使用Rancher在Kubernetes上部署EMQ X集群

本文描述如何通过Rancher2.0部署kubernetes集群，并将EMQ X部署到kubernetes集群上

实验环境：

公有云环境：AWS EC2
操作系统：ubuntu 16.04
Docker version：18.09.0

通过Rancher部署kubernetes集群

Rancher的安装以及部署kubernetes集群的步骤推荐直接按照快速入门执行。

创建Rancher Api密钥

EMQ X通过访问kube-apiserver来实现自动集群功能，在Rancher中，Rancher对kube-apiserver做了一层代理，在访问kube-apiserver的时候必须提供用于向Rancher进行身份验证的API密钥。参考用户手册创建并保存API Key。本实验中创建的Access Key为：token-dksbl，Secret Key为：pshhhf5cp8d5v5x7bzjdm82qfrwgx7f2bzksnr748j42xmbvvklbdz，组合成的Token为：token-dksbl:pshhhf5cp8d5v5x7bzjdm82qfrwgx7f2bzksnr748j42xmbvvklbdz

下载并配置kubectl

下载并安装kubectl
进入Rancher集群页面，点击Kubeconfig文件。

将kubeconfig文件保存到~/.kube/config

执行kubectl cluster-info验证配置是否成功

$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://13.125.244.172/k8s/clusters/c-vvgjq
KubeDNS is running at https://13.125.244.172/k8s/clusters/c-vvgjq/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy

To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.

访问kube-apiserver

EMQ X通过访问kube-apiserver来实现自动集群，kube-apiserver的地址可以查看~/.ssh/config文件或者执行kubectl cluster-info获取，本实验中kube-apiserver的地址为：https://13.125.244.172/k8s/clusters/c-vvgjq。

直接访问kube-apiserver，可以看到会报错需要认证。

$ curl -k https://13.125.244.172/k8s/clusters/c-vvgjq
{"type":"error","status":"401","message":"must authenticate"}

在头部加上Authorization认证则可以正常访问

$ curl -k -H 'Authorization: Bearer token-dksbl:pshhhf5cp8d5v5x7bzjdm82qfrwgx7f2bzksnr748j42xmbvvklbdz' https://13.125.244.172/k8s/clusters/c-vvgjq

编辑emqx.yaml

在Kubernetes 上安装 EMQ X 系列文章之二：EMQ X 自动集群一文中分享了EMQ X部署kubernetes集群的yaml文件如下，在Rancher上部署EMQ X集群的话需要稍加改动。

$cat emqx.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: emqx
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 32333
    nodePort: 32333
    targetPort:  emqx-dashboard
    protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: emqx
  type: NodePort

---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: emqx
  labels:
        app: emqx
spec:
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: emqx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: emqx
        image: emqx/emqx:latest
        ports:
        - name: emqx-dashboard
          containerPort: 18083
        env:
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__DISCOVERY
          value: k8s
        - name: EMQX_NAME
          value: emqx
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__APISERVER
          value: http://172.31.19.161:8080
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__NAMESPACE
          value: default
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__SERVICE_NAME
          value: emqx
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__ADDRESS_TYPE
          value: ip
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__APP_NAME
          value: emqx
        tty: true

EMQ X可以读取/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token文件中的内容组合Authorization认证访问kube-apiserver，所以只需要把Rancher的API Token通过Secret挂载到容器中就可以了。

Secret解决了密码、token、密钥等敏感数据的配置问题，而不需要把这些敏感数据暴露到镜像或者Pod Spec中。Secret可以以Volume或者环境变量的方式使用。

Secret有三种类型：

Service Account ：用来访问Kubernetes API，由Kubernetes自动创建，并且会自动挂载到Pod的/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount目录中；

Opaque ：base64编码格式的Secret，用来存储密码、密钥等；

kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson ：用来存储私有docker registry的认证信息。

首先对API Token做base64编码

$ echo -n token-dksbl:pshhhf5cp8d5v5x7bzjdm82qfrwgx7f2bzksnr748j42xmbvvklbdz | base64 -w 0
dG9rZW4tZGtzYmw6cHNoaGhmNWNwOGQ1djV4N2J6amRtODJxZnJ3Z3g3ZjJiemtzbnI3NDhqNDJ4bWJ2dmtsYmR6

在yaml文件中创建Secret

$vim emqx.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: emqx-secret
type: Opaque
data:
  token: dG9rZW4tcGI2MjU6eDZ2eGJ0Y2NmdG1waGpseHR3NGNjdGN2d2txdzk5aDJzYmhxNHFtaDh4c2ZnbXd6dzJ0d2Rw
  
---
......

