PHP使用谷歌令牌做登录验证

来自：https://blog.lmlyz.online/index/detail/id/55.html
1、下载PHP版的GoogleAuthenticator，代码如下，可新建文件googleAuthenticator.php然后复制粘贴进去

class PHPGangsta_GoogleAuthenticator
{
protected $_codeLength = 6;

/**
 * Create new secret.
 * 16 characters, randomly chosen from the allowed base32 characters.
 *
 * @param int $secretLength
 *
 * @return string
 */
public function createSecret($secretLength = 16)
{
    $validChars = $this->_getBase32LookupTable();

    // Valid secret lengths are 80 to 640 bits
    if ($secretLength < 16 || $secretLength > 128) {
        throw new Exception('Bad secret length');
    }
    $secret = '';
    $rnd = false;
    if (function_exists('random_bytes')) {
        $rnd = random_bytes($secretLength);
    } elseif (function_exists('mcrypt_create_iv')) {
        $rnd = mcrypt_create_iv($secretLength, MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM);
    } elseif (function_exists('openssl_random_pseudo_bytes')) {
        $rnd = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($secretLength, $cryptoStrong);
        if (!$cryptoStrong) {
            $rnd = false;
        }
    }
    if ($rnd !== false) {
        for ($i = 0; $i < $secretLength; ++$i) {
            $secret .= $validChars[ord($rnd[$i]) & 31];
        }
    } else {
        throw new Exception('No source of secure random');
    }

    return $secret;
}

/**
 * Calculate the code, with given secret and point in time.
 *
 * @param string   $secret
 * @param int|null $timeSlice
 *
 * @return string
 */
public function getCode($secret, $timeSlice = null)
{
    if ($timeSlice === null) {
        $timeSlice = floor(time() / 30);
    }

    $secretkey = $this->_base32Decode($secret);

    // Pack time into binary string
    $time = chr(0).chr(0).chr(0).chr(0).pack('N*', $timeSlice);
    // Hash it with users secret key
    $hm = hash_hmac('SHA1', $time, $secretkey, true);
    // Use last nipple of result as index/offset
    $offset = ord(substr($hm, -1)) & 0x0F;
    // grab 4 bytes of the result
    $hashpart = substr($hm, $offset, 4);

    // Unpak binary value
    $value = unpack('N', $hashpart);
    $value = $value[1];
    // Only 32 bits
    $value = $value & 0x7FFFFFFF;

    $modulo = pow(10, $this->_codeLength);

    return str_pad($value % $modulo, $this->_codeLength, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
}

/**
 * Get QR-Code URL for image, from google charts.
 *
 * @param string $name
 * @param string $secret
 * @param string $title
 * @param array  $params
 *
 * @return string
 */
public function getQRCodeGoogleUrl($name, $secret, $title = null, $params = array())
{
    $width = !empty($params['width']) && (int) $params['width'] > 0 ? (int) $params['width'] : 200;
    $height = !empty($params['height']) && (int) $params['height'] > 0 ? (int) $params['height'] : 200;
    $level = !empty($params['level']) && array_search($params['level'], array('L', 'M', 'Q', 'H')) !== false ? $params['level'] : 'M';

    $urlencoded = urlencode('otpauth://totp/'.$name.'?secret='.$secret.'');
    if (isset($title)) {
        $urlencoded .= urlencode('&issuer='.urlencode($title));
    }

    return 'https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?chs='.$width.'x'.$height.'&chld='.$level.'|0&cht=qr&chl='.$urlencoded.'';
}

/**
 * Check if the code is correct. This will accept codes starting from $discrepancy*30sec ago to $discrepancy*30sec from now.
 *
 * @param string   $secret
 * @param string   $code
 * @param int      $discrepancy      This is the allowed time drift in 30 second units (8 means 4 minutes before or after)
 * @param int|null $currentTimeSlice time slice if we want use other that time()
 *
 * @return bool
 */
public function verifyCode($secret, $code, $discrepancy = 1, $currentTimeSlice = null)
{
    if ($currentTimeSlice === null) {
        $currentTimeSlice = floor(time() / 30);
    }

    if (strlen($code) != 6) {
        return false;
    }

    for ($i = -$discrepancy; $i <= $discrepancy; ++$i) {
        $calculatedCode = $this->getCode($secret, $currentTimeSlice + $i);
        if ($this->timingSafeEquals($calculatedCode, $code)) {
            return true;
        }
    }

    return false;
}

/**
 * Set the code length, should be >=6.
 *
 * @param int $length
 *
 * @return PHPGangsta_GoogleAuthenticator
 */
public function setCodeLength($length)
{
    $this->_codeLength = $length;

    return $this;
}

/**
 * Helper class to decode base32.
 *
 * @param $secret
 *
 * @return bool|string
 */
protected function _base32Decode($secret)
{
    if (empty($secret)) {
        return '';
    }

