在下载了一系列软件管理专家后,我遇到了scoop这一个神级的软件包管理工具,他会自动设置环境变量,也会管理程序依赖。再添加了仓库之后,基本能满足我的软件安装和管理需求。后期我也会学习一下官方的配置写法,维护一下我需要的一些其他的软件。
初级玩法:安装scoop用以管理Windows软件
安装前的准备
- 用户名不含中文字符
- Windows 7 SP1+ / Windows Server 2008+
- PowerShell 3+
- .NET Framework 4.5+
若Powershell或.NET Franmework版本过旧,更新后重启即可。
若不清楚版本号,可Win+R
运行powershell,输入以下命令获取版本号。
$PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major #查看Powershell版本
$PSVersionTable.CLRVersion.Major #查看.NET Framework版本
安装scoop
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -scope CurrentUser
iex (new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://get.scoop.sh')
如果下载scoop的过程中断,那么必须先删除(C:\Users
下载完成后,输入scoop
出现如下帮助即安装成功。
帮助文档
Usage: scoop []
Some useful commands are:
alias Manage scoop aliases
bucket Manage Scoop buckets
cache Show or clear the download cache
checkup Check for potential problems
cleanup Cleanup apps by removing old versions
config Get or set configuration values
create Create a custom app manifest
depends List dependencies for an app
export Exports (an importable) list of installed apps
help Show help for a command
home Opens the app homepage
info Display information about an app
install Install apps
list List installed apps
prefix Returns the path to the specified app
reset Reset an app to resolve conflicts
search Search available apps
status Show status and check for new app versions
uninstall Uninstall an app
update Update apps, or Scoop itself
virustotal Look for app's hash on virustotal.com
which Locate a shim/executable (similar to 'which' on Linux)
Type 'scoop help ' to get help for a specific command.
基本操作
查找软件
在安装软件之前,推荐先查询一下。比如我们查询一下git:
scoop search git
在main
仓库中找到如下软件:
'main' bucket:
git-annex (7.20190129)
git-crypt (0.6.0-701fb8e)
git-istage (0.2.61)
git-lfs (2.6.1)
git-sizer (1.3.0)
git-town (7.2.0)
git-up (1.6.1)
git-with-openssh (2.20.1.windows.1)
git (2.20.1.windows.1)
git19 (1.9.5-preview20150319)
gitignore (0.2018.08.04)
gitkube (0.3.0)
gitlab-runner (11.7.0)
gitversion (4.0.0)
mingit-busybox (2.20.1.windows.1)
mingit (2.20.1.windows.1)
psgithub (2017.01.22)
psutils (0.2018.08.04) --> includes 'gitignore.ps1'
安装软件
找到git的包名后,我们安装它:
scoop install git
安装成功:
Installing 'git' (2.20.1.windows.1) [64bit]
Loading PortableGit-2.20.1-64-bit.7z.exe from cache
Checking hash of PortableGit-2.20.1-64-bit.7z.exe ... ok.
Extracting dl.7z ... done.
Linking ~\scoop\apps\git\current => ~\scoop\apps\git\2.20.1.windows.1
Creating shim for 'git'.
Creating shim for 'gitk'.
Creating shim for 'git-gui'.
Creating shim for 'tig'.
Creating shim for 'git-bash'.
Creating shortcut for Git Bash (git-bash.exe)
Running post-install script...
'git' (2.20.1.windows.1) was installed successfully!
安装完成的软件会放在C:\Users
利用aria2加速下载
在使用scoop安装aria2后,scoop会自动调用aria2进行多线程下载以加速下载
scoop install aria2
卸载软件
# scoop uninstall 7zip
添加仓库
scoop自带的main bucket软件过少,我们需要添加官方维护的extras bucket:
scoop bucket add extras
之后就可以安装我们所需的软件了,附我的安装软件清单:
scoop install calibre gimp inkscape latex vscode-portable zotero
第三方bucket
若在scoop search中找不到需要的软件,可以上github上的第三方bucket查找一下。
比如安装cajviewer,添加bucket:
scoop bucket add scoopbucket https://github.com/yuanying1199/scoopbucket
安装cajviewer:
scoop install scoopbucket/cajviewerlite
其他命令
请参照scoop help
,或访问官网,github,Wiki。