FFmpeg结构体:AVPacket

1.描述

AVPacket用于存储压缩数据,位于avcodec.h文件中。
通常由demuxer导出,然后作为输入传递给解码器;或者作为编码器的输出,然后传递给muxer。
对于视频,它通常应包含一个压缩帧。 对于音频,它可能包含几个压缩帧。 允许编码器输出空分组,没有压缩数据,仅包含辅助数据(例如,在编码结束时更新一些参数)。

2.结构体定义

typedef struct AVPacket {
    /**
     * A reference to the reference-counted buffer where the packet data is
     * stored.
     * May be NULL, then the packet data is not reference-counted.
     */
    AVBufferRef *buf;
    /**
     * Presentation timestamp in AVStream->time_base units; the time at which
     * the decompressed packet will be presented to the user.
     * Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
     * pts MUST be larger or equal to dts as presentation cannot happen before
     * decompression, unless one wants to view hex dumps. Some formats misuse
     * the terms dts and pts/cts to mean something different. Such timestamps
     * must be converted to true pts/dts before they are stored in AVPacket.
     */
    int64_t pts;
    /**
     * Decompression timestamp in AVStream->time_base units; the time at which
     * the packet is decompressed.
     * Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
     */
    int64_t dts;
    uint8_t *data;
    int   size;
    int   stream_index;
    /**
     * A combination of AV_PKT_FLAG values
     */
    int   flags;
    /**
     * Additional packet data that can be provided by the container.
     * Packet can contain several types of side information.
     */
    AVPacketSideData *side_data;
    int side_data_elems;

    /**
     * Duration of this packet in AVStream->time_base units, 0 if unknown.
     * Equals next_pts - this_pts in presentation order.
     */
    int64_t duration;

    int64_t pos;                            ///< byte position in stream, -1 if unknown

#if FF_API_CONVERGENCE_DURATION
    /**
     * @deprecated Same as the duration field, but as int64_t. This was required
     * for Matroska subtitles, whose duration values could overflow when the
     * duration field was still an int.
     */
    attribute_deprecated
    int64_t convergence_duration;
#endif
} AVPacket;

3.常见变量及其作用

AVPacket这个结构体变量分析:

AVBufferRef *buf; //缓冲包数据存储位置。
int64_t pts;           //显示时间戳,以AVStream->time_base为单位。
int64_t dts;        //解码时间戳,以AVStream->time_base为单位。
uint8_t *data;     //压缩编码的数据。
int   size;//data的大小。
int   stream_index;//给出所属媒体流的索引。
int   flags;//标识域,其中,最低位置1表示该数据是一个关键帧。
AVPacketSideData *side_data;//容器提供的额外数据包。
int64_t duration;//Packet持续的时间,以AVStream->time_base为单位。
int64_t pos;//表示该数据在媒体流中的字节偏移量。

AVPacket结构本身只是一个容器,它使用data成员引用实际的数据缓冲区。这个缓冲区通常是由av_new_packet创建的,但也可能由FFmpeg的API创建(如av_read_frame)。当某个AVPacket结构的数据缓冲区不再被使用时,要需要通过调用av_free_packet释放。
这个结构体在FFmpeg中非常常见,需要重点掌握。

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