    $base32chars = $this->_getBase32LookupTable();
    $base32charsFlipped = array_flip($base32chars);

    $paddingCharCount = substr_count($secret, $base32chars[32]);
    $allowedValues = array(6, 4, 3, 1, 0);
    if (!in_array($paddingCharCount, $allowedValues)) {
        return false;
    }
    for ($i = 0; $i < 4; ++$i) {
        if ($paddingCharCount == $allowedValues[$i] &&
            substr($secret, -($allowedValues[$i])) != str_repeat($base32chars[32], $allowedValues[$i])) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    $secret = str_replace('=', '', $secret);
    $secret = str_split($secret);
    $binaryString = '';
    for ($i = 0; $i < count($secret); $i = $i + 8) {
        $x = '';
        if (!in_array($secret[$i], $base32chars)) {
            return false;
        }
        for ($j = 0; $j < 8; ++$j) {
            $x .= str_pad(base_convert(@$base32charsFlipped[@$secret[$i + $j]], 10, 2), 5, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
        }
        $eightBits = str_split($x, 8);
        for ($z = 0; $z < count($eightBits); ++$z) {
            $binaryString .= (($y = chr(base_convert($eightBits[$z], 2, 10))) || ord($y) == 48) ? $y : '';
        }
    }

    return $binaryString;
}

/**
 * Get array with all 32 characters for decoding from/encoding to base32.
 *
 * @return array
 */
protected function _getBase32LookupTable()
{
    return array(
        'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', //  7
        'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', // 15
        'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', // 23
        'Y', 'Z', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', // 31
        '=',  // padding char
    );
}

/**
 * A timing safe equals comparison
 * more info here: http://blog.ircmaxell.com/2014/11/its-all-about-time.html.
 *
 * @param string $safeString The internal (safe) value to be checked
 * @param string $userString The user submitted (unsafe) value
 *
 * @return bool True if the two strings are identical
 */
private function timingSafeEquals($safeString, $userString)
{
    if (function_exists('hash_equals')) {
        return hash_equals($safeString, $userString);
    }
    $safeLen = strlen($safeString);
    $userLen = strlen($userString);

    if ($userLen != $safeLen) {
        return false;
    }

    $result = 0;

    for ($i = 0; $i < $userLen; ++$i) {
        $result |= (ord($safeString[$i]) ^ ord($userString[$i]));
    }

    // They are only identical strings if $result is exactly 0...
    return $result === 0;
}

}

2、新建文件googlelp.php，这里简要写一下使用方法

require_once ‘googleAuthenticator.php’;
$ga = new PHPGangsta_GoogleAuthenticator();
//创建一个新的"安全密匙SecretKey"
//把本次的"安全密匙SecretKey" 入库,和账户关系绑定,客户端也是绑定这同一个"安全密匙SecretKey"
$secret = $ga->createSecret();echo"安全密匙SecretKey:".$secret."\n\n";
$oneCode = $ga->getCode($secret); //服务端计算"一次性验证码"
echo ’
';
echo “服务端计算的验证码是:”.$oneCode."\n\n";
//把提交的验证码和服务端上生成的验证码做对比
// $secret 服务端的 “安全密匙SecretKey”
// $oneCode 手机上看到的 “一次性验证码”
// 最后一个参数 为容差时间,这里是2 那么就是 2* 30 sec 一分钟.
// 这里改成自己的业务逻辑
$checkResult = $ga->verifyCode($secret, $oneCode,1);if($checkResult) {
echo ‘匹配! OK’;
} else {
echo ‘不匹配! FAILED’;
}
$secret为用户安全密钥，每一个用户都不一样，这里可以将它存入到用户表中。$oneCode是用户端生成的一次性验证码，也就是下面需要下载的软件中自动生成的验证码，这里只是为了对比，所以直接输出来。

3、下载身份验证器：

Android移动设备

在您手机的应用市场搜索“Google身份验证器”或“Google Authenticator”，下载安装即可。拥有Google身份验证器的市场有：Google Play；应用汇；安卓市场；百度移动应用；优亿市场；安智市场 等

iOS移动设备

应用市场，搜索“Google Authenticator”，下载安装即可。

4、在身份验证器中输入安全密钥绑定账号，身份验证器每隔一段时间将会变换一次验证码，此验证码和服务端生成的验证码一致，因此可将他们进行匹配来确定是否是用户本人