NSHTTPCookieStorage ios cookie

cookie机制采用的是在客户端保持 HTTP 状态信息的方案

Cookie是在浏览器访问WEB服务器的某个资源时，由WEB服务器在HTTP响应消息头中附带传送给浏览器的一个小文本文件。

一旦WEB浏览器保存了某个Cookie，那么它在以后每次访问该WEB服务器时，都会在HTTP请求头中将这个Cookie回传给WEB服务器。

底层的实现原理： WEB服务器通过在HTTP响应消息中增加Set-Cookie响应头字段将Cookie信息发送给浏览器，浏览器则通过在HTTP请求消息中增加Cookie请求头字段将Cookie回传给WEB服务器。

一个Cookie只能标识一种信息，它至少含有一个标识该信息的名称（NAME）和设置值（VALUE）。

一个WEB站点可以给一个WEB浏览器发送多个Cookie，一个WEB浏览器也可以存储多个WEB站点提供的Cookie。

浏览器一般只允许存放300个Cookie，每个站点最多存放20个Cookie，每个Cookie的大小限制为4KB。

一、NSHTTPCookieStorage 【转自 http://rainbird.blog.51cto.com/211214/805173】

一直以为iOS的http请求这块很简单应该不支持记录，保存，或者使用cookie，可是想当然归想当然，真用的时候，真研究了一下发现还真强大。经过一番的研究简单说一下我的理解：当你访问一个网站时，不管你愿意或者不愿意，NSURLRequest都会帮你主动记录下来你访问的站点设置的 cookie，而且很负责任的，当你下次再访问这个站点时，NSURLRequest会拿着上次保存下来了的cookie继续去请求。这规律同样适用于 ASIHTTPRequest。所以当你做一些基于认证的网络请求时，cookie不失为一个完美的解决方案。

那么怎么查看cookie呢？很简单：

NSHTTPCookieStorage *cookieJar = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage];

for (NSHTTPCookie *cookie in [cookieJar cookies]) {

NSLog(@"%@", cookie);

}

这样就列出了所有已保存的cookie,如果当前为空怎么办呢？随便请求一个url喽。

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:

[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://blog.cnrainbird.com"]

cachePolicy:NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalAndRemoteCacheData timeoutInterval:3];

[NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request

returningResponse:nil

error:nil];

NSHTTPCookieStorage *cookieJar = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage];

for (NSHTTPCookie *cookie in [cookieJar cookies]) {

NSLog(@"%@", cookie);

}

是不是得到了类似:

的东东？这就是cookie啦

怎么清空cookie呢？

NSHTTPCookieStorage *cookieJar = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage];

NSArray *_tmpArray = [NSArray arrayWithArray:[cookieJar cookies]];

for (id obj in _tmpArray) {

[cookieJar deleteCookie:obj];

}

这样cookie就消失的一干二净了。

会查看cookie了，也会清空cookie了，怎么设置指定的cookie呢？

NSMutableDictionary *cookieProperties = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

[cookieProperties setObject:@"username" forKey:NSHTTPCookieName];

[cookieProperties setObject:@"rainbird" forKey:NSHTTPCookieValue];

[cookieProperties setObject:@"cnrainbird.com" forKey:NSHTTPCookieDomain];

[cookieProperties setObject:@"cnrainbird.com" forKey:NSHTTPCookieOriginURL];

[cookieProperties setObject:@"/" forKey:NSHTTPCookiePath];

[cookieProperties setObject:@"0" forKey:NSHTTPCookieVersion];

NSHTTPCookie *cookie = [NSHTTPCookie cookieWithProperties:cookieProperties];

[[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] setCookie:cookie];

这样就可以了。输入一下，是不是得到了下面这样的结果：

二、

1.NSHttpCookiesStorage是一个单例，管理所有的Cookie，每个Cookie都是一个NSHTTPCookie的实例，所有应用的cookies都被保存在这个NSHTTPCookieStorage的单例中，并且跨进程同步。但为了安全，每个应用都有自己的沙盒，A应用的cookie是不能被B应用访问的。

iOS Note: Cookies are not shared among applications in iOS.

2. cookie的接收模式有3种

NSHTTPCookieAcceptPolicyAlways,NSHTTPCookieAcceptPolicyNever,NSHTTPCookieAcceptPolicyOnlyFromMainDocumentDomain

如果改变cookie的接收模式，会影响所有当前正在使用cookie storage正在运行的应用。

Note:Changes made to the cookie accept policy affect all currently running applications using the cookie storage.

3.Session cookies (where the cookie object’sisSessionOnlymethod returnsYES) are local to a single process and are not shared.

4.NSHTTPCookieStorage的问题，即当更改或者删除一个cookie时，NSHTTPCookieStorage不是立即接收NSHTTPCookieManagerCookiesChangedNotification，然后进行更改，而是有5s的延迟，

参考：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5837702/nshttpcookiestorage-state-not-saved-on-app-exit-any-definitive-knowledge-docume

和http://www.cocoabuilder.com/archive/cocoa/195413-nshttpcookiestorage-notification-troubles.html

一般解决方法是把cookie手动的保存，隔一段时间刷新，程序启动时再从NSDefaultUser中读出

NSHTTPCookieStorage state not saved on app exit. Any definitive knowledge/documentation out there?

I also got the same problem but i found a solution. I saved the cookies as it get created by the browser and then recreate them as app restarts.

1) Save cookie when they get created by uiwebview.

NSMutableArray *cookieArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

for (NSHTTPCookie *cookie in [[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] cookies]) {

[cookieArray addObject:cookie.name];

NSMutableDictionary *cookieProperties = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

[cookieProperties setObject:cookie.name forKey:NSHTTPCookieName];

[cookieProperties setObject:cookie.value forKey:NSHTTPCookieValue];

[cookieProperties setObject:cookie.domain forKey:NSHTTPCookieDomain];

[cookieProperties setObject:cookie.path forKey:NSHTTPCookiePath];

[cookieProperties setObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:cookie.version] forKey:NSHTTPCookieVersion];

[cookieProperties setObject:[[NSDate date] dateByAddingTimeInterval:2629743] forKey:NSHTTPCookieExpires];

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setValue:cookieProperties forKey:cookie.name];

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] synchronize];

}

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setValue:cookieArray forKey:@"cookieArray"];

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] synchronize];

2) Now recreate them as app restarts:

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions

{

NSMutableArray* cookieDictionary = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] valueForKey:@"cookieArray"];

NSLog(@"cookie dictionary found is %@",cookieDictionary);

for (int i=0; i < cookieDictionary.count; i++)

{

NSLog(@"cookie found is %@",[cookieDictionary objectAtIndex:i]);

NSMutableDictionary* cookieDictionary1 = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] valueForKey:[cookieDictionary objectAtIndex:i]];

NSHTTPCookie *cookie = [NSHTTPCookie cookieWithProperties:cookieDictionary1];

[[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] setCookie:cookie];

}

// other code