JavaScript--拖拽原理

拖拽雏形:
html+css 代码:


window.onload = function () {
  var elBox = document.getElementById('box');
  elBox.onmousedown = function (e) {
    var oEvent = e || event;
    var disX = oEvent.clientX - elBox.offsetLeft;
    var disY = oEvent.clientY - elBox.offsetTop;

    elBox.onmousemove = function(e) {
      var l = oEvent.clientX - disX;
      var t = oEvent.clientY - disY;
      elBox.style.left = l + 'px';
      elBox.style.top = t + 'px';
    }

    elBox.onmouseup = function () {
      elBox.onmousemove = null;
      elBox.onmouseup = null;
    }
  } 
}

问题:如果鼠标拖的快点,会发现鼠标从div出去后,这个时候div不会跟着鼠标走。
原因:mousemove的事件是加在div上的,所以鼠标一旦脱离了div,那么这个时候mousemove就触发不了了
解决方法:onmousemove加在document上

window.onload = function () {
  var elBox = document.getElementById('box');
  elBox.onmousedown = function (e) {
    var oEvent = e || event;
    var disX = oEvent.clientX - elBox.offsetLeft;
    var disY = oEvent.clientY - elBox.offsetTop;

    document.onmousemove = function(e) {
      var l = oEvent.clientX - disX;
      var t = oEvent.clientY - disY;
      elBox.style.left = l + 'px';
      elBox.style.top = t + 'px';
    }

    elBox.onmouseup = function () {
      document.onmousemove = null;
      elBox.onmouseup = null;
    }
  } 
}

拖拽改进版1:
基于上面代码,问题又出现了
问题:拖动鼠标时,鼠标不在div上的时候,我抬起了鼠标,但是当我再回来之后,div还会跟着动
原因:和上面的问题一样
解决方法:

window.onload = function () {
  var elBox = document.getElementById('box');
  elBox.onmousedown = function (e) {
    var oEvent = e || event;
    var disX = oEvent.clientX - elBox.offsetLeft;
    var disY = oEvent.clientY - elBox.offsetTop;

    document.onmousemove = function(e) {
      var l = oEvent.clientX - disX;
      var t = oEvent.clientY - disY;
      elBox.style.left = l + 'px';
      elBox.style.top = t + 'px';
    }

    document.onmouseup = function () {
      document.onmousemove = null;
      document.onmouseup = null;
    }
  } 
}

拖拽改进版2:
基于上面的代码,我们再看看浏览器的兼容性问题
问题:在火狐浏览器中,如果div下面有其他元素的时候,点击拖动时,会选中下面的元素
原因:触发了鼠标的默认事件
解决方法:去掉默认事件,但是在哪个事件中加了?拖拽是在nomousedown开始的,当鼠标按下的时候,拖拽就开始了。所以要加在onmousedown中。

window.onload = function () {
  var elBox = document.getElementById('box');
  elBox.onmousedown = function (e) {
    var oEvent = e || event;
    var disX = oEvent.clientX - elBox.offsetLeft;
    var disY = oEvent.clientY - elBox.offsetTop;

    document.onmousemove = function(e) {
      var l = oEvent.clientX - disX;
      var t = oEvent.clientY - disY;
      elBox.style.left = l + 'px';
      elBox.style.top = t + 'px';
    }

    document.onmouseup = function () {
      document.onmousemove = null;
      document.onmouseup = null;
    }

    return false;
  } 
}

拖拽改进版3:
基于上面的代码,看看在IE浏览器中兼容性
问题:在低版本的IE中,当div被拖出浏览器窗口时,会出现滚动条
原因:低版本IE的bug
解决方法:使用ie浏览器独有的2个方法:setCapture() 和 releaseCapture()方法

window.onload = function () {
  var elBox = document.getElementById('box');
  elBox.onmousedown = function (e) {
    var oEvent = e || event;
    var disX = oEvent.clientX - elBox.offsetLeft;
    var disY = oEvent.clientY - elBox.offsetTop;

    document.onmousemove = function(e) {
      var l = oEvent.clientX - disX;
      var t = oEvent.clientY - disY;
      elBox.style.left = l + 'px';
      elBox.style.top = t + 'px';
    }

    document.onmouseup = function () {
      document.onmousemove = null;
      document.onmouseup = null;
      elBox.releaseCapture && elBox.releaseCapture();
    }
    elBox.setCapture && elBox.setCapture();
    return false;
  } 
}

再送网友一套移动端拖拽代码:

window.onload = function () {
  var oBox = document.getElementById('box');
  oBox.addEventListener('touchstart', function (e) {
    var disX = e.targetTouches[0].pageX - oBox.offsetLeft();
    var disY = e.targetTouches[0].pageY - oBox.offsetTop();

    function move (e) {
      oBox.style.left = e.targetTouches[0].pageX - disX + 'px';
      oBox.style.top = e.targetTouches[0].pageY - disY + 'px';
    }
    function end (e) {
      oBox.removeEventListener('touchmove', move, false);
      oBox.removeEventListener('touchend', end, false);
    }

    oBox.addEventListener('touchmove', move, false);
    oBox.addEventListener('touchend', end, false);
  });
}

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