or if you're confident your site works on HTTPS. You can undo this
change by editing your web server's configuration.
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Select the appropriate number [1-2] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel): 2
选择是否将http请求重定向至https，输入1不改变当前服务器配置（不重定向），输入2将自动配置所有http请求的重定向。
既然我们要开启https服务就输入2并继续。
Redirecting all traffic on port 80 to ssl in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
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Congratulations! You have successfully enabled https://zhuxiaofang.com
You should test your configuration at:
https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=zhuxiaofang.com
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IMPORTANT NOTES:
- Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:
/etc/letsencrypt/live/zhuxiaofang.com/fullchain.pem
Your key file has been saved at:
/etc/letsencrypt/live/zhuxiaofang.com/privkey.pem
Your cert will expire on 2019-07-07. To obtain a new or tweaked
version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot again
with the "certonly" option. To non-interactively renew *all* of
your certificates, run "certbot renew"
- If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:
Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt: https://letsencrypt.org/donate
Donating to EFF: https://eff.org/donate-le
配置成功，将域名换上https请求
由于Let's Encrypt这个证书90天后就过期了，可以使用cron做一个定时任务。执行crontab -e后会进入个文件输入0 0 19 * * ./path/to/certbot-auto renew
表示每月19号执行一次。crontab -e的五个参数分别代表，分钟、小时、天、月、周。
# crontab -e
*/1 * * * * /usr/local/qcloud/stargate/admin/start.sh > /dev/null 2>&1 &
0 0 * * * /usr/local/qcloud/YunJing/YDCrontab.sh > /dev/null 2>&1 &
0 0 8 * * ./path/to/certbot-auto renew
~
~
"/tmp/crontab.EsbVZR" 3L, 180C written
crontab: installing new crontab
3、利用nginx反向代理访问tomcat项目
因为nginx使用了80端口，所有原本的tomcat端口需要改为8080，而8080是无法使用https。所以需要使用nginx代理443端口（https默认端口443），转发请求到8080端口。
编辑nginx配置文件
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf修改监听443端口的server代码段 ，注释原本的localhost代码段替换成下面的
server {
server_name hahaha.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
#location / {
# root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#}
location / {
proxy_pass http://hahaha.com:8080;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hahaha.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/hahaha.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot
}
在nginx目录下执行下面代码重启nginx即可。
nginx -s reload