修改Deployment，将环境变量中的EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__APISERVER改为Rancher的Kube-apiserver的地址，增加volumeMounts

$vim emqx.yaml

......
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: emqx
  labels:
        app: emqx
spec:
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: emqx
    spec:
      volumes:
      - name: emqx-secret
        secret:
           secretName: emqx-secret
      containers:
      - name: emqx
        image: emqx/emqx:latest
        ports:
        - name: emqx-dashboard
          containerPort: 18083
        - name: emqx-http
          containerPort: 8083
        - name: emqx-mqtt
          containerPort: 1883
        env:
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__DISCOVERY
          value: k8s
        - name: EMQX_NAME
          value: emqx
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__APISERVER
          value: https://13.125.244.172/k8s/clusters/c-vvgjq
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__NAMESPACE
          value: default
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__SERVICE_NAME
          value: emqx
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__ADDRESS_TYPE
          value: ip
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__APP_NAME
          value: emqx
        tty: true
        volumeMounts:
          - name: emqx-secret
            mountPath: "/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount"
            readOnly: true

部署EMQ X

查看修改后的emqx.yaml

$cat emqx.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: emqx-secret
type: Opaque
data:
  token: dG9rZW4tcGI2MjU6eDZ2eGJ0Y2NmdG1waGpseHR3NGNjdGN2d2txdzk5aDJzYmhxNHFtaDh4c2ZnbXd6dzJ0d2Rw

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: emqx
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 32333
    nodePort: 32333
    targetPort:  emqx-dashboard
    protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: emqx
  type: NodePort

---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: emqx
  labels:
        app: emqx
spec:
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: emqx
    spec:
      volumes:
      - name: emqx-secret
        secret:
           secretName: emqx-secret
      containers:
      - name: emqx
        image: emqx/emqx:latest
        ports:
        - name: emqx-dashboard
          containerPort: 18083
        - name: emqx-http
          containerPort: 8083
        - name: emqx-mqtt
          containerPort: 1883
        env:
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__DISCOVERY
          value: k8s
        - name: EMQX_NAME
          value: emqx
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__APISERVER
          value: https://13.125.244.172/k8s/clusters/c-vvgjq
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__NAMESPACE
          value: default
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__SERVICE_NAME
          value: emqx
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__ADDRESS_TYPE
          value: ip
        - name: EMQX_CLUSTER__K8S__APP_NAME
          value: emqx
        tty: true
        volumeMounts:
          - name: emqx-secret
            mountPath: "/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount"
            readOnly: true

部署EMQ X

$ kubectl create -f emqx.yaml
secret/emqx-secret created
service/emqx created
deployment.extensions/emqx created

查看状态

$ kubectl get pods
NAME                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
emqx-67b5fcf4d-gwzfn       1/1     Running   0          36s
emqx-67b5fcf4d-rb7m6       1/1     Running   0          36s

集群成功

$ kubectl exec emqx-67b5fcf4d-gwzfn /opt/emqx/bin/emqx_ctl cluster status
Cluster status: [{running_nodes,['[email protected]','[email protected]']}]

使用Rancher Dashboard部署EMQ X（可选）

删除刚刚部署的EMQ X

$ kubectl delete -f emqx.yaml
secret "emqx-secret" deleted
service "emqx" deleted
deployment.extensions "emqx" deleted

进入Rancher集群工作负载页面，点击导入YAML

在导入页面将emqx.yaml文件的内容复制进去

点击导入，等待导入成功。

更多信息请访问我们的官网 emqx.io，或关注我们的开源项目 github.com/emqx/emqx ，详细文档请访问官方文档。

使用Rancher在Kubernetes上部署EMQ X集群

实验环境：

通过Rancher部署kubernetes集群

创建Rancher Api密钥

下载并配置kubectl

访问kube-apiserver

编辑emqx.yaml

部署EMQ X

使用Rancher Dashboard部署EMQ X（可选）